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10 results for “Defensive coloration”
Hemipteran defensive odors trigger predictable color biases in jumping spider predators
<p>Multimodal warning displays often pair one signal modality (odor) with a second modality (color) to avoid predation. Experiments with bird predators suggest these signal components interact synergistically, with aversive odors triggering otherwise hidden aversions to particular prey colors. In a recent study, this phenomenon was found in a jumping spider (<em>Habronattus trimaculatus</em>), with the defensive odor from a coreid bug (<em>Acanthocephala femorata</em>) triggering an aversion to red. Here, we explore how generalizable this phenomenon is by giving <em>H. trimaculatus</em> the choice between red or black prey in the presence or absence of defensive odors secreted from (1) eastern leaf-footed bugs (<em>Leptoglossus phyllopus</em>, Hemiptera), (2) grass stinkbugs (<em>Mormidea pama</em>, Hemiptera), (3) Asian ladybird beetles (<em>Harmonia axyridis</em>, Coleoptera), and (4) eastern lubber grasshoppers (<em>Romalea microptera</em>, Orthoptera). As expected, in the presence of the hemipteran odors, spiders were less likely to attack red prey (compared to no odor). Unexpectedly, the beetle and grasshopper odors did not bias spiders away from red. Our results with the hemipteran odors were unique to red; follow-up experiments indicated that these odors did not affect biases for/against green prey. We discuss our findings in the context of generalized predator foraging behavior and the functions of multimodal warning displays. </p>
Hemipteran defensive odors trigger predictable color biases in jumping spider predators
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Fig. 5 in Tiger Beetle Defenses Revisited: Alternative Defense Strategies And Colorations Of Two Neotropical Tiger Beetles, Odontocheila Nicaraguensis Bates And Pseudoxycheila Tarsalis Bates (Carabidae: Cicindelinae)
Fig. 5. Mean radiance spectra (error bars = 1 SD) of the three patches in the elytral color pattern of Pseudoxycheila tarsalis under the ambient light conditions of a large gap.
Figure 4 in Tiger Beetle Defenses Revisited: Alternative Defense Strategies And Colorations Of Two Neotropical Tiger Beetles, Odontocheila Nicaraguensis Bates And Pseudoxycheila Tarsalis Bates (Carabidae: Cicindelinae)
Figure 4. Mean reflectance spectra (error bars = 1 SD) of the three patches in the elytral color pattern of Pseudoxycheila tarsalis, and the reflectance of clay soil samples from Monteverde, Costa Rica.
Fig. 1 in Tiger Beetle Defenses Revisited: Alternative Defense Strategies And Colorations Of Two Neotropical Tiger Beetles, Odontocheila Nicaraguensis Bates And Pseudoxycheila Tarsalis Bates (Carabidae: Cicindelinae)
Fig. 1. Mean reflectance spectra (error bars = 1 SD) for the abdomen and elytra of Odontocheila nicaraguensis and the leaf litter substrate at La Selva.
Fig. 3 in Tiger Beetle Defenses Revisited: Alternative Defense Strategies And Colorations Of Two Neotropical Tiger Beetles, Odontocheila Nicaraguensis Bates And Pseudoxycheila Tarsalis Bates (Carabidae: Cicindelinae)
Fig. 3. Mean radiance spectra (error bars = 1 SD) for the abdomen and elytra of Odontocheila nicaraguensis under ambient light conditions in the forest understory at La Selva, Costa Rica.
Fig. 6. A in Tiger Beetle Defenses Revisited: Alternative Defense Strategies And Colorations Of Two Neotropical Tiger Beetles, Odontocheila Nicaraguensis Bates And Pseudoxycheila Tarsalis Bates (Carabidae: Cicindelinae)
Fig. 6. A comparison of the mean reflectance spectra (error bars = 1 SD) for the white spots and black fields of P. tarsalis and the mutillid wasp Hoplomutilla sp.
Fig. 2 in Tiger Beetle Defenses Revisited: Alternative Defense Strategies And Colorations Of Two Neotropical Tiger Beetles, Odontocheila Nicaraguensis Bates And Pseudoxycheila Tarsalis Bates (Carabidae: Cicindelinae)
Fig. 2. Mean radiance (error bars = 1 SD) spectra for the abdomen and elytra of Odontocheila nicaraguensis under ambient light conditions of large gaps at La Selva, Costa Rica.
Data from: Evolution of ontogenic change in color defenses of swallowtail butterflies
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Data from: Distance-dependent defensive coloration in the poison frog Dendrobates tinctorius, Dendrobatidae
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