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11 results for “Diceros bicornis”
Triangular Mesh of a Black Rhinoceros Brain (Diceros Bicornis)
<p>Triangular Mesh of a Black Rhinoceros Brain (Diceros Bicornis) from http://braincatalogue.org/Black_rhinoceros.</p>
Evaluating Qualitative Behavioural Assessment and ethogram techniques for captive black rhinoceros (Diceros bicornis)
<p>Data set + R Code for: Evaluating Qualitative Behavioural Assessment and ethogram techniques <br>for captive black rhinoceros (<em>Diceros bicornis</em>)</p>
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Scan of a Black Rhinoceros (Diceros Bicornis)
<p>Magnetic Resonance Imaging Scan of a Black Rhinoceros (Diceros Bicornis) from http://braincatalogue.org/Black_rhinoceros</p>
Reductions in home-range size and social interactions among dehorned black rhinoceroses (Diceros bicornis)
<div> <p>Poaching for horns and tusks is driving declines of megaherbivores worldwide, including the critically endangered African black rhinoceros (<em>Diceros</em> <em>bicornis</em>). By proactively dehorning entire rhinoceros populations, conservationists aim to deter poaching and prevent species loss. However, such conservation interventions may have hidden and underestimated effects on animals' behavior and ecology. Here, we combine >15 y of black rhino–monitoring data across 10 South African game reserves, comprising >24,000 sightings of 368 individuals, to determine the consequences of dehorning for black rhino space use and social interactions. While preventative dehorning at these reserves coincided with a nationwide decrease in black rhino mortality from poaching and did not infer increased natural mortality, dehorned black rhinos decreased their home range area by, on average, 11.7 km<sup>2</sup> (45.5%) and were 37% less likely to engage in social encounters. We conclude that dehorning black rhinos as an antipoaching measure alters their behavioral ecology, although the potential population-level effects of these changes remain to be determined.</p> </div>
Data from: The burning question: does fire affect habitat selection and forage preference of the black rhinoceros Diceros bicornis in East African savannahs?
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Reductions in home-range size and social interactions among dehorned black rhinoceroses (Diceros bicornis)
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Data from: Extinctions, genetic erosion and conservation options for the black rhinoceros (Diceros bicornis)
The black rhinoceros is again on the verge of extinction due to unsustainable poaching in its native range. Despite a wide historic distribution, the black rhinoceros was traditionally thought of as depauperate in genetic variation, and with very little known about its evolutionary history. This knowledge gap has hampered conservation efforts because hunting has dramatically reduced the species' once continuous distribution, leaving five surviving gene pools of unknown genetic affinity. Here we examined the range-wide genetic structure of historic and modern populations using the largest and most geographically representative sample of black rhinoceroses ever assembled. Using both mitochondrial and nuclear datasets, we described a staggering loss of 69% of the species' mitochondrial genetic variation, including the most ancestral lineages that are now absent from modern populations. Genetically unique populations in countries such as Nigeria, Cameroon, Chad, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Somalia, Mozambique, Malawi and Angola no longer exist. We found that the historic range of the West African subspecies (D. b. longipes), declared extinct in 2011, extends into southern Kenya, where a handful of individuals survive in the Masai Mara. We also identify conservation units that will help maintain evolutionary potential. Our results suggest a complete re-evaluation of current conservation management paradigms for the black rhinoceros.
Data from: Genetic structure of the black rhinoceros (Diceros bicornis) in south-eastern Africa
Despite an on-going struggle to conserve the endangered black rhinoceros (Diceros bicornis) since the 1980's, huge capital investment and several genetic surveys, the level of genetic structure and connectivity among populations in southern Africa is not well understood. Here, we undertake a major population genetic study of black rhinoceros in the Zimbabwe Lowveld, an area inhabited by over half of that country's original Zambezi descendants plus one large population sourced from the relict KwaZulu stock of South Africa. Using nuclear microsatellite and mitochondrial DNA data, we found much higher levels of genetic diversity in the indigenous Zimbabwean populations, where observed multilocus heterozygosity was 0.54 vs 0.40 in KwaZulu, and maternal haplotype diversity was 0.77 vs 0.03. We show, for the first time, that both gene pools can be differentiated from each other on the basis of nuclear markers. This, along with the discovery of recent gene flow between all Lowveld populations, suggests that Zimbabwean and South African gene pools were prehistorically connected.
FIGURES 74–88. Cornugon spp. nov., antenna lateral. 74. C. albicoxa, female. 75. C. anais, female. 76. C. bicornis, female. 77. C. bicornis, male. 78. C. diabolos, female. 79. C. diabolos, male. 80. C. diceros, female. 81. C. diceros, male. 82. C. gibberum, female. 83. C. leios, female. 84. C. leios, male. 85. C. unicornis, female. 86. C. reticulatum, male. 87. C. reticulatum, female. 88. C in Cornugon (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae: Entedoninae) a new genus from tropical America including ten new species
FIGURES 74–88. Cornugon spp. nov., antenna lateral. 74. C. albicoxa, female. 75. C. anais, female. 76. C. bicornis, female. 77. C. bicornis, male. 78. C. diabolos, female. 79. C. diabolos, male. 80. C. diceros, female. 81. C. diceros, male. 82. C. gibberum, female. 83. C. leios, female. 84. C. leios, male. 85. C. unicornis, female. 86. C. reticulatum, male. 87. C. reticulatum, female. 88. C. petiolatum, female.
Data from: Genetic structure of the black rhinoceros (Diceros bicornis) in south-eastern Africa
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Data from: Extinctions, genetic erosion and conservation options for the black rhinoceros (Diceros bicornis)
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