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39 results for “Dietary shift”

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dryad40/100

The gut microbiome reflects ancestry despite dietary shifts across a hybrid zone

<p>The microbiome is critical to an organism's phenotype, and its composition is shaped by, and a driver of, eco-evolutionary interactions. We investigated how host ancestry, habitat, and diet shape gut microbial composition in a mammalian hybrid zone that occurs across an ecotone between distinct vegetation communities. We found that habitat is the primary determinant of diet, while host genotype is the primary determinant of the gut microbiome—a finding further supported by intermediate microbiome composition in first generation hybrids. Despite these distinct primary drivers, microbial richness was correlated with diet richness, and individuals that maintained higher dietary richness had greater gut microbial community stability. Both relationships were stronger in the relative dietary generalist of the two parental species. Our findings show that host ancestry interacts with dietary habits to shape the microbiome, ultimately resulting in the organismal phenotypic plasticity that host-microbial interactions allow.</p>

opencc-zeroOct 2022View details →
zenodo40/100

FIGURE 4 in Dietary shift of a pimelodid catfish in response to the flood pulse in the Xingu River

FIGURE 4 | Trophic niche breadth of Pimelodus blochii collected in different hydrological periods in the middle Xingu River region (Eastern Amazon, Brazil). Based on centroid distances between groups from the Permutational Multivariate Dispersion Analysis (PERMDISP).

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2023View details →
zenodo40/100

FIGURE 3 in Dietary shift of a pimelodid catfish in response to the flood pulse in the Xingu River

FIGURE 3 | Non-metric Multidimensional Scaling (nMDS) graphical representation of the diet of Pimelodus blochii collected in different hydrological periods in the middle Xingu River region, Eastern Amazon, Brazil.

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2023View details →
zenodo40/100

FIGURE 2 in Dietary shift of a pimelodid catfish in response to the flood pulse in the Xingu River

FIGURE 2 | Alimentary index (Ai) of the diet of Pimelodus blochii collected in different hydrological periods in the middle Xingu River region, Eastern Amazon, Brazil. *Less than 5% of contribution.

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2023View details →
zenodo40/100

FIGURE 1 in Dietary shift of a pimelodid catfish in response to the flood pulse in the Xingu River

FIGURE 1 | Map depicting the Volta Grande do Xingu (Xingu River, Brazil), with emphasis on the reduced flow section created by the construction of the Belo Monte Dam (including the Pimental Dam). The orange circles represent the sampling sites where Pimelodus blochii specimens were collected, and the arrows indicate the direction of water flow. The orange star and triangle represent the Pimental Dam and the Belo Monte Dam, respectively.

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2023View details →
zenodo40/100

Fig. 2 in Impacts of ontogenetic dietary shifts on the food-transmitted intestinal parasite communities of two lake salmonids

Fig. 2. Correlation between the mean number of parasite taxa and mean length among the different size classes of Arctic charr and brown trout with a 95% confidence interval.

opencc-by-4.0Aug 2020View details →
zenodo40/100

Fig. 1 in Impacts of ontogenetic dietary shifts on the food-transmitted intestinal parasite communities of two lake salmonids

Fig. 1. Frequency of occurrence of prey categories in the diet of a) Arctic charr and b) brown trout throughout their ontogenesis. Prey categories not related to intestinal parasite transmission are excluded.

opencc-by-4.0Aug 2020View details →
zenodo40/100

Fig. 4 in Impacts of ontogenetic dietary shifts on the food-transmitted intestinal parasite communities of two lake salmonids

Fig. 4. Nonmetric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) plot on Bray-Curtis distances of a) Arctic charr and b) brown trout showing dissimilarity in parasite community composition between different size classes including 95% confidence intervals ellipses. NMDS converged on a three-dimensional solution with an acceptable stress level.

opencc-by-4.0Aug 2020View details →
zenodo40/100

Fig. 7 in Impacts of ontogenetic dietary shifts on the food-transmitted intestinal parasite communities of two lake salmonids

Fig. 7. Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) performed on parasite abundances as a function of presence-absence of prey types and fish length in a) Arctic charr and b) brown trout (Cre. = Crepidostomum spp., Cya. = Cyatocephalus truncatus, Eub.s. = Eubothrium salvelini, Eub.c. = Eubothrium crassum, Pro. = Proteocephalus sp., Dib. = Dibothriocephalus spp.).

opencc-by-4.0Aug 2020View details →
zenodo40/100

Fig. 5 in Impacts of ontogenetic dietary shifts on the food-transmitted intestinal parasite communities of two lake salmonids

Fig. 5. Differences in parasite community composition between Arctic charr and brown trout using nonmetric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) plot on Bray-Curtis distances, including 95% confidence interval ellipses. NMDS converged on a three-dimensional solution with an acceptable stress level.

opencc-by-4.0Aug 2020View details →
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Fig. 3 in Impacts of ontogenetic dietary shifts on the food-transmitted intestinal parasite communities of two lake salmonids

Fig. 3. Prevalence of intestinal parasites in Arctic charr (black) and brown trout (grey) throughout their ontogenesis with 95% confidence intervals.

opencc-by-4.0Aug 2020View details →
zenodo40/100

Data repository - Dietary shifts increase the feasibility of 1.5°C pathways

<p>This repository contains modelling results of a study conducted with the opensource Integrated Assessment Modelling (IAM) framework REMIND-MAgPIE (REMIND 3.2.0 and MAgPIE 4.6.7)</p> <p>The source code for REMIND 3.2.0 is openly available at https://github.com/remindmodel and https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7852740.&nbsp;<br> The model documentation can be found at https://rse.pik-potsdam.de/doc/remind/3.2.0. Instructions for software installation, running the model and coupling to MAgPIE (tutorials subfolder) are available at https://github.com/remindmodel/remind.</p> <p>The source code for MAgPIE 4.6.7 is openly available at https://github.com/magpiemodel and https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1418752.&nbsp;<br> The model documentation can be found at https://rse.pik-potsdam.de/doc/magpie/4.6.7/. Instructions for software installation and running the model are available at https://github.com/magpiemodel/magpie.</p>

opencc-by-4.0Sep 2023View details →
dryad40/100

The gut microbiome reflects ancestry despite dietary shifts across a hybrid zone

Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.

publicOct 2022View details →
zenodo36/100

Supplementary information for: Dental microwear texture analysis reveals a likely dietary shift within Late Cretaceous ornithopod dinosaurs.

<p>This supplementary information includes 19 datasets and 95 sur files. Dataset 1 to 11 and 13 to 19 are in one excel file (&ldquo;1. Supplementary Dataset 1-11 13-17_MS.xlsx &ldquo;) and each dataset is in a separate excel sheet. Dataset 12 is a nexus file that contains a phylogenetic tree of ornithischian dinosaurs used in the analysis of this study (&ldquo;2. DatasetS12 tree.nex&rdquo;). Other 95 sur format files are original 3D surface files that are obtained by scanning tooth surface of ornithischian tooth fossils using a laser microscope VK-9700. Sur file can be opened by a surface roughness software MountainsMap. Surface roughness parameters obtained from these Sur files are in Supplementary dataset 1.</p> <p>Datasets 13 to 19 are results of statistical analyses that excluded data from <em>Thescelosaurs</em>.</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p>Below is an explanation for each dataset.</p> <p>Supplementary Dataset 1. Normalized dental microwear texture parameters.</p> <p>Supplementary Dataset 2. Results of the statistical analysis that examined effect of geological ages and enamel locations on each dental microwear texture parameter.</p> <p>Supplementary Dataset 3. Results of the statistical analysis that include body size as an explanatory variable.</p> <p>Supplementary Dataset 4.&nbsp; Eigen values of principal components obtained by the PCA of dental microwear texture parameters.</p> <p>Supplementary Dataset 5. Loading matrix of the PCA.</p> <p>Supplementary Dataset 6. Results of statistical analyses that examined effect of geological ages and enamel locations on PC1 and PC2.</p> <p>Supplementary Dataset 7. Bayes factors for the evolutionary model fitting of PC1.</p> <p>Supplementary Dataset 8. Bayes factors for the evolutionary model fitting of Sdr.</p> <p>Supplementary Dataset 9. Bayes factors for the evolutionary model fitting of Sha.</p> <p>Supplementary Dataset 10. Bayes factors for the evolutionary model fitting of Sq.</p> <p>Supplementary Dataset 11. Bayes factors for the evolutionary model fitting of Vvv.</p> <p>Supplementary Dataset 12. Phylogenetic trees used for the model fitting.</p> <p>Supplementary Dataset 13. Without <em>Thescelosaurus</em>: Results of the statistical analysis that examined effect of geological ages and enamel locations on each dental microwear texture parameter.</p> <p>Supplementary Dataset 14. Without <em>Thescelosaurus</em>: Results of statistical analyses that examined effect of geological ages and enamel locations on PC1 and PC2.</p> <p>Supplementary Dataset 15. Without Thescelosaurus: Bayes factors for the evolutionary model fitting of PC1.</p> <p>Supplementary Dataset 16. Without <em>Thescelosaurus</em>: Bayes factors for the evolutionary model fitting of Sdr.</p> <p>Supplementary Dataset 17. Without <em>Thescelosaurus</em>: Bayes factors for the evolutionary model fitting of Sha.</p> <p>Supplementary Dataset 18. Without <em>Thescelosaurus</em>: Bayes factors for the evolutionary model fitting of Sq.</p> <p>Supplementary Dataset 19. Without <em>Thescelosaurus</em>: Bayes factors for the evolutionary model fitting of Vvv.</p>

opencc-by-4.0Jun 2022View details →
dryad36/100

Dietary shifts increase the feasibility of 1.5°C pathways

<p><span>A transition to healthy diets like the EAT-Lancet Planetary Health Diet could considerably reduce GHG emissions. However, the specific contributions of dietary shifts for the feasibility of 1.5°C pathways remain unclear. Here, we use the open-source Integrated Assessment Modeling (IAM) framework REMIND-MAgPIE to compare 1.5°C pathways with and without dietary shifts. We find that a flexitarian diet increases the feasibility of the Paris Agreement climate goals in different ways: The reduction of GHG emissions related to dietary shifts, especially methane from ruminant enteric fermentation, increases the 1.5°C-compatible carbon budget. Therefore, dietary shifts allow us to achieve the same climate outcome with less carbon dioxide removal (CDR) and less stringent CO<sub>2</sub> emission reductions in the energy system, which reduces pressure on GHG prices, energy prices and food expenditures. </span></p> <p><span>This dataset provides raw data for all figures shown in the paper. It includes data for three scenarios: <em>SSP2-NDC</em>, <em>SSP2-1.5°C</em> and <em>SSP2-1.5°C-DietShift</em>. All data is at global level and for the period 2020-2100. </span><span>Raw data for each figure panel is provided on individual data sheets in a single .xlsx file. The structure of the data is identical on each sheet, organized in columns for <em>model</em>, <em>scenario</em>, <em>region</em>, <em>variable</em>, <em>unit</em>, <em>year</em> and <em>value</em>.<br></span></p>

opencc-zeroSep 2023View details →
dryad36/100

Food matters: Dietary shifts increase the feasibility of 1.5°C pathways in line with the Paris Agreement

Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.

publicSep 2023View details →
dryad36/100

Data from: Exceptionally preserved stomach contents of a young tyrannosaurid reveal an ontogenetic dietary shift in an iconic extinct predator (TMP 2009.12.14 Citipes tail segment)

Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.

publicDec 2023View details →
dryad32/100

Data from: Dietary shifts in a group of early Eocene euarchontans (Microsyopidae) in association with climatic change

<p>The Microsyopidae, a family of plesiadapiforms known from over 1,500 stratigraphically controlled specimens from the southern Bighorn Basin of Wyoming, span the first three million years of the early Eocene. The early Eocene is characterized by rapid fluctuations in climate during the period represented by this collection of microsyopids, making this an ideal sample to examine how climate influenced early stem primate biology, particularly dietary ecology. An evolving lineage of microsyopine microsyopids is known from before, during, and after Biohorizon A, a faunal turnover event associated with a period of localized cooling. Dental topographic analysis (DTA) quantifies functional aspects of molars such as curvature, complexity, and relief, and covaries with diet in extant taxa. Here, we use DTA to examine microsyopid dietary change over time, particularity in response to this cooling event. Our results suggest that microsyopids had molars that are functionally like extant insectivorous/ omnivorous euarchontans. The earliest occurring species in our sample, <i>Arctodontomys wilsoni,</i> is characterized by molars that became more like modern insectivorous euarchontans over time. During Biohorizon A, <i>A. wilsoni </i>is replaced by <i>A. nuptus, </i>which has molars that are more like those of extant omnivores with a mixed diet including fruit. After the biohorizon event, <i>A. nuptus</i> appears more insectivorous, as is the later occurring <i>Microsyops angustidens, </i>which evolves from <i>A. nuptus. </i>Overall, we provide potential evidence for a causal scenario where local climate change coincided with a dietary transition among microsyopids. Our results have important implications for understanding how diet and climate were prime movers for the evolution of early primates.</p>

opencc-zeroNov 2020View details →
dryad32/100

Data from: Developmental and transcriptomal responses to seasonal dietary shifts in the cactophilic Drosophila mojavensis of North America

Drosophila mojavensis normally breeds in necrotic columnar cactus, but they also feed and breed in Opuntia fruit (prickly pear) which serves as a seasonal resource. The prickly pear fruits are much different chemically from cacti, mainly in their free sugars and lipid content, raising the question of the effects of this seasonal shift on fitness and on gene expression. Here we reared three isofemale strains of D. mojavensis collected from different parts of the species' range on semi-natural medium of either cactus or prickly pear fruit and measured the development time, survival, body weights and desiccation resistance. All these parameters were affected by diet and by interaction with strain and or sex. Interestingly, however, there appear to be tradeoffs: flies developed faster in prickly pear and the emerging adults were heavier, but those having grown in cactus were more resistant to desiccation. We also evaluated gene expression of emerging male and female adult flies using RNA-Seq. While more genes were down-regulated in prickly pear fruit than up-regulated in both sexes, the sexes did differ in expression patterns. The majority of the genes that were preferentially expressed comparing prickly pear fruit vs cactus underlie metabolism. Genes involved with carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, as well as with the amino acid serine, and their relationship to growth and development reflect the ways in which these dietary differences affect the flies.

opencc-zeroDec 2017View details →
dryad32/100

Dietary shifts may underpin the recovery of a large carnivore population

<p>Supporting the recovery of large carnivores is a popular yet challenging endeavour. Estuarine crocodiles in Australia are a large carnivore conservation success story, with the population having extensively recovered from past heavy exploitation. Here, we explored if dietary changes had accompanied this large population recovery by comparing the isotopes <em>δ</em><sup>13</sup>C and <em>δ</em><sup>15</sup>N in bones of crocodiles sampled 40 to 55 years ago (small population) with bones from contemporary individuals (large population). We found that <em>δ</em><sup>13</sup>C and <em>δ</em><sup>15</sup>N values were significantly lower in contemporary crocodiles compared to the historical cohort, inferring a shift in prey preference away from marine and into terrestrial food webs. We propose that an increase in intraspecific competition within the recovering crocodile population, alongside an increased abundance of feral ungulates occupying the floodplains, may have resulted in the crocodile population shifting to feed predominantly upon terrestrial food sources. The number of feral pigs consumed to sustain and grow crocodile biomass may help suppress pig population growth and increase the flow of terrestrially derived nutrients into aquatic ecosystems. The study highlights the significance of prey availability in contributing to large carnivore population recovery. </p>

opencc-zeroMar 2022View details →

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