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64 results for “Diffusion Tensor Imaging”
Fig. 2. A in Microstructural Impact of Ischemia and Bone Marrow-Derived Cell Therapy Revealed With Diffusion Tensor Magnetic Resonance Imaging Tractography of the Heart In Vivo
Fig. 2. A picture of four male - female pairs of Amblyomma variegatum attached on a cow examined during this survey. © Anne Laudisoit.
Fig. 1 in Microstructural Impact of Ischemia and Bone Marrow-Derived Cell Therapy Revealed With Diffusion Tensor Magnetic Resonance Imaging Tractography of the Heart In Vivo
Fig. 1. Map of Kisangani and Major transhumance routes from probable departure location to Kisangani city, DR Congo.
Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) in Infants With Krabbe Disease
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00787865. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 2.
Tractography and Diffusion Tensor Imaging of the Human Spinal Cord in Healthy Subjects : Anatomical Atlas
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT05079945. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Comparison of Intramuscular Distribution of Different Injection Volumes Via Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI)
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01162291. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 5.
Data from: Delay of gratification is associated with white matter connectivity in the dorsal prefrontal cortex: a diffusion tensor imaging study in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes)
Individual variability in delay of gratification (DG) is associated with a number of important outcomes in both non-human and human primates. Using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), this study describes the relationship between probabilistic estimates of white matter tracts projecting from the caudate to the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and DG abilities in a sample of 49 captive chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes). After accounting for time between collection of DTI scans and DG measurement, age and sex, higher white matter connectivity between the caudate and right dorsal PFC was found to be significantly associated with the acquisition (i.e. training phase) but not the maintenance of DG abilities. No other associations were found to be significant. The integrity of white matter connectivity between regions of the striatum and the PFC appear to be associated with inhibitory control in chimpanzees, with perturbations on this circuit potentially leading to a variety of maladaptive outcomes. Additionally, results have potential translational implications for understanding the pathophysiology of a number of psychiatric and clinical outcomes in humans.
Non-human primate white matter development during the first year of life as assessed by diffusion tensor imaging and quantitative relaxometry
<p>In this project, we use diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and quantitative relaxometry (QR) metrics to assess longitudinal changes in white matter (WM) throughout the postnatal rhesus macaque brain across the first year of life. DTI and QR metrics are measured at 3, 7, 13, 25, and 53 weeks of age in each of 35 non-human primates (NHPs) in this sample, for a total 175 datapoints (i.e., scans). Leveraging a previously published NHP WM atlas (Adluru et al., 2012; Zakszewski et al., 2014), we assess WM microstructure in 76 WM regions across the brain. DTI metrics include fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), radial diffusivity (RD), and axial diffusivity (AD); the QR metric assessed is the longitudinal relaxation rate (qR<sub>1</sub>). These longitudinal data enable the direct comparison of DTI and QR metrics in very early life on a within-subject level, as well as robust, multimodal modeling of WM growth in infancy, providing insights into early postnatal neurodevelopment that may have important implications neuropsychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders in childhood.</p>
Fig. 3 in Microstructural Impact of Ischemia and Bone Marrow-Derived Cell Therapy Revealed With Diffusion Tensor Magnetic Resonance Imaging Tractography of the Heart In Vivo
Fig. 3. Amblyomma variegatum female before engorgement
Data from: Validation of diffusion tensor imaging measures of nigrostriatal neurons in macaques
Objective: Interpretation of diffusion MRI in the living brain requires validation against gold standard histological measures. We compared diffusion values of the nigrostriatal tract to PET and histological results in non-human primates (NHPs) with varying degrees of unilateral nigrostriatal injury induced by MPTP, a toxin selective for dopaminergic neurons. Methods: Sixteen NHPs had MRI and PET scans of three different presynaptic radioligands and blinded video-based motor ratings before and after unilateral carotid artery infusion of variable doses of MPTP. Diffusion measures of connections between midbrain and striatum were calculated. Then animals were euthanized to quantify striatal dopamine concentration, stereologic measures of striatal tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) immunostained fiber density and unbiased stereologic counts of TH stained nigral cells. Results: Diffusion measures correlated with MPTP dose, nigral TH-positive cell bodies and striatal TH-positive fiber density but did not correlate with in vitro nigrostriatal terminal field measures or in vivo PET measures of striatal uptake of presynaptic markers. Once nigral TH cell count loss exceeded 50% the stereologic terminal field measures reached a near zero floor effect but the diffusion measures continued to correlate with nigral cell counts. Conclusion: Diffusion measures in the nigrostriatal tract correlate with nigral dopamine neurons and striatal fiber density, but have the same relationship to terminal field measures as a previous report of striatal PET measures of presynaptic neurons. These diffusion measures have the potential to act as non-invasive index of the severity of nigrostriatal injury. Diffusion imaging of the nigrostriatal tract could potentially have diagnostic value in humans with Parkinson disease or related disorders.
Diffusion Tensor Imaging of the Median Nerve Before and After Carpal Tunnel Corticosteroid Injection in Patients With Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: Feasibility Study
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03299361. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 0. Publications: 12.
MRI Volumetry and Diffusion Tensor Imaging in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT07384351. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 0. Publications: 3.
Diffusion Tensor Imaging of Myelopathy
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03665935. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 0. Publications: 1.
Data from: Validation of diffusion tensor imaging measures of nigrostriatal neurons in macaques
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Data from: Diffusion tensor imaging of dolphin brains reveals direct auditory pathway to temporal lobe
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Non-human primate white matter development during the first year of life as assessed by diffusion tensor imaging and quantitative relaxometry
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Data from: Delay of gratification is associated with white matter connectivity in the dorsal prefrontal cortex: a diffusion tensor imaging study in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes)
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Progression of white matter degeneration in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: A diffusion tensor imaging study
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Data from: Diffusion tensor imaging in patients with glioblastoma multiforme using the supertoroidal model
Purpose: Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) is a powerful imaging technique that has led to improvements in the diagnosis and prognosis of cerebral lesions and neurosurgical guidance for tumor resection. Traditional tensor modeling, however, has difficulties in differentiating tumor-infiltrated regions and peritumoral edema. Here, we describe the supertoroidal model, which incorporates an increase in surface genus and a continuum of toroidal shapes to improve upon the characterization of Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Materials and Methods: DTI brain datasets of 18 individuals with GBM and 18 normal subjects were acquired using a 3T scanner. A supertoroidal model of the diffusion tensor and two new diffusion tensor invariants, one to evaluate diffusivity, the toroidal volume (TV), and one to evaluate anisotropy, the toroidal curvature (TC), were applied and evaluated in the characterization of GBM brain tumors. TV and TC were compared with the mean diffusivity (MD) and fractional anisotropy (FA) indices inside the tumor, surrounding edema, as well as contralateral to the lesions, in the white matter (WM) and gray matter (GM). Results: The supertoroidal model enhanced the borders between tumors and surrounding structures, refined the boundaries between WM and GM, and revealed the heterogeneity inherent to tumor-infiltrated tissue. Both MD and TV demonstrated high intensities in the tumor, with lower values in the surrounding edema, which in turn were higher than those of unaffected brain parenchyma. Both TC and FA were effective in revealing the structural degradation of WM tracts. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that the supertoroidal model enables effective tensor visualization as well as quantitative scalar maps that improve the understanding of the underlying tissue structure properties. Hence, this approach has the potential to enhance diagnosis, preoperative planning, and intraoperative image guidance during surgical management of brain lesions.
Data from: Diffusion tensor imaging reveals diffuse white matter injuries in locked-in syndrome patients
Locked-in syndrome (LIS) is a state of quadriplegia and anarthria with preserved consciousness, which is generally triggered by a disruption of specific white matter fiber tracts, following a lesion in the ventral part of the pons. However, the impact of focal lesions on the whole brain white matter microstructure and structural connectivity pathways remains unknown. We used diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging (DT-MRI) and tract-based statistics to characterise the whole white matter tracts in seven consecutive LIS patients, with ventral pontine injuries but no significant supratentorial lesions detected with morphological MRI. The imaging was performed in the acute phase of the disease (26 ± 13 days after the accident). DT-MRI-derived metrics were used to quantitatively assess global white matter alterations. All diffusion coefficient Z-scores were decreased for almost all fiber tracts in all LIS patients, with diffuse white matter alterations in both infratentorial and supratentorial areas. A mixture model of two multidimensional Gaussian distributions was fitted to cluster the white matter fiber tracts studied in two groups: the least (group 1) and most injured white matter fiber tracts (group 2). The greatest injuries were revealed along pathways crossing the lesion responsible for the LIS: left and right medial lemniscus (98.4% and 97.9% probability of belonging to group 2, respectively), left and right superior cerebellar peduncles (69.3% and 45.7% probability) and left and right corticospinal tract (20.6% and 46.5% probability). This approach demonstrated globally compromised white matter tracts in the acute phase of LIS, potentially underlying cognitive deficits.
Diffusion Tensor Imaging in Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy (PIDC)
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03460951. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
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