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FIGURE 12 in A remarkable new species of Davilla Vand. (Dilleniaceae, Dolicocarpoideae) from the Brazilian Savanna supported by morphological and anatomical data

FIGURE 12. Cross-section of the leaf blade of Davilla elliptica (a–d), D. grandiflora (e–h), and D. pygmaea M.J. Silva (i–l), submitted to histochemical tests a–c, g, h, i, j–l petiole. d–f. midrib. Histochemical tests: a, e, i and j. acidic lipids indicated by *, and a green-blue color. b–d, f–h, k and l total lipids stained red-orange indicated by * and arrowheads. See lipid droplet indicated by an arrowhead in b and the intense cuticle coloration in b, f, k and l; note the deposition of lipids on the cell walls of idioblasts and endodermis cells. c = cuticle. co = collenchyma. ep = epidermis. en = endodermis. fi = fibers. pa = parenchyma. ph = phloem. sc = sclereids. vb = vascular bundle. xy = xylem. asterisks = idioblasts. arrows = Casparian strip. Scales: c, e, i and k = 200 µm. a, b, d, f-h, j and l = 50 µm.

FIGURE 11 in A remarkable new species of Davilla Vand. (Dilleniaceae, Dolicocarpoideae) from the Brazilian Savanna supported by morphological and anatomical data

FIGURE 11. Cross-sections of the leaf blades of Davilla elliptica (a–d), D. grandiflora (e–h), and D. pygmaea M.J. Silva (i–l), submitted to histochemical tests. a, c, e and k petiole. b, f, g, i and j midrib. d, h and l leaf blade. Histochemical tests: a positive reaction for phenolic compounds in tissues, indicated by an arrowhead, *, and black color; note the presence of phenolic compounds in the endodermal cells, and in the idioblast secretions. b–l. starch grains in the tissues; note the presence of starch grains in the endodermis adjacent to the vascular system in b, c, g, i and k. ep = epidermis. en = endodermis. fi = fibers. pa = parenchyma. ph = phloem. pp = palisade parenchyma. sc = sclereids. sp = spongy parenchyma. vb = vascular bundle. xy = xylem. asterisks = idioblasts. arrows = Caspary strip. Scales: i = 500 μm; b = 200 µm. a, c–h and j–l = 50 µm.

FIGURE 9 in A remarkable new species of Davilla Vand. (Dilleniaceae, Dolicocarpoideae) from the Brazilian Savanna supported by morphological and anatomical data

FIGURE 9. Cross sections of the leaf blades of Davilla elliptica (a–e), D. grandiflora (f–j), and D. pygmaea (k–p): a, f and k general aspect of the leaf blade. b, g, l and m. detail of the leaf blade. c, d, h, i, n and o detail of the epidermis, trichomes, palisade and spongy parenchyma, and vascular bundles. e, j and p. leaf margins. c = cuticle. ep = epidermis. pp = palisade parenchyma. sp = spongy parenchyma. tr = trichome. vb = vascular bundle. black arrowhead = stomata. asterisks = idioblasts. Scale: a, e, f, j, k and p = 200 μm; b-d, g-i and l-o = 50 μm.

FIGURE 10 in A remarkable new species of Davilla Vand. (Dilleniaceae, Dolicocarpoideae) from the Brazilian Savanna supported by morphological and anatomical data

FIGURE 10. Cross-section of the leaf blades of Davilla elliptica (a–e), D. grandiflora (f–j), and D. pygmaea M.J. Silva (k–o), submitted to histochemical tests. a, d, j, l, n and o petiole. b, e, f, h, i and k. midrib. c, g and m leaf blade. Histochemical tests: a, b, f–h, k and l. Total alkaloids in tissues (indicated by the arrowhead and black color); note the presence of alkaloids in the parenchymatic cells of the pith, parenchyma rays and chlorophyllian parenchyma. c, d, i, m and n. positive reaction for phenolic compounds in tissues (indicated by the arrowhead and black color); note the presence of phenolic compounds in the endodermis cells in d, and in the idioblast secretions in n. e, j and o positive reaction for lignin; note the intense pink color of the fibers, xylem cells, and sclereids. ep = epidermis. en = endodermis. fi = fibers. pa = parenchyma. ph = phloem. pp = palisade parenchyma. sc = sclereids. vb = vascular bundle. xy = xylem. asterisks = idioblasts. arrows = Caspary strip. Scales: i = 500 μm; c, g, k, m and o = 200 µm. a, b, d, e, f, h, j, l and n = 50 µm.

FIGURE 8 in A remarkable new species of Davilla Vand. (Dilleniaceae, Dolicocarpoideae) from the Brazilian Savanna supported by morphological and anatomical data

FIGURE 8. Cross sections of the midribs of Davilla elliptica (a–f), D. grandiflora (g–l), and D. pygmaea (m–r): a, g and m general aspect of the midrib. b, h and n general aspect of the adaxial surface. c, f, i and o general aspect of the abaxial surface. d, j and p detail of the larger vascular bundle. e, k, l and q details of the fibers, idioblasts, phloem, endodermis, sclereids, and xylem. r pith. c = cuticle. co = collenchyma. ep = epidermis. fi = fibers. en = endodermis. pa = parenchyma. ph = phloem. pi = pith. ra = raphide. sc = sclereids. tr = trichome. xy = xylem. asterisks = idioblasts. arrows = Casparian strip. Scale: a, g and m = 500 μm; d, j and p = 200 μm; b, c, e, f, h, i, k, l, n, o, q and r = 50 μm.

FIGURE 7 in A remarkable new species of Davilla Vand. (Dilleniaceae, Dolicocarpoideae) from the Brazilian Savanna supported by morphological and anatomical data

FIGURE 7. Cross-section of the petioles of Davilla elliptica (a–g), D. grandiflora (h–n) and D. pygmaea (o–u): h and o general aspect of the petiole. b, i and p general aspect of the adaxial surface. c, j and q general aspect of the abaxial surface. d, k and r. detail of the largest vascular bundle. e, l and s. details of the fibers, phloem, endodermis, and xylem. f, m and t lateral projections, note the accessory vascular bundles and their orientations. g, n and u accessory vascular bundles. c = cuticle. co = collenchyma. en = endodermis. ep = epidermis. fi = fibers. pa = parenchyma. ph = phloem. sc = sclereids. tr = trichome. vb = vascular bundle. xy = xylem. asterisks = idioblasts. arrows = Casparian strip. Scale: a, h and o = 500 μm; d, f, k, m, r and t = 200 μm; b, c, e, g, i, j, l, n, p, q, s and u = 50 μm.

FIGURE 5. Davilla grandiflora A in A remarkable new species of Davilla Vand. (Dilleniaceae, Dolicocarpoideae) from the Brazilian Savanna supported by morphological and anatomical data

FIGURE 5. Davilla grandiflora A. St.-Hil. & Tul. a habit. b fruiting branch and foliage. c. fruits. Photographs provided by Marcelo F. Simon.

FIGURE 6 in A remarkable new species of Davilla Vand. (Dilleniaceae, Dolicocarpoideae) from the Brazilian Savanna supported by morphological and anatomical data

FIGURE 6. Davilla nitida (Vahl) Kubitzki. a fertile branch, note the effuse and conspicuously ramified inflorescence. b flowering branch. c flower in frontal view. d fruiting branch. Photographs provided by Maurício Mercadante.

FIGURE 4. Davilla elliptica A in A remarkable new species of Davilla Vand. (Dilleniaceae, Dolicocarpoideae) from the Brazilian Savanna supported by morphological and anatomical data

FIGURE 4. Davilla elliptica A. St.-Hil. a flowering branch, note the reddish and sericeous young branches. b flower in frontal view. c bee Apis mellifera visiting the flower. d detail of flowers in frontal view, note the two free carpels. e open fruits, note the glossy black seeds with white arils. Photograph c provided by Carolyn E. Barnes Proença, the others by Maurício Mercadante.

FIGURE 2. Davilla pygmaea M. J. Silva. a habit. b in A remarkable new species of Davilla Vand. (Dilleniaceae, Dolicocarpoideae) from the Brazilian Savanna supported by morphological and anatomical data

FIGURE 2. Davilla pygmaea M. J. Silva. a habit. b detail of an inflorescence. c general aspect of the plant in frontal view, note the ascending leaves. Images a and b provided by Marcelo F. Simon, c, by M.J. Silva.

FIGURE 3 in A remarkable new species of Davilla Vand. (Dilleniaceae, Dolicocarpoideae) from the Brazilian Savanna supported by morphological and anatomical data

FIGURE 3. Distribution of Davilla pygmaea M. J. Silva. a Map of Brazil, highlighting Goiás State in gray. b Map of Goiás State, its limits, and elevational variations. Abbreviations for the states: BA, Bahia; GO, Goiás; MG, Minas Gerais; MS, Mato Grosso do Sul; MT, Mato Grosso; TO, Tocantins; and DF, Federal District of Brazil.

FIGURE 1. Davilla pygmaea M. J. Silva. a habit. b in A remarkable new species of Davilla Vand. (Dilleniaceae, Dolicocarpoideae) from the Brazilian Savanna supported by morphological and anatomical data

FIGURE 1. Davilla pygmaea M. J. Silva. a habit. b detail of adaxial surface of the leaves showing the venation, apex, and margins. c detail of abaxial surface of the leaves showing the venation, apex, and margins. d and e bracts on ventral side, note the indumented upper third. f inflorescence. g flower. h frontal view of a flower, with one inner sepal removed. i-k external sepals. l and m internal sepals. n petals. o stamen. p dorsal surface of the anthers. q detail of one of the carpels. r stigma detail. (Images by Cristiano Gualberto, from the holotype).

FIGURE 4 in DNA profiles to identify Dillenia species (Dilleniaceae) in Thailand

FIGURE 4. The phylogenetic tree with bootstrap support levels from psbA-trnH spacer sequences of 13 species and the Dillenia sp. by MEGA6.

FIGURE 2. The dendrogram constructed from RAPD bands from 14 in DNA profiles to identify Dillenia species (Dilleniaceae) in Thailand

FIGURE 2. The dendrogram constructed from RAPD bands from 14 primers in 28 individuals of 14 species and of the Dillenia sp. by NTSYS-pc version 2.1 UPGMA.

FIGURE 1. The 13 in DNA profiles to identify Dillenia species (Dilleniaceae) in Thailand

FIGURE 1. The 13 identified Dillinia species and one unidentified species, namely Dillenia aurea (A,B), D. excelsa (C,D), D. grandifolia (E), D. hookeri (F), D. indica (G,H), D. obovata (I), D. ovata (J,K), D. parviflora (L,M), D. pentagyna (N,O), D. philippinensis (P,Q), D. pulchella (R,S), D. reticulata (T,U), D. suffruticosa (V,W), and Dillenia sp. (X,Y).

FIGURE 3 in DNA profiles to identify Dillenia species (Dilleniaceae) in Thailand

FIGURE 3. The phylogenetic tree with bootstrap support levels from rbcL gene sequences of 13 species and of the Dillenia sp. by MEGA6.