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69 results for “Dinophyceae”
Figs 1A–H. Achradina pulchra. A–B in Achradina pulchra, a Unique Dinoflagellate (Amphilothales, Dinophyceae) with a Radiolarian-like Endoskeleton of Celestite (Strontium Sulfate)
Figs 1A–H. Achradina pulchra. A–B – Light micrographs of the isolated cells of Achradina pulchra for PCR analysis from the SW Atlantic (São Sebastião Channel). C–D – Other cells from the same sample. Note that the skeleton is internal. E–G – Scanning electron micrographs of the skeleton from the NE Atlantic (Seine and Sedlo Seamounts). H – X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) spectrum of the endoskeleton. Scale bars: 5 µm.
Fig. 2 in Achradina pulchra, a Unique Dinoflagellate (Amphilothales, Dinophyceae) with a Radiolarian-like Endoskeleton of Celestite (Strontium Sulfate)
Fig. 2. Bayesian phylogenetic tree of dinoflagellate SSU rDNA sequences, based on 1,610 aligned positions. Names in bold represent sequences obtained in this study. The clades containing sequences of the symbionts of acantharians and polycystine radiolarians are highlighted in shaded boxes. Numbers at nodes are bootstrap values (values <50 are omitted). The scale bar represents the number of substitutions for a unit branch length.
Fig. 3 in Molecular Phylogeny of the Marine Planktonic Dinoflagellate Oxytoxum and Corythodinium (Peridiniales, Dinophyceae)
Fig. 3. Maximum Likelihood (ML) phylogenetic tree of Oxytoxum scolopax and Corythodinium spp. with other dinoflagellates inferred from SSU rDNA sequences based on 1,654 aligned positions. The species newly sequenced in this study are highlighted in bold. The numbers at each node represent bootstrap support (only values above 50% are indicated). The scale bar represents inferred evolutionary distance in substitutions/site.
Figure S1 in Molecular Phylogeny of the Marine Planktonic Dinoflagellate Oxytoxum and Corythodinium (Peridiniales, Dinophyceae)
Figure S1. Light micrographs of isolated cells of Oxytoxum and Corythodinium for molecular analysis.
Figs 2A–N in Molecular Phylogeny of the Marine Planktonic Dinoflagellate Oxytoxum and Corythodinium (Peridiniales, Dinophyceae)
Figs 2A–N. Light micrographs of Oxytoxum and Corythodinium from Brazil. A – Oxytoxum scolopax, isolated cell FG11. B – O. scolopax and C. tessellatum. C–D – C. tessellatum. C – Isolated cell FG9. E–H – Dividing cells of C. tessellatum. H – Isolated cell FG40. I – C. tessellatum and C. constrictum. J – Diving cells of C. constrictum. K–L – Corythodinium frenguellii. K – Isolated cell FG7. L – Isolated cell FG8. M–N – C. cristatum from the open South Atlantic Ocean, isolated cell FG28. M – The inset focuses on the antapical spine. Scale bars: 20 µm.
Figs 1A–O in Molecular Phylogeny of the Marine Planktonic Dinoflagellate Oxytoxum and Corythodinium (Peridiniales, Dinophyceae)
Figs 1A–O. Light micrographs of Oxytoxum and Corythodinium from the Mediterranean Sea. A–E – O. scolopax from Banyuls sur Mer. B–C, E, J – Epifluorescence microscopy. B, E, J – Note the autofluorescence of the chloroplasts. C – Nucleus stained by DAPI. F – Dividing cells of O. sceptrum. G–H – C. constrictum from Villefranche sur Mer. I–L – C. tessellatum from Banyuls sur Mer. K–L – Empty thecae. M – C. frenguellii from Villefranche sur Mer. N–O – C. cristatum from Villefranche sur Mer. The insets show the antapical spine. n – nucleus. Scale bars: 20 µm.
Fig. 4 in Phylogeny and Synonymy of Gyrodinium heterostriatum comb. nov. (Dinophyceae), a Common Unarmored Dinoflagellate in the World Oceans
Fig. 4. Phylogenetic tree based on LSU rRNA gene sequences, showing the position of the sequence of Gymnodinium heterostriatum/ striatissimum by Maximum Likelihood (ML). The new sequence is indicated in bold face. Numbers near branches denote ML bootstrap probability value. The geographic origin is placed between brackets. Bootstrap values <70 are omitted. Scale bar denotes 0.05 substitutions per site.
Fig. 3 in Phylogeny and Synonymy of Gyrodinium heterostriatum comb. nov. (Dinophyceae), a Common Unarmored Dinoflagellate in the World Oceans
Fig. 3. Phylogenetic tree based on SSU rRNA gene sequences, showing the position of the sequences of Gymnodinium heterostriatum/ striatissimum by Maximum Likelihood (ML). The new sequences are indicated in bold face. Numbers near branches denote ML bootstrap probability value. Bootstrap values <70 are omitted. The geographic origin is placed between brackets. Scale bar denotes 0.02 substitutions per site.
Fig. 1 in Phylogeny and Synonymy of Gyrodinium heterostriatum comb. nov. (Dinophyceae), a Common Unarmored Dinoflagellate in the World Oceans
Fig. 1. Map of the sampling stations in the North Sea during the JERICO-NEXT LifeWatch research cruise in May 2019.
Fig. 3 in Molecular Phylogeny of the Sand-dwelling Dinoflagellate Planodinium striatum and Chrysodinium gen. nov. for Plagiodinium ballux (Dinophyceae)
Fig. 3. Line drawings of the plate arrangement of Planodinium striatum (A–C), Plagiodinium belizeanum (D–F) and Chrysodinium ballux gen. nov. & comb. nov. (=Plagiodinium ballux) (G–I). Left lateral (A), right lateral (B), apical (C) views of Planodinium striatum redrawn from Hoppenrath et al. (2014). Left lateral (D), right lateral (E) and apical (F) views of Plagiodinium belizeanum redrawn from Wakeman et al. (2018). Left lateral (G), ventral (H) and apical (I) views of Chrysodinium ballux gen. & comb. nov. redrawn from Yamada et al. (2018) with a re-interpreted tabulation.
Fig. 1 in Molecular Phylogeny of the Sand-dwelling Dinoflagellate Planodinium striatum and Chrysodinium gen. nov. for Plagiodinium ballux (Dinophyceae)
Fig. 1. Light (A–M) and scanning electron microscopy (N–O) images of Planodinium striatum isolated in June 2012 at Wimereux, France. (A–B) A cell in left lateral and dorsal views. Asterisk (*) indicates the pusule. (C–M) Different views of another cell. The arrows indicate hypothecal plates. (N) Cell in ventro-left lateral view. (O) Another cell in left lateral view. The arrowheads indicate the trichocysts. The inset shows a large pore surrounded by several small pores. Scale bar = 10 μm.
Fig.4 in Bumps on the back: An unusual morphology in phylogenetically distinct Peridinium aff. cinctum (= Peridinium tuberosum; Peridiniales, Dinophyceae)
Fig.4 Cells with bulges of strain GeoM*979. a‒d Light microscopy, e‒j scanning electron microscopy; bulges are indicated by arrows. a‒b Different shapes and colours of cells with two bulges on hypotheca. c Vital cell with bulges on epi- and hypotheca. d Necrotic cell with bulges on epi- and hypotheca. e Dorsal view with prominent bulges on hypotheca and possibly smaller bulges on epitheca. f Right lateral view with bulge on hypotheca. g Antapical view with prominent bulge on plate 2′′′′ and smaller bulge on plate 5′′′. h Apical view of a cell with bulge on plate 4′. j Lateral view of a cell with bulges on epiand hypotheca. Plate labelling follows the Kofoidean notation, n′: apical plate; n′′: precingular plate; n′′′: postcingular plate; n′′′′: antapical plate; na: anterior intercalary plate. Scale bar=10 µm
Fig. 3 in Bumps on the back: An unusual morphology in phylogenetically distinct Peridinium aff. cinctum (= Peridinium tuberosum; Peridiniales, Dinophyceae)
Fig. 3 Developmental stages of strain GeoM*979. a‒d, f‒g Light microscopy, e scanning electron microscopy. a Two thecate cells enclosed in the parental theca. b Opened theca, ventral view, note that opening starts from the dorsal part of the cell and the lid composed of the plates 3′, 1a‒3a, 3′′‒5′′. c Two connected, swimming cells. d Two connected, immotile cells enclosed in the parental thecae. e Coccoid cell. f Opened theca, dorsal view, note that a ventral lid is removed and the dorsal part still connected to the hypotheca. g Coccoid cell. Plate labelling follows the Kofoidean notation, n′: apical plate; n′′: precingular plate; na: anterior intercalary plate. Scale bar= 10 µm
Fig. 1 in Bumps on the back: An unusual morphology in phylogenetically distinct Peridinium aff. cinctum (= Peridinium tuberosum; Peridiniales, Dinophyceae)
Fig. 1 The original material of Peridinium tuberosum. Numbers indicated by Meunier (1919) follow: (23) Ventral view with sulcus extending onto the epitheca (similar to Peridinium cinctum but different from Peridinium gatunense). (24) Dorsal view. (25) Apical view with asymmetrical epithecal plate pattern (similar to P. cinctum). (26) Antapical view. (27) Right lateral view with a slight tilt towards the front. Note the bulges on the posterior end of the cell in 23‒24, 26‒27, which are distinctive traits of P. tuberosum
Fig. 2 in Morphological and molecular variability of Peridinium volzii Lemmerm. (Peridiniaceae, Dinophyceae) and its relevance for infraspecific taxonomy
Fig. 2 Box plots displaying correlations between cell size (of motile cells; A, B) or side length (of empty thecate cells; C) in selected strains. Colours correspond to the ribotype of each strain (blue: ribotype I; magenta: ribotype II; orange: ribotype III). Statistically significant clusters are indicated with letters a, b and c and were calculated with Tukey's Honest Significant Difference (HSD) test (p-values <0.05). Box plots depict percentile values from 25–75% (box), median (bar inside the box), standard deviation (whiskers) and outliers (dots)
Fig. 2 in Bumps on the back: An unusual morphology in phylogenetically distinct Peridinium aff. cinctum (= Peridinium tuberosum; Peridiniales, Dinophyceae)
Fig. 2 Flagellated cells of strain GeoM*979. a‒f Light microscopy, g‒m scanning electron microscopy, a‒d images taken from the same cell. a Dorsal view. b‒c Chloroplasts (as inferred from autofluorescence) at two different focal planes, note the space occupied by the nucleus. d Cell nucleus with chromosomes (as inferred from astra blue staining). e Ventral view of living cell. f Empty theca (mirrored) portraying cellular plates on the ventral side. g Apical view. h Dorsal view. j Ventral view. k Antapical view. l Right lateral view. m Left lateral view. Plate labelling follows the Kofoidean notation, n′: apical plate; n′′: precingular plate; n′′′; postcingular plate; n′′′′: antapical plate; na: anterior intercalary plate; sp: posterior sulcal plate. Scale bar= 10 µm
◂Fig. 6 A molecular phylogeny of 56 systematically representative Peridiniaceae, including 42 accessions assignable to P. cinctum from various geographic regions. Maximum likelihood tree (– ln = 21,884.93), as inferred from a rRNA nucleotide alignment (1137 parsimony-informative sites) and with strain number information. Numbers on branches are ML bootstrap (above) and Bayesian support values (below) for the clusters (asterisks indicate maximal support values, values under 50 and 0.90, respectively, are not shown). Clades are indicated (CZE Czech Republic, E East, GER Germany, HET Heterocapsaceae, N North, PPE Protoperidiniaceae, POL Poland, rbn ribotype n, S South, SWE Sweden, UKR Ukraine, W West) in Bumps on the back: An unusual morphology in phylogenetically distinct Peridinium aff. cinctum (= Peridinium tuberosum; Peridiniales, Dinophyceae)
◂Fig. 6 A molecular phylogeny of 56 systematically representative Peridiniaceae, including 42 accessions assignable to P. cinctum from various geographic regions. Maximum likelihood tree (– ln = 21,884.93), as inferred from a rRNA nucleotide alignment (1137 parsimony-informative sites) and with strain number information. Numbers on branches are ML bootstrap (above) and Bayesian support values (below) for the clusters (asterisks indicate maximal support values, values under 50 and 0.90, respectively, are not shown). Clades are indicated (CZE Czech Republic, E East, GER Germany, HET Heterocapsaceae, N North, PPE Protoperidiniaceae, POL Poland, rbn ribotype n, S South, SWE Sweden, UKR Ukraine, W West)
◂Fig. 1 Morphology of thecate and coccoid cells, with labelled thecal plates. a–c, i, m Light microscopy, d–h, k–l scanning electron microscopy. a Ventral view of strain GeoM*788; b dorsal view of strain GeoM*793; c apical view of strain GeoK*044; d ventral view of strain GeoK*037; e dorsal view of strain GeoM*788; f apical view of strain GeoK*024, with the dehiscence of epithecal opening indicated by a blue line; g antapical view of strain GeoK*044; h leftlateral view of strain GeoM*866; i motile cell of strain GeoK*037; k–m coccoid cells showing variability in shape and size of strains k GeoM*866, l GeoM*793 and m GeoK*024. Abbreviations: n′: apical plate, n′′: precingular plate, n′′′: postcingular plate, n′′′′: antapical plate, na: anterior intercalary plate, nC: cingular plate, Sa: anterior sulcal plate, Sd: right sulcal plate, Sp: posterior sulcal plate. Ss: left sulcal plate. Scale bar: 10 µm. UA: 15 kV in Morphological and molecular variability of Peridinium volzii Lemmerm. (Peridiniaceae, Dinophyceae) and its relevance for infraspecific taxonomy
◂Fig. 1 Morphology of thecate and coccoid cells, with labelled thecal plates. a–c, i, m Light microscopy, d–h, k–l scanning electron microscopy. a Ventral view of strain GeoM*788; b dorsal view of strain GeoM*793; c apical view of strain GeoK*044; d ventral view of strain GeoK*037; e dorsal view of strain GeoM*788; f apical view of strain GeoK*024, with the dehiscence of epithecal opening indicated by a blue line; g antapical view of strain GeoK*044; h leftlateral view of strain GeoM*866; i motile cell of strain GeoK*037; k–m coccoid cells showing variability in shape and size of strains k GeoM*866, l GeoM*793 and m GeoK*024. Abbreviations: n′: apical plate, n′′: precingular plate, n′′′: postcingular plate, n′′′′: antapical plate, na: anterior intercalary plate, nC: cingular plate, Sa: anterior sulcal plate, Sd: right sulcal plate, Sp: posterior sulcal plate. Ss: left sulcal plate. Scale bar: 10 µm. UA: 15 kV
◂Fig. 4 A molecular tree of 51 systematically representative Peridiniaceae, including all 28 accessions assignable to P. volzii. Maximum Likelihood tree (–ln = 22,017.62), as inferred from a rRNA nucleotide alignment (1,129 parsimony-informative sites) and with strain number information. Numbers on branches are ML bootstrap (above) and Bayesian support values (below) for the clusters (asterisks indicate maximal support values, values under 50 and 0.90, respectively, are not shown). Clades are indicated (abbreviations: HET, Heterocapsaceae; PPE, Protoperidiniaceae) in Morphological and molecular variability of Peridinium volzii Lemmerm. (Peridiniaceae, Dinophyceae) and its relevance for infraspecific taxonomy
◂Fig. 4 A molecular tree of 51 systematically representative Peridiniaceae, including all 28 accessions assignable to P. volzii. Maximum Likelihood tree (–ln = 22,017.62), as inferred from a rRNA nucleotide alignment (1,129 parsimony-informative sites) and with strain number information. Numbers on branches are ML bootstrap (above) and Bayesian support values (below) for the clusters (asterisks indicate maximal support values, values under 50 and 0.90, respectively, are not shown). Clades are indicated (abbreviations: HET, Heterocapsaceae; PPE, Protoperidiniaceae)
Fig. 1. A in New record of the cold freshwater dinoflagellate Palatinus apiculatus (Dinophyceae) from the Paldang Reservoir, Korea
Fig. 1. A map of the Paldang Reservoir, Korea. A black circle represents the sampling site. Black arrows represent direction of water flow.
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