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254 results for “Discomfort”
A mechanistic account of visual discomfort
<p>Much of the neural machinery of the early visual cortex, from the extraction of local orientations to contextual modulations through lateral interactions, is thought to have developed to provide a sparse encoding of contour in natural scenes, allowing the brain to process efficiently most of the visual scenes we are exposed to. Certain visual stimuli, however, cause visual stress, a set of adverse effects ranging from simple discomfort to migraine attacks, and epileptic seizures in the extreme, all phenomena linked with an excessive metabolic demand. The theory of efficient coding suggests a link between excessive metabolic demand and images that deviate from natural statistics. Yet, the mechanisms linking energy demand and image spatial content in discomfort remain elusive. Here, we used theories of visual coding that link image spatial structure and brain activation to characterize the response to images observers reported as uncomfortable. Our biologically based neurodynamic model of the early visual cortex included excitatory and inhibitory layers to implement contextual influences. We found three clear markers of aversive images: a larger overall activation in the model, a less sparse response, and a more unbalanced distribution of activity across spatial orientations. When the ratio of excitation over inhibition was increased in the model, a phenomenon hypothesised to underlie interindividual differences in susceptibility to visual discomfort, the three markers of discomfort progressively shifted towards values typical of the response to uncomfortable stimuli. Overall, these findings propose a unifying mechanistic explanation for why there are differences between images and between observers, suggesting how visual input and idiosyncratic hyperexcitability give rise to abnormal brain responses that result in visual stress.</p>
Visual discomfort and variations in chromaticity in art and nature
<p>Visual discomfort is related to the statistical regularity of visual images. The contribution of luminance contrast to visual discomfort is well understood and can be framed in terms of a theory of efficient coding of natural stimuli, and linked to metabolic demand. While colour is important in our interaction with nature, the effect of colour on visual discomfort has received less attention. In this study, we build on the established association between visual discomfort and differences in chromaticity across space. We average the local differences in chromaticity in an image and show that this average is a good predictor of visual discomfort from the image. It accounts for part of the variance left unexplained by variations in luminance. We show that the local chromaticity difference in uncomfortable stimuli is high compared to that typical in natural scenes, except in particular infrequent conditions such as the arrangement of colourful fruits against foliage. Overall, our study discloses a new link between visual ecology and discomfort whereby discomfort arises when adaptive perceptual mechanisms are overstimulated by specific classes of stimuli rarely found in nature.</p>
Visual discomfort and variations in chromaticity in art and nature
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A mechanistic account of visual discomfort
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HypnoChild: A prospective randomized trial to reduce perioperative anxiety and postoperative discomfort in children using a hypnosis intervention before tonsillotomy and adenoidectomy
<p><strong>Introduction</strong>: Children undergoing tonsillotomy (TT) or adenoidectomy (AT) often suffer from anxiety before and pain or nausea after the procedure. Greater preoperative anxiety in children and their parents is associated with increased postoperative discomfort. The aim of the HypnoChild study is to reduce perioperative anxiety with a preoperative hypnosis intervention and thereby alleviate postoperative discomfort.</p><p><strong>Material/Methods</strong>: In a previous pilot study, we developed a narcosis comic with a little monkey as the protagonist to reduce children's preoperative anxiety. In HypnoChild, we investigated whether a hypnosis audio intervention further reduces children's perioperative anxiety. Here, the little monkey describes the surgery as an adventurous space journey. We included children 3-6 years old receiving TT or AT. 34 children prepared for surgery with the hypnosis audio intervention in addition to the comic (comic+hypnosis group), while 30 children received the comic only (comic group). All children received premedication by midazolam. We measured children's subjective well-being before and after surgery, parents' anxiety before surgery, children's anxiety during surgery, and children's postoperative pain and nausea.</p><p><strong>Results</strong>: Children showed high well-being before and after surgery in both groups. Parents' anxiety was on a moderate level in both groups. Children's anxiety was low to moderate in both groups during surgery. In the postoperative telephone interviews, children reported medium pain ratings in both groups with no significant differences in any postoperative outcome between groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion</strong>: Our study shows that all children participating in our study reported high well-being and low anxiety undergoing TT or AT. We conclude that apparently children already received adequate preoperative treatment by routine care. In future studies, it should be assessed if the combination of non-medical interventions like comic and hypnosis shows an additive effect in non-medicated children.</p><p>This research was funded by a DFG grant to Dr. Barbara Schmidt, SCHM 3129/5-1</p>
Evaluation of Systane Complete for the Treatment of Contact Lens Discomfort
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03682809. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Effect of Intravenous Dexmedetomidine on Patient Discomfort in Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy Under Spinal Anesthesia.
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04115449. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Self-Affirmation for Managing Anxiety and Perceived Discomfort in Open-Heart Surgery
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT05487430. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 41.
Treating Contact Lens Discomfort With Orthokeratology
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03566680. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Procedural Discomfort Related to Number of Intradetrusor Botox Injections
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT05652036. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Study of a New Technique to Improve the Symptoms of Orofacial Discomfort in Patients With Peripheral Facial Paralysis
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01327157. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 5.
Comparative Effectiveness of Decision Aids for Stable Chest Discomfort
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02652208. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 3.
Discomfort due to glare from a large source: Evaluating stimulus range effects when using the luminance adjustment procedure
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ANALYSIS OF the risk factors of MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS: A dataset on most challenging operations in the garments industry in Bangladesh and reported occupational discomforts by the workers.
<p>This dataset comprises the perceived most challenging operations in the garment industry and the occupational discomfort faced by the workers. Collected through participant surveys, the dataset encompasses demographic information and work related parameters.</p><p>The primary objective of this dataset is to identify and analyse the prevalence of MSDs in the most challenging operation in the garment industry. Researchers, ergonomists, and occupational health professionals can leverage this dataset to explore further for mitigating MSD risks in the industry.</p><p>This dataset can be used for finding the Ergonomic interventions and workplace improvements. It can facilitate specific interventions for solving work related diseases among the garment workers.</p><p>Anyone can use this dataset with proper citation.</p><p>Note: This dataset adheres to ethical considerations, and participant information is anonymized to ensure confidentiality.</p>
Ocular Discomfort Assessment After Intravitreal Injections
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02806830. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 8.
Preventing Catheter Related Bladder Discomfort (CRBD) With Bilateral Pudendal Nerve Block
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT05022160. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 2.
Influence of Electrode Positioning and Current Type on Fatigue, Force and Discomfort
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04200677. IPD Sharing: UNDECIDED. Countries: 1. Publications: 20.
NAtive Collagen Type II In Healthy VoluntEers With Joint Discomfort
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT05282992. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Dexmedetomidine for Catheter-related Bladder Discomfort
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01991223. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Impact of Pleural Manometry on Chest Discomfort After Therapeutic Thoracentesis
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02677883. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 2.
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