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Fig. 2 in Flight ability and dispersal of European grapevine moth gamma-irradiated males (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)

Fig. 2. Schematic representation of the vineyard and the pheromone traps positions at the experimental plot where the marked male moths were released.

Fig 1 in Flight ability and dispersal of European grapevine moth gamma-irradiated males (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)

Fig 1. Schematic representation of the flight assessment cage used to measure the flight responses of Lobesia botrana males to calling females. In the female compartment, 2-day-old virgin females were confined inside a small cylindrical plastic mesh box with a 5% sucrose-wetted wick. Males irradiated either with 150 Gy or with 350 Gy and untreated males differentially marked with variously colored fluorescent powders were introduced into the male compartment. The number of males of each of the 3 kinds that flew through the open slit at the 45 cm height [the 2 lower openings (slits) were sealed] into the female compartment were recorded at 24, 48, 72 and 96 h. Air was drawn into the female compartment and exhausted from the male compartment.

Fig. 2 in Influence of gamma-irradiation on flight ability and dispersal of Conopomorpha sinensis (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae)

Fig. 2. Numbers of adult Conopomorpha sinensis males recaptured in traps deployed at various distances (m) from the release point in 2 release/recapture experiments in a litchi orchard of the South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China. The males were either non-irradiated or irradiated either with 150 or 200 Gy. A: First release, B: Second release.

Fig. 1 in Influence of gamma-irradiation on flight ability and dispersal of Conopomorpha sinensis (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae)

Fig. 1. Survival (days) of non-irradiated Conopomorpha sinensis males either dyed with 1 of 3 different fluorescent colors or undyed (control) in the laboratory. Each treatment involved 30 males.

Fig. 3 in Influence of gamma-irradiation on flight ability and dispersal of Conopomorpha sinensis (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae)

Fig. 3. Frequency distributions of the dispersal directions of adult Conopomorpha sinensis males in 2 release/recapture experiments in a litchi orchard of the South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China. The males were either non-irradiated or irradiated either with 150 or 200 Gy. A: First release, B: Second release.

publicApr 2024View details →

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Data and code for: A supergene controlling social structure in Alpine ants also affects the dispersal ability and fecundity of each sex

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opencc-zeroFeb 2024View details →

Data for: Increasing planting density increases fruit mass and reduces the dispersal ability of a range-expanding invasive plant, Mikania micrantha

Aim: Invasive plants may evolve a suite of distinctive traits during spread in the new range. Among these traits, dispersal ability is an important trait determining the invasion speed of exotic plants. There is evidence that higher dispersal ability is favored at the invasion front, where population density may be low. However, no study has explicitly tested how planting density in a common garden affects the dispersal ability of invasive plants. Location: Hainan island of China. Methods: In this study, using 27 populations of an invasive plant, Mikania micrantha, which is expanding its range on Hainan island of China, we examine how three dispersal-related traits (i.e., dispersal ability, fruit mass, and pappus radius) change with distance from invasion centre and field population density, and how planting density in a common garden affects dispersal traits. Results: Dispersal traits did not change with distance from the invasion centre and field population cover either in the natural environment or in the common garden. In the common garden, increasing planting density from one to five plants per pot increased fruit mass and decreased dispersal ability, indicating that the effect of density on dispersal traits could not be detected in the field. The relationship between dispersal ability in the natural environment and that in the common garden was positive but significant only under the five plants per pot treatment, possibly because dispersal traits in natural conditions were selected under high density growth conditions. Main conclusions: Our results indicate that increasing population density may increase fruit mass and reduce the dispersal ability of range-expanding invasive plants. We suggest that further studies exploring the patterns of dispersal traits in range-expanding invasive plants in a common garden should consider intraspecific competition.

opencc-zeroDec 2021View details →

The ability to disperse large seeds, rather than body mass alone, defines the importance of animals in a hyper-diverse seed dispersal network

1. Large-bodied animals play irreplaceable roles in seed dispersal, partly due to their capacity to disperse large seeds. Understanding this role at a community level has been limited by the paucity of network studies that include large vertebrates, and the almost complete absence of studies including synzoochoric dispersers. Synzoochoric dispersers can disperse seeds disproportionately large for their body size, potentially overlapping the roles of large-bodied animals. A comprehensive network, inclusive of large vertebrates and synzoochorous dispersers, is imperative to understand seed dispersal at a community level. 2. Here, we analysed the seed dispersal network of a hyper-diverse Sundaic forest in Malaysia using local ecological knowledge and including multiple forms of endozoochorous and synzoochorous dispersal. We evaluated the extent to which three disperser traits: body mass, seed-handling ability (size of the largest seed dispersed), and diet explained the importance of animals in the network. We evaluated dispersers' relative importance using four network metrics — degree of specialisation (nested rank), species strength, within-module connectivity (z-value), and between-modules connectivity (c-value). 3. We found that seed-handling ability had the biggest effect on a disperser's importance, with strong effects on three network metrics (species strength, ecological specialization, z-value) and moderate effects on connectivity between modules. Body mass was important in defining interactions within modules, and dietary differences defined the ecological specialisation of species in seed dispersal. 4. Important dispersers in our network were large-seed dispersers (e.g., rats, gibbons), large-bodied animals, in particular the Asian elephant, and animals with frugivorous diets such as hornbills. 5. Synthesis. Our work uncovers the significance of seed-handling ability in identifying pivotal seed dispersal roles in tropical rainforests. Key dispersers include large-bodied herbivores and medium-sized frugivores that could disperse large seeds by endozoochory, and smaller rodents that dispersed similar-sized seeds by synzoochory. Many of the species that emerged as particularly important for the seed dispersal network are currently threatened (e.g., the Asian elephant, gibbons, and hornbills). Their protection or reintroduction should be a top conservation priority.

opencc-zeroApr 2023View details →

Dispersal ability and niche breadth influence interspecific variation in spider abundance and occupancy

The relationship between species local abundance and their regional distribution (occupancy) is one of the most extensively recognised and investigated patterns in ecology. While exceptions exist, the generally held model is that locally abundant species also tend to be more widespread geographically. However, there is only a limited understanding of both the mechanisms driving this relationship, and their scale dependency. Here we use occupancy and abundance data for 123 species of spider from across the Canary Islands to understand how both dispersal ability and niche breadth might mediate variation among species for local abundance and occupancy. We test the predictions that (i) dispersal ability explains variation among species for both abundance and occupancy, and (ii) species with a higher degree of habitat specialisation, reflecting more limited niche breadth, will have both higher occupancy and abundance. We find no evidence within habitat patches for an effect of dispersal ability on either local abundance or site occupancy, while across all patches species with higher dispersal ability tend to occupy more sites. Species largely restricted to laurel forests have higher abundance than species with broader niche breadth, but similar occupancy. The study revealed that dispersal ability and niche breadth were significant predictors of the abundance-occupancy relationship, highlighting the importance of both factors for understating patterns of abundance and occupancy among spider species.

opencc-zeroMay 2023View details →

Niche breadth explains the range size of European-centred butterflies, but dispersal ability does not

Aim: The breadth of ecological niches and dispersal abilities have long been discussed as important determinants of species' range sizes. However, studies directly comparing the relative effects of both factors are rare, taxonomically biased and revealed inconsistent results. Location: Europe. Time period: Cenozoic. Major taxa: Butterflies, Lepidoptera. Methods: We relate climate, diet, and habitat niche breadth and two indicators of dispersal ability, wingspan and a dispersal tendency index, to the global range size of 369 European-centred butterfly species. The relative effects of these five predictors and their variation across the butterfly phylogeny were assessed by means of phylogenetic generalized least squares models and phylogenetically weighted regressions, respectively. Results: Climate niche breadth was the most important single predictor, followed by habitat and diet niche breadth, while dispersal tendency and wingspan showed no relation to species' range size. All predictors together explained 59% of the variation in butterfly range size. However, the effects of each predictor varied considerably across families and genera. Main conclusions: Range sizes of European-centred butterflies are strongly correlated with ecological niche breadth but apparently independent of dispersal ability. The magnitude of range size – niche breadth relationships is not stationary across the phylogeny and is often negatively correlated across the different dimensions of the ecological niche. This variation limits the generalizability of range size–trait relationships across broad taxonomic groups.

publicJan 2026View details →

Integrating host use and dispersal ability with species delimitation to unravel a cryptic radiation of photosynthetic sea slugs

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publicApr 2023View details →

Dispersal ability and niche breadth influence interspecific variation in spider abundance and occupancy

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publicDec 2021View details →

The ability to disperse large seeds, rather than body mass alone, defines the importance of animals in a hyper-diverse seed dispersal network

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publicJun 2025View details →

Data from: High dispersal ability versus migratory traditions: Fine-scale population structure and post-glacial colonization in bar-tailed godwits

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publicApr 2021View details →

The cost of travel: how dispersal ability limits local adaptation in host-parasite interactions

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publicFeb 2024View details →

Data for: Increasing planting density increases fruit mass and reduces the dispersal ability of a range-expanding invasive plant, Mikania micrantha

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publicOct 2025View details →

Evolution of interspecific variation in marine larval dispersal kernels: The role of larval navigation ability

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