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5 results for “Double brooding”
Nest-switch and nest site selection pattern in the double-brooded Japanese tits (Parus minor)
<p><span>Most studies on nest site selection in multiple-brooded birds indicate that breeders tend to reuse the original nest site for subsequent breeding attempts within the same season. However, there are also some instances that many breeders may choose to move and build a new nest. The factors of habit</span><span>at</span><span> affecting nest switching of multiple-brooded avian species are poorly investigated. In this study, we investigated whether facultatively double-brooded Japanese tits (<em>Parus minor)</em> adapt their nest site characteristics in response to changes in environmental conditions during the second breeding attempt. Our results showed that </span><span>second breeding nest boxes of Japanese tits had lower shrub height and fewer total number of tree species, but taller </span><span>nest box height and higher </span><span>shrub density</span> <span>compared to the control nest boxes. Compared with first-breeding nest boxes, second-breeding nest boxes used by Japanese tits had lower shrub height and higher shrub density. Our results suggest</span><span>ed</span><span> that Japanese tits </span><span>selected</span> <span>nest sites for second breeding based on nest site characteristics, which may be related to food availability or predator avoidance</span><span>.</span></p>
Nest-switch and nest site selection pattern in the double-brooded Japanese tits (Parus minor)
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Data from: Double brooding in house wrens is repeatable but constrained by time-of-season
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Data from: Double brooding and offspring desertion in the barn owl (Tyto alba)
Many bird species produce two annual broods during a single breeding season. However, not all individuals reproduce twice in the same year suggesting that double brooding is condition-dependent. In contrast to most raptors and owls, the barn owl Tyto alba produces two annual clutches in most worldwide distributed populations. Nevertheless, the determinants of double brooding are still poorly studied. We performed such a study in a Swiss barn owl population monitored between 1990 and 2014. The annual frequency of double brooding varied from 0 to 14% for males and 0 to 59% for females. The likelihood of double brooding was higher when individuals initiated their first clutch early rather than late in the season and when males had few rather than many offspring at the first nest. Despite the reproductive benefits of double brooding (single- and double-brooded individuals produced 3.97 ± 0.11 and 7.07 ± 0.24 fledglings, respectively), double brooding appears to be traded off against offspring quality because at the first nest double-brooded males produced poorer quality offspring than single-brooded males. This might explain why females desert their first mate to produce a second brood with another male without jeopardizing reproductive success at the first nest. Furthermore, the reproductive cycle being very long in the barn owl (120 d from start of laying to offspring independence), selection may have favoured behaviours that accelerate the initiation of a second annual brood. Accordingly, half of the double-brooded females abandoned their young offspring to look for a new partner in order to initiate the second breeding attempt, 9.48 d earlier than when producing the second brood with the same partner. We conclude that male and female barn owls adopt different reproductive strategies. Females have more opportunities to reproduce twice in a single season than males because mothers are not strictly required during the entire rearing period in contrast to fathers. A high proportion of male floaters may also encourage females to desert their first brood to re-nest with a new male who is free of parental care duties.
Data from: Double brooding and offspring desertion in the barn owl (Tyto alba)
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