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154 results for “Drosophila development”
Figure 3 in The effect of streptomycin on survival, development, and some biochemical aspects of Drosophila melanogaster
Figure 3. Effects of dietary streptomycin on SOD enzyme activities in 3rd instar larvae, pupae, and adults of D. melanogaster. Bars represent the means of four replicates. Means followed by different letters are significantly different (p <0.05, LSD test).
Figure 2 in The effect of streptomycin on survival, development, and some biochemical aspects of Drosophila melanogaster
Figure 2. Effects of dietary streptomycin on PCO content in 3rd instar larvae, pupae, and adults of D. melanogaster. Bars represent the means of four replicates. Means followed by different letters are significantly different (p <0.05, LSD test).
(07)-Ratke2020A-DS0003 – Drosophila melanogaster w[*]; P{w[+mC]=His2Av-EGFP.C}2/SM6a line long-term live imaging dataset of embryonic development acquired with light sheet fluorescence microscopy
<p>(07)-Ratke2020A-DS0003 – <em>Drosophila melanogaster</em> w[*]; P{w[+mC]=His2Av-EGFP.C}2/SM6a line long-term live imaging dataset of embryonic development acquired with light sheet fluorescence microscopy</p>
(07)-Ratke2020A-DS0001 – Drosophila melanogaster y[1] w[67c23]; P{w[+mC]=Ubi-GFP.nls}ID-2; P{Ubi-GFP.nls}ID-3 line long-term live imaging dataset of embryonic development acquired with light sheet fluorescence microscopy
<p>(07)-Ratke2020A-DS0001 – <em>Drosophila melanogaster</em> y[1] w[67c23]; P{w[+mC]=Ubi-GFP.nls}ID-2; P{Ubi-GFP.nls}ID-3 line long-term live imaging dataset of embryonic development acquired with light sheet fluorescence microscopy</p>
Evolutionary responses of energy metabolism, development, and reproduction to artificial selection for increasing heat tolerance in Drosophila subobscura
<p><span>Adaptation to warming conditions involves increased heat tolerance and metabolic changes to reduce maintenance costs and maximize biological functions close to fitness. Evidence shows that energy metabolism evolves in response to warming conditions, but we know little about how heat stress intensity determines the evolutionary responses of metabolism and life history traits. Here, we evaluated the evolutionary responses of energy metabolism and life-history traits to artificial selection for increasing heat tolerance in Drosophila subobscura, using two protocols to measure and select heat tolerance: slow and fast ramping protocols. We found that the increase in heat tolerance was associated with reduced activity of the enzymes involved in the glucose-6-phosphate branchpoint, but no changes in the metabolic rate in selected lines. We also found that the evolution of increased heat tolerance increased the early fecundity in selected lines and increased the egg-to-adult viability only in the slow-ramping selected lines. This work shows heat tolerance can evolve under different thermal scenarios but with different evolutionary outcomes on associated traits depending on the heat stress intensity. Therefore, spatial and temporal variability of thermal stress intensity should be taken into account to understand and predict the adaptive response to ongoing and future climatic conditions.</span></p>
Glue genes are subjected to diverse selective forces in Drosophila during Drosophila development
<p>Molecular evolutionary studies usually focus on genes with clear roles in adult fitness or on developmental genes expressed at multiple time points during the life of the organism. Here, we examine the evolutionary dynamics of Drosophila glue genes, a set of eight genes tasked with a singular primary function during a specific developmental stage: the production of glue that allows animal pupa to attach to a substrate for several days during metamorphosis. Using phenotypic assays and available data from transcriptomics, PacBio genomes, and genetic variation from global populations, we explore the selective forces acting on the glue genes within the cosmopolitan <i>D. melanogaster</i> species and its five closely related species, <i>D. simulans</i>, <i>D. sechellia</i>, <i>D. mauritiana</i>, <i>D. yakuba</i>, and <i>D. teissieri</i>. We observe a three-fold difference in glue adhesion between the least and the most adhesive <i>D. melanogaster</i> strain, indicating a strong genetic component to phenotypic variation. These eight glue genes are among the most highly expressed genes in salivary glands yet they display no notable codon bias. New copies of <i>Sgs3</i> and <i>Sgs7 </i>are found in <i>D. yakuba </i>and<i> D. teissieri</i> with the <i>Sgs3</i> coding sequence evolving rapidly after duplication in the <i>D. yakuba</i> branch. Multiple sites along the various glue genes appear to be constrained. Our population genetics analysis in <i>D. melanogaster</i> suggests signs of local adaptive evolution for <i>Sgs3</i>, <i>Sgs5</i> and <i>Sgs5bis</i> and traces of recent selection for <i>Sgs1</i>, <i>Sgs3</i>, <i>Sgs7 </i>and<i> Sgs8</i>. Our work shows that stage-specific genes can be subjected to various dynamic evolutionary forces.</p>
Effects of mycotoxin treatment on fly survival, development time, thorax length, fecundity, and longevity in four mycophagous Drosophila species
<p>Many mycophagous Drosophila species have adapted to tolerate high concentrations of mycotoxins, an ability not reported in any other eukaryotes. Although an association between mycophagy and mycotoxin tolerance has been established in many Drosophila species, the genetic mechanisms of the tolerance are unknown. This study presents the inter- and intraspecific variation in the mycotoxin tolerance trait. We studied the mycotoxin tolerance in four Drosophila species from four separate clades within the immigrans-tripunctata radiation from two distinct locations. The effect of mycotoxin treatment on 20 isofemale lines per species was studied using seven gross phenotypes: survival to pupation, survival to eclosion, development time to pupation and eclosion, thorax length, fecundity, and longevity. We observed interspecific variation among four species, with D. falleni being the most tolerant, followed by D. recens, D. neotestacea, and D. tripunctata, in that order. The results also revealed geographical variation and intraspecific genetic variation in mycotoxin tolerance. This report provides the foundation for further delineating the genetic mechanisms of the mycotoxin tolerance trait.</p>
Morphodynamic atlas for Drosophila development
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Evolutionary responses of energy metabolism, development, and reproduction to artificial selection for increasing heat tolerance in Drosophila subobscura
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Data from: HIF-signaling in the prothoracic gland regulates growth and development in hypoxia but not normoxia in Drosophila
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Glue genes are subjected to diverse selective forces in Drosophila during Drosophila development
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Effects of mycotoxin treatment on fly survival, development time, thorax length, fecundity, and longevity in four mycophagous Drosophila species
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Data from: Ovary development and cold tolerance of the invasive pest Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura) in the central plains of Kansas, United States
Environmental challenges presented by temperature variation can be overcome through phenotypic plasticity in small invasive ectotherms. We tested the effect of thermal exposure to 21, 18, and 11°C throughout the whole life cycle of individuals, thermal exposure of adults reared at 25°C to 15 and 11°C for a 21-d period, and long (14:10 hr) and short (10:14 hr) photoperiod on ovary size and development in Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura) (Diptera: Drosophilidae) cultured from a recently established population in Topeka, Kansas (United States). Examination of the response to temperature and photoperiod variation in this central plains population provides insight into the role of phenotypic plasticity in a climate that is warmer than regions in North America where D. suzukii was initially established. We found both low temperature and short photoperiod resulted in reduced ovary size and level of development. In particular, reduced ovary development was observed following exposure to 15°C, indicating that ovary development in females from the central plains population is more sensitive to lower temperature compared with populations examined from the northern United States and southern Canada. We also provide evidence that D. suzukii reared at 25°C are capable of short-term hardening when exposed to −6°C following 4°C acclimation, contrary to previous reports indicating flies reared at warm temperatures do not rapidly-cold harden. Our study highlights the central role of phenotypic plasticity in response to winter-like laboratory conditions and provides an important geographic comparison to previously published assessments of ovary development and short-term hardening survival response for D. suzukii collected in cooler climates.
Evolution of mate harm resistance in females from Drosophila melanogaster populations selected for faster development and early reproduction
<p><span>These images are part of the study titled "<strong>Evolution of mate harm resistance in females from <em>Drosophila melanogaster </em>populations selected for faster development and early reproduction</strong>". The study uses thorax length of study fruit flies as a measure of body size. The images are of the individual fruit fly thorax. These images are used on ImageJ to measure thorax length. The details of the method can be found in the manuscript, which is now accepted for publication in the Journal of Evolutionary Biology. The same can also be found in a <a href="https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.12.25.521905">pre-print</a> version. </span></p> <p><span>The abstract of the article is mentioned below: </span></p> <p> </p> <p><strong><span>Abstract</span></strong></p> <p><span>Interlocus sexual conflict is predicted to result in sexually antagonistic coevolution between male competitive traits, which are also female-detrimental, and mate harm resistance (MHR) in females. Little is known about the connection between life-history evolution and sexually antagonistic coevolution. Here, we investigated the evolution of MHR in a set of experimentally evolved populations, where mate-harming ability has been shown to have substantially reduced in males as a correlated response to the selection for faster development and early reproduction. We measured mortality and fecundity of females of these populations and those of their matched controls, under different male exposure conditions. We observed that the evolved females were more susceptible to mate harm - suffering from significantly higher mortality under continuous exposure to control males within the twenty-day assay period. Though these evolved females are known to have shorter lifespan, substantially higher mortality was not observed under virgin and single-mating conditions. We used fecundity data to show that this higher mortality in the experimentally evolved females was not due to the cost of egg production, and hence can only be attributed to reduced MHR. Further analysis indicated that this decreased MHR is unlikely to be due purely to the smaller size of these females. Instead, it is more likely to be an indirect experimentally evolved response attributable to the changed breeding ecology, and/or male trait evolution. Our results underline the implications of changes in life history traits, including lifespan, to the evolution of MHR in females. </span></p>
Fitness consequences of biochemical adaptation in Drosophila melanogaster populations under simultaneous selection for faster pre-adult development and extended life-span
<p>In holometabolous insect like <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>, critical size is an important time point during larval life, for irreversible commitment to metamorphosis. Here, we studied the impact of restricted growth duration in terms of selection for faster pre-adult development in <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> populations which resulted in the evolution of reduced critical size on adult life history traits. Selection for faster pre-adult development resulted in biochemical adaptation in larval physiology with no compromise in major biomolecules at critical size time point. The flies from the selected populations seem to not only commit to metamorphosis on the attainment of critical size but also seem to channelize resources to reproduction as indicated by similar life-time fecundity of CS and NS flies from selected populations, while the Control CS flies significantly lower life-time fecundity compared to Control NS flies. The flies from selected populations seem to achieve longevity comparable to control flies despite being significantly smaller in size- thus resource constrained due to faster pre-adult development.</p>
Single-cell transcriptional atlas of the developing Drosophila visual system (V1.1)
<p>An updated version of a single-cell transcriptional atlas of the developing Drosophila visual system (V1.1): https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8097374</p> <p>Changes are described in Yoo et al. 2023 (https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.04.03.534791)</p> <pre> </pre>
Development and testing of a novel Killer-Rescue self-limiting gene drive system in Drosophila melanogaster
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Fitness consequences of biochemical adaptation in Drosophila melanogaster populations under simultaneous selection for faster pre-adult development and extended life-span
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Data from: Ovary development and cold tolerance of the invasive pest Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura) in the central plains of Kansas, United States
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Evolution of reduced minimum critical size as a response to selection for rapid pre-adult development in Drosophila melanogaster.
<p><span>Adult body size in holometabolous insects is directly proportional to the time spent during the larval period. The larval duration can be divided into two parts- (i) pre-critical duration-time required to attain a critical size/critical weight that would result in successful completion of development and metamorphosis even under non-availability of nutrition beyond the time of attainment of critical size, and (ii) post-critical duration-the time duration from attainment of critical size till pupation. It is of interest to decipher the relative contribution of the two larval growth phases (from the hatching of the egg to attainment of critical size or from the attainment of critical size to pupation- post-critical duration) to the final adult size. Many studies using <em>Drosophila melanogaster</em> have shown that, selecting populations for faster development result in the emergence of small adults. Some of these studies have indirectly reported the evolution of smaller critical size. Using two kinds of <em>D. melanogaster</em> populations, one of which is selected for faster/accelerated pre-adult development and the other their ancestral control, we demonstrate that the final adult size is determined by the time spent as larvae post the attainment of critical size despite having increased growth rate during the second larval instar. Our populations under selection for faster per-adult development are exhibiting adaptive-bail out due to intrinsic food limitation as against extrinsic food limitation in the yellow dung fly.</span></p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.