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5 results for “Dung count”
Herbivore dung and parasite counts, Ol Pejeta Conservancy and Mpala Research Centre, Kenya (2015-2018)
Data package contains two datasets of dung surveys, one dataset of parasite egg measurements, and two camera trap datasets collected from Mpala Research Centre and Ol Pejeta Conservancy, Laikipia County, Kenya from November 2015-September 2018. Datasets are provided as part of the publication `Watering sources aggregate parasites with increasing effects in more arid conditions`. Source data files for figures in the manuscript are also provided here.
Age-specific differences in Asian Elephant defecation, dung decay, detection and their implication for dung count
<p><span>In vertebrate population estimation, converting faecal density into animal density requires information on faecal production rate, decay rate, and faecal density. Differences in the above factors for long-lived species across age classes were not evaluated. We have evaluated these factors associated with the dung count of Asian elephants </span><span>(<em>Elephas maximus</em>) </span><span>in the tropical forest of Southern India. </span></p> <p><span>The defecation rate of elephants was determined in semi-wild elephants at the Mudumalai elephant camp. The relationship between dung bolus diameter and age was determined to estimate the age of the elephant. Total and age-specific elephant density based on dung bolus diameter were estimated. A total of 24 transect lines of 2-4 km (125 km) were sampled in the study area. An experiment was conducted to assess detection probability across the age classes of dung piles. The dung decay rates across age classes and seasons were determined by marking fresh dung piles (n=1551). The dung-based age structure assessment and its limitations were evaluated. </span></p> <p><span>The mean defecation rate was 13.51</span><span>±</span><span>0.51 per day. The defecation rate was significantly lower for the younger age class and increased with the age of elephants. Defecation rates were significantly lower in the wet season than in the dry. </span><span>The dung-boli diameter positively increased with the age of elephants, and the growth curve can be used to predict the age and age structure of the elephant population. </span></p> <p><span>The disparity in the dung production rate results in the lower availability of younger age class (Juvenile and calf) dung in the transect for counting, that results in lower dung abundance. The detection probability of dung piles of younger age classes was low (0.58). The survival rates of dung piles of younger age classes were lower and increased with the age of elephants in the wet season. </span><span>Hence, demography assessment of the population based on dung needs to consider age-specific differences in dung production, decay, and detection probability. Through demography assessment using dung provides insight into population age structure, it has limitations </span><span>in predicting age structure for young elephants. </span></p>
Age-specific differences in Asian Elephant defecation, dung decay, detection and their implication for dung count
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Dung counts large mammals Volcanoes NP, Rwanda, 2008 and 2021
<p class="MsoNormal">It is unclear whether the remarkable recovery of mountain gorillas (<em>Gorilla beringei) </em>in the Virunga Mountains, East Africa, that followed decades of intensive conservation efforts is indicative of positive trends in abundance and distribution of other large mammals (meso and megaherbivores). Positive population trends are particularly relevant for globally threatened elephants Loxodonta sp., as conservation and research efforts have predominantly focused on populations that range in lowland savanna ecosystems rather than the smaller but ecologically and genetically unique populations found in Virungas' montane ecosystems. We used marked pellet group counts in dung clearance plots to determine the density/abundance and distribution of three meso (buffalo, black-fronted duiker, bushbuck) and one mega (elephant) herbivores in Volcanoes National Park (VNP; covering part of the Virunga Mountains), Rwanda, in July–September 2008 and 2021. We estimated that elephants and duiker populations saw a minor increase between 2008 and 2021 while densities of buffalo and bushbuck increased substantially over the course of the past decade. Accompanying, we found no evidence of substantial distributional shifts for elephants but observed increases in densities of the other species in the southwestern parts of VNP. Overall, density estimates for all species were much higher in both 2008 and 2021 than in a previous survey in 2004, which suggests that meso and megaherbivores have largely recovered from a steep decline in numbers towards the end of the 20th century, possibly benefitting from the same protection efforts that benefitted mountain gorillas.</p>
Dung counts large mammals Volcanoes NP, Rwanda, 2008 and 2021
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