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4 results for “Eco-morphology”
Data from: Eco-morphological differentiation in Lake Magadi tilapia, an extremophile cichlid fish living in hot, alkaline and hypersaline lakes in East Africa
Ecological diversification through divergent selection is thought to be a major force during the process of adaptive radiations. However, the large sizes and complexity of most radiations such as those of the cichlids in the African Great Lakes make it impossible to infer the exact evolutionary history of any population divergence event. The genus Alcolapia, a small cichlid lineage endemic to Lakes Magadi and Natron in East Africa, exhibits phenotypes similar to some of those found in cichlids of the radiations of the African Great Lakes. The simplicity within Alcolapia makes it an excellent model system to investigate ecological diversification and speciation. We used an integrated approach including population genomics based on RAD-seq data, geometric morphometrics, and stable isotope analyses to investigate the eco-morphological diversification of tilapia in Lake Magadi and its satellite lake Little Magadi. Additionally, we reconstructed the demographic history of the species using coalescent simulations based on the joint site frequency spectrum. The population in Little Magadi has a characteristically upturned mouth - possibly an adaptation to feeding on prey from the water surface. Eco-morphological differences between populations within Lake Magadi are more subtle, but are consistent with known ecological differences between its lagoons such as high concentrations of nitrogen attributable to extensive guano deposits in Rest of Magadi relative to Fish Springs Lagoon. All populations diverged simultaneously only about 1,100 generations ago. Differences in levels of gene flow between populations and the effective population sizes have likely resulted in the inferred heterogeneous patterns of genome-wide differentiation.
Data For: Ornamentation diversified faster than eco-morphology across Nearctic dragonflies
<p>A major goal of biology is to understand the origins and maintenance of phenotypic differences between closely related species. Eco-morphology and ornamentation are two phenotypic dimensions along which co-existing species often diverge, yet theory makes contrasting predictions about how these phenotypes diversify relative to each other. Some theory predicts that intense, idiosyncratic sexual selection will cause more pronounced divergence in ornamentation than in eco-morphology. Other theory predicts that the ability of condition-dependent ornaments to signal local specialization will result in different species evolving similar ornaments but very divergent eco-morphology. Here, we evaluated these conflicting predictions in Nearctic Libelluloidea dragonflies by testing if the diversification of a condition-dependent ornament, male wing melanization, was slower and less pronounced between closely related species than the diversification of two key eco-morphological traits, body size and relative wing size. Our results show that male wing melanization evolved much faster than either body size or relative wing size. Furthermore, in contrast to the patterns for either eco-morphological trait, the best-supported models of diversification in male wing melanization indicate that the majority of divergence arose between the most closely related species. These results reveal that the primary axis of divergence between closely related Libelluloidea dragonflies is ornamentation rather than eco-morphology. Our study therefore suggests that evolutionary responses to disparate reproductive demands may be fundamental to the persistence and co-existence of closely related species.</p>
Data from: Eco-morphological differentiation in Lake Magadi tilapia, an extremophile cichlid fish living in hot, alkaline and hypersaline lakes in East Africa
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data For: Ornamentation diversified faster than eco-morphology across Nearctic dragonflies
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
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