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19 results for “Ecological sustainability”
An Information Ecology for Sustainable Agriculture
<p>Feeding 10 billion people by 2050 will require transformative changes to our food production systems<sup>1, 2</sup>. Climate change<sup>3-6</sup>, water scarcity and urban demand<sup>7</sup>, herbicide-resistant weeds<sup>8</sup>, and declining soil<sup>9</sup> and water quality<sup>10,11</sup> are increasing crop production risks, lowering yields, and negatively impacting the environment. The increased use of sustainable agricultural practices such as reduced-tillage<sup>12</sup>, diversified crop rotations<sup>13</sup>, and integrated weed management especially through incorporation of cover crops<sup>14</sup>, are necessary to achieve this goal. However, farmers repeatedly cite management complexity and a need for site- and system-specific information to overcome the barriers to adoption<sup>15, 16</sup>. Sustainable agriculture thus demands precision tools to account for genetic and environmental nuances in complex, adaptive, agricultural systems, while simultaneously responding to the social, technological, and economic contexts of farming.</p> <p><em>Precision Sustainable Agriculture</em><sup>17</sup> uses a data-driven and human-centered approach to the research and development of on-farm monitoring tools, cloud-based, information management tools for large-scale agricultural research projects, decision support tools for agriculture data stakeholders, and modeling and analysis tools for use in sustainable agriculture. We are laying the foundation of an information ecology<sup>18</sup> for sustainable agriculture: a system of tools, data, methods, and actors to maximize farm productivity, profitability, and sustainability.</p> <p>References:</p> <ol> <li>Liu J, Folberth C, Yang H, Röckström J, Abbaspour K, Zehnder AJB. A Global and Spatially Explicit Assessment of Climate Change Impacts on Crop Production and Consumptive Water Use. PLOS ONE. 2013 Feb 27;8(2):e57750.</li> <li>Schmidhuber J, Tubiello FN. Global food security under climate change. PNAS. 2007 Dec 11;104(50):19703–8.</li> <li>Allan RP, Soden BJ. Atmospheric Warming and the Amplification of Precipitation Extremes. Science. 2008 Sep 12;321(5895):1481–4.</li> <li>Gornall J, Betts R, Burke E, Clark R, Camp J, Willett K, et al. Implications of climate change for agricultural productivity in the early twenty-first century. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 2010 Sep 27;365(1554):2973–89.</li> <li>Rosenzweig C, Elliott J, Deryng D, Ruane AC, Müller C, Arneth A, et al. Assessing agricultural risks of climate change in the 21st century in a global gridded crop model intercomparison. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2014 Mar 4;111(9):3268–73.</li> <li>Trenberth KE, Dai A, Schrier G van der, Jones PD, Barichivich J, Briffa KR, et al. Global warming and changes in drought. Nature Climate Change. 2014 Jan;4(1):17–22.</li> <li>Flörke M, Kynast E, Bärlund I, Eisner S, Wimmer F, Alcamo J. Domestic and industrial water uses of the past 60 years as a mirror of socio-economic development: A global simulation study. Global Environmental Change. 2013 Feb 1;23(1):144–56.</li> <li>Heap I. Global perspective of herbicide-resistant weeds. Pest Management Science. 2014 Sep 1;70(9):1306–15</li> <li>Williams A, Hunter MC, Kammerer M, Kane DA, Jordan NR, Mortensen DA, et al. Soil Water Holding Capacity Mitigates Downside Risk and Volatility in US Rainfed Maize: Time to Invest in Soil Organic Matter? PLoS ONE. 2016;11(8):e0160974.</li> <li>Goolsby DA, Battaglin WA, Lawrence GB, Artz RS, Aulenbach BT, Hooper RP, et al. Flux and sources of nutrients in the Mississippi-Atchafalya river Basin topic 3 report. :156.</li> <li>Boyer EW, Goodale CL, Jaworski NA, Howarth RW. Anthropogenic nitrogen sources and relationships to riverine nitrogen export in the northeastern U.S.A. Biogeochemistry. 2002 Apr 1;57(1):137–69.</li> <li>Zibilske LM, Bradford JM. Soil Aggregation, Aggregate Carbon and Nitrogen, and Moisture Retention Induced by Conservation Tillage. Soil Science Society of America Journal. 2007 May 1;71(3):793–802.</li> <li>Cox HW, Kelly RM, Strong WM. Pulse crops in rotation with cereals can be a profitable alternative to nitrogen fertiliser in central Queensland. Crop Pasture Sci. 2010 Sep 30;61(9):752–62.</li> <li>Mortensen DA, Egan JF, Maxwell BD, Ryan MR, Smith RG. Navigating a Critical Juncture for Sustainable Weed Management. BioScience. 2012 Jan 1;62(1):75–84.</li> <li>Dunn M, Ulrich-Schad JD, Prokopy LS, Myers RL, Watts CR, Scanlon K. Perceptions and use of cover crops among early adopters: Findings from a national survey. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation. 2016 Jan 1;71(1):29–40.</li> <li>Myers R, Watts C. Progress and perspectives with cover crops: Interpreting three years of farmer surveys on cover crops. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation. 2015 Nov 1;70(6):125A-129A.</li> <li>Mirsky, S, Reberg-Horton, C, Raturi, A. Precision Sustainable Agriculture. Available: <a href="http://precisionsustainableag.org">http://precisionsustainableag.org</a></li> <li>Nardi B, O’ Day V. Information ecologies: Using technology with heart. MIT Press; 1999.</li> </ol>
The ecological and economic benefits of sustainable agricultural practices
<p><strong>Code and data for Mata et al.'s <em>The ecological and economic benefits of sustainable agricultural practices: Evidence from on-farm trials in broad-acre crops. </em></strong></p> <p><strong>Abstract</strong></p> <p>1. A transition to more sustainable agricultural practices is essential to mitigate the negative environmental impacts of conventional farming and to ensure long-term food security. However, widespread adoption requires robust evidence demonstrating their efficacy and economic viability.</p> <p>2. We co-designed a two-year field trial with farmers and agronomy advisors in Australia to evaluate the ecological and economic outcomes of sustainable agricultural practices for managing the redlegged earth mite, a major pest of Australian crops and pastures. We compared 'Novel' treatments – representing long-term farmer-implemented sustainable practices based on biological control – with 'Conventional' treatments, and 'Plus' treatments designed as counterfactuals to disentangle the effects of specific pest control and plant nutrient components.</p> <p>3. Redlegged earth mite densities remained below economic thresholds across all treatments and years, demonstrating effective pest control in both conventional and sustainable systems. Notably, the Novel treatment supported higher densities of beneficial arthropods, suggesting increased biological control potential.</p> <p>4. Yield and gross profit margins were generally similar across treatments, indicating that sustainable agriculture practices can maintain profitability while fostering biodiversity.</p> <p>Practical implication. Our study provides evidence that biological control and biofertiliser supplementation can be effectively used to manage agricultural pests. It also demonstrates the value of close collaboration with farmers and agronomy advisors in conducting ecological field research with real-world applications.</p>
Sustaining Cities, Naturally Webinar: Ecology Session - Ecological management – let's bring biodiversity to cities
<p>Poorly planned urbanisation can lead to societal challenges as social deprivation, climate change, deteriorating health and increasing pressure on urban nature. Urban ecosystem restoration can contribute to lessen these challenges, e.g. through implementing nature-based solutions (NBS). </p> <p>This film was shown as part of the online webinar ‘Sustaining cities, Naturally: Urban ecosystem restoration in Europe, China and Latin America’, which took place as an official side-event of the European Week of Regions and Cities 2022 on 13th and 14th October 2023. The webinar was jointly organised by the projects: INTERLACE, CONEXUS, Regreen and CLEARING HOUSE. </p> <p>The webinar illustrated how Horizon 2020 projects support international cooperation in knowledge creation and knowledge exchange between local authorities and researchers to promote urban ecosystem restoration in Europe, China and Latin America and brought together cities, regions and local authorities, city network representatives, policy makers, researchers, civil society and experts on nature-based solutions and urban ecosystem restoration from Europe, China and Latin America. </p>
Figure 4 in Ecologically-sustainable tree monocultures contribute to conservation of an Araucaria Forest endemic frog
Figure 4. Mean (¡SE) number of food items per stomach in each habitat. FO, Araucaria Forest; PA, Araucaria angustifolia plantation; PP, Pinus plantation; PE, Eucalyptus plantation.
Figure 5 in Ecologically-sustainable tree monocultures contribute to conservation of an Araucaria Forest endemic frog
Figure 5. Rarefaction curves of Physalaemus lisei diet, relating taxonomic richness to the number of individuals in each habitat. FO, Araucaria Forest; PA, Araucaria angustifolia plantation; PP, Pinus plantation; PE, Eucalyptus plantation. The vertical lines comprise the 95% confidence intervals.
Figure 3 in Ecologically-sustainable tree monocultures contribute to conservation of an Araucaria Forest endemic frog
Figure 3. Diet composition of Physalaemus lisei (black bars) in relation to the taxonomic composition of pitfall traps (white bars). Dotted line delimits the feeding niche of P. lisei.
Figure 2 in Ecologically-sustainable tree monocultures contribute to conservation of an Araucaria Forest endemic frog
Figure 2. Body mass (g) distribution of Physalaemus lisei captured in the São Francisco de Paula National Forest, southern Brazil. (A) Temporal variation in body mass (g) distribution between October 2003 and April 2005; (B) among-habitat variation in body mass distribution. Horizontal line represents the median; the box delimits the first and third quartile; the vertical lines delimit the maximum and minimum values, except for the outliers that are represented by asterisks. FO, Araucaria Forest; PA, Araucaria angustifolia plantation; PP, Pinus plantation; PE, Eucalyptus plantation.
Figure 1 in Ecologically-sustainable tree monocultures contribute to conservation of an Araucaria Forest endemic frog
Figure 1. Number of individuals of Physalaemus lisei captured in the São Francisco de Paula National Forest, southern Brazil. (A) Temporal dynamic between October 2003 and April 2005; (B) among-habitat variation in the mean (¡SE) number of captures. FO, Araucaria Forest; PA, Araucaria angustifolia plantation; PP, Pinus plantation; PE, Eucalyptus plantation.
Data from: forest stand dynamics of a short-stature tree species: ecological knowledge for sustainable forest management
<p>This data set is a forest inventory of <em>Nothofagus antarctica</em> in southern Chile. More than 20 sites were selected. In each site, parallel transects were set and every 30 m a sampling point was set where the distance to the nearest four trees (in accordance with the cardinal points) were measured.</p>
Data from: forest stand dynamics of a short-stature tree species: ecological knowledge for sustainable forest management
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Yangtze River basin ecological and hydrogeomorphic data relevant to regional hydrologic classification for sustainable dam operation
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Data from: Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage
Large-scale adaptive radiations might explain the runaway success of a minority of extant vertebrate clades. This hypothesis predicts, among other things, rapid rates of morphological evolution during the early history of major groups, as lineages invade disparate ecological niches. However, few studies of adaptive radiation have included deep time data, so the links between extant diversity and major extinct radiations are unclear. The intensively studied Mesozoic dinosaur record provides a model system for such investigation, representing an ecologically diverse group that dominated terrestrial ecosystems for 170 million years. Furthermore, with 10,000 species, extant dinosaurs (birds) are the most speciose living tetrapod clade. We assembled composite trees of 614–622 Mesozoic dinosaurs/birds, and a comprehensive body mass dataset using the scaling relationship of limb bone robustness. Maximum-likelihood modelling and the node height test reveal rapid evolutionary rates and a predominance of rapid shifts among size classes in early (Triassic) dinosaurs. This indicates an early burst niche-filling pattern and contrasts with previous studies that favoured gradualistic rates. Subsequently, rates declined in most lineages, which rarely exploited new ecological niches. However, feathered maniraptoran dinosaurs (including Mesozoic birds) sustained rapid evolution from at least the Middle Jurassic, suggesting that these taxa evaded the effects of niche saturation. This indicates that a long evolutionary history of continuing ecological innovation paved the way for a second great radiation of dinosaurs, in birds. We therefore demonstrate links between the predominantly extinct deep time adaptive radiation of non-avian dinosaurs and the phenomenal diversification of birds, via continuing rapid rates of evolution along the phylogenetic stem lineage. This raises the possibility that the uneven distribution of biodiversity results not just from large-scale extrapolation of the process of adaptive radiation in a few extant clades, but also from the maintenance of evolvability on vast time scales across the history of life, in key lineages.
Community perceptions and governance of tree planting schemes in Ethiopia: Insights for sustainable ecological and socioeconomic outcomes
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Data from: Sustainable harvesting of non-timber forest products based on ecological and economic criteria
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Data from: Rates of dinosaur body mass evolution indicate 170 million years of sustained ecological innovation on the avian stem lineage
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JTCT - Annex 2 - Interdisciplinary analytical framework on the socio-ecological justice and sustainability implications of a circularity transition
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Supplementary material from "Evolutionary dynamics of sustainability ideas in China: inferences from ecological and economic concepts usage in People's Daily"
<p>Previous cultural evolutionary analyses have exploited the use of neutral models, or random copying models, analogous to neutral genetic drift, as null models to distinguish the unbiased copying and biased transmission of neutral cultural traits, but the dynamics and underlying mechanism of non-neutral cultural traits have not yet been explored. Adopting an ecological perspective, we define ecological and economic concepts as non-neutral cultural traits constitute a complex ecosystem of meaning representing sustainability ideas. We analyse the frequency distribution, turnover and innovation rates of nearly 4000 concepts appearing in <i>People's Daily</i> from 1946 to 2015. The results reveal that, ecological concepts show stronger tendency towards random copying than economic concepts. The popular ecological and economic concepts may experience conformist bias and anti-conformist bias respectively. Semantic and pragmatic differences of popular concepts affect the variability which indicate stronger cultural drift in the ontological domain. The frequency change in popular concepts also suggests positive selection due to political strategy and governmental policy.</p>
Supplementary material from "Evolutionary dynamics of sustainability ideas in China: inferences from ecological and economic concepts usage in People’s Daily"
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The Impact of Ecological Intelligence and Anxiety on Sustainable Nutrition
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT07094607. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.