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73 results for “Ecophysiology”
Ecophysiology of Carnivorous Plants Worldwide 1980-2011
Identification of trade-offs among physiological and morphological traits and their use in cost-benefit models and ecological or evolutionary optimization arguments have been hallmarks of ecological analysis for at least 50 years. Carnivorous plants are model systems for studying a wide range of ecophysiological and ecological processes and the application of a cost-benefit model for the evolution of carnivory by plants has provided many novel insights into trait-based cost-benefit models. Central to the cost-benefit model for the evolution of botanical carnivory is the relationship between nutrients and photosynthesis; of primary interest is how carnivorous plants efficiently obtain scarce nutrients that are supplied primarily in organic form as prey, digest and mineralize them so that they can be readily used, and allocate them to immediate versus future needs. Most carnivorous plants are terrestrial - they are rooted in sandy or peaty wetland soils - and most studies of cost-benefit trade-offs in carnivorous plants are based on terrestrial carnivorous plants. However more than 10% of carnivorous plants are unrooted aquatic plants. By examining data published between 1980 and 2011, we ask whether the cost-benefit model applies equally well to aquatic carnivorous plants and what general insights into trade-off models are gained by this comparison. Nutrient limitation is more pronounced in terrestrial carnivorous plants, which also have much lower growth rates and much higher ratio of dark respiration to photosynthetic rates than aquatic carnivorous plants. Phylogenetic constraints on ecophysiological trade-offs among carnivorous plants remain unexplored. Despite differences in detail, the general cost-benefit framework continues to be of great utility in understanding the evolutionary ecology of carnivorous plants. We provide a research agenda that if implemented would further our understanding of ecophysiological trade-offs in carnivorous plants and also would pro
Ecophysiological variables of common shrub and grass species during the growing season following simulated sandblasting trials at the Jornada Experimental Range, New Mexico, USA, 2018 and 2019
In this dataset, we report ecophysiological variables of contrasting perennial grass (Bouteloua eriopoda, Sporobolus airoides, and Aristida purpurea) and shrub (Prosopis glandulosa, Atriplex canescens, and Larrea tridentata) functional groups before and after a series of simulated sandblasting events with various intensities and frequencies. We hypothesized that grass species are more susceptible to the resulting "sandblasting" (i.e., abrasive damage by wind-blown particulates) than shrubs, thus contributing to the shift from grass to shrub dominance. To test this, we conducted a wind tunnel experiment at the USDA Jornada Experimental Range in 2018 and 2019 growing seasons. Potted plants were subjected to different levels of sandblasting in a novel portable wind tunnel, and plants’ ecophysiological responses including leaf gas exchange and nighttime leaf stomatal conductance were quantified. All tested plants were then grown in benign greenhouse conditions to investigate plant recovery post sandblasting. This dataset contains data about plant biomass and height, leaf chlorophyll content, leaf gas exchange, stomatal conductance, and water use efficiency (WUE) under the experimental treatments above. This study is complete.
Dataset for the project "Evaluation of the effects of trace elements from street dust under urban – industrial conditions on the ecophysiology of Acer platanoides L. and Tilia cordata Mill.
<p>Description of the project: The rapid growth of cities, industry and transport has significantly deteriorated environmental quality, especially in areas with the highest population densities. It applies to water, soil, and air, especially in urban areas. Air pollutants include particulate matter (PM), which harms human health. According to WHO reports (2021), PM pollution is the cause of cardiovascular and respiratory diseases, leading to 4.2 million premature deaths worldwide in 2016. Although improving every year, the situation in Poland is still worse than in many European countries. The particulate matter also includes heavy metals, which have a toxic effect on plants. Plants in urban areas are particularly vulnerable, especially trees, which perform several vital functions, including mitigating climate change, filtering pollutants, and improving air quality. The aim of the project was to determine and compare the morphological and physiological responses of selected tree species to particulate pollution stress under urban conditions. Tree leaves are an essential barrier to atmospheric dust by trapping it on their surface. However, this may come at the cost of reduced light absorption, increased leaf temperature, damage to leaf blades and consequently impaired photosynthesis and plant productivity. However, the ability to absorb dust varies between tree species. It depends on the leaf surface structure, and the response may be due to the species' sensitivity to pollutants. Investigations were conducted in the Upper Silesian Industrial Area around various emission sources, such as heavy metal smelters, combined heat and power plants, and busy streets. The research focused on two tree species common in urban areas, the Norway maple (<i>Acer platanoides</i>) and the small-leaved lime (<i>Tilia cordata</i>). It included measurement of heavy metal concentrations in leaf blades and dust collected on their surface, analysis of concentrations of selected pigments and ascorbic acid as markers of environmental stress. The study provided a preliminary assessment of the impact of particulate pollution on tree function under harsh urban conditions and determined the potential of the studied species to reduce atmospheric dust.</p>
Seasonal ecophysiology of Fucus vesiculosus (Phaeophyceae) in the Northern Baltic Sea
<p>This dataset contains ecophysiological measurements of brown algae <em>Fucus vesiculosus</em> and environmental variables, measured in different seasons in 2017 in the Northern Baltic Sea, SW Finland. More specifically, the measured parameters include in situ chlorophyll <em>a</em> fluorescence: F<sub>v</sub>/F<sub>m</sub>, maximum relative electron transport rate, and quantum yield of photochemistry. Carbon and nitrogen content, carbon:nitrogen ratio and chlorophyll <em>a</em> and <em>c</em> content were determined in the laboratory. Environmental parameters monitored include in situ irradiance, temperature, salinity, alkalinity, DIC, pCO<sub>2</sub>, HCO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>, CO<sub>3</sub><sup>2-</sup>, CO<sub>2</sub>, seawater nitrogen (NO<sub>2</sub><sup>-</sup> and NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>) and phosphorus (PO<sub>4</sub><sup>3-</sup>). Measurements were conducted in February, May, July, September and November in two sites, with additional three sites sampled in July. Irradiance was measured with 1 meter depth intervals from the surface. Irradiance values in the data are irradiances at <em>F. vesiculosus</em> sampling depths in each site, estimated with linear regression from the irradiance and depth data. F<sub>v</sub>/F<sub>m</sub> values for sites Spikarna, Ekö and Björnholmen in July were imputed from other variables using R package "Amelia". </p>
A spatio-temporal dataset for ecophysiological monitoring of urban trees
<p>A dataset was produced for 117 urban trees in four monospecific tree rows in the city of Rennes, northwestern France. The trees were measured in nine 2- to 3-day measurement sessions from Apr-Sep 2021. The dataset includes (i) leaf traits (i.e., contents of pigments, water and dry matter) measured <em>in situ</em> and in the laboratory; (ii) plant area density measured <em>in situ</em> under the canopy and (iii) georeferenced data that describe the location, geometry and species of the trees. The dataset provides an original overview of dynamics of the contents of pigments, water and dry matter for four tree species grown under urban conditions. It can be used for several purposes, such as identifying trees’ responses/behaviors in relation to their urban environment or climate conditions.</p> <p>The repository comprised 3 files : </p> <ul> <li><strong>DATASET_PART1.csv</strong> : This file contains leaf trait measurements</li> <li><strong>DATASET_PART2.csv</strong> : This file contains plant area density measurements </li> <li><strong>DATASET_PART3.gpkg</strong> : This file contains two spatial vector layers: (1) <em>CROWN_EXTENT </em>that is<em> </em>a polygon layer describing tree crowns and (2) <em>TRUNK_LOCATION</em> that is a point layer describing tree location.</li> </ul> <p>More details on the study site, protocols and data can be found in the following reference:</p> <p>Théo Le Saint, Jean Nabucet, Cécile Sulmon, Julien Pellen, Karine Adeline, Laurence Hubert-Moy, A spatio-temporal dataset for ecophysiological monitoring of urban trees, Data in Brief, Volume 57, 2024, 111010, ISSN 2352-3409, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2024.111010.</p>
Size, age, telomere and ecophysiology data of Gallotia galloti lizard species sampled in Tenerife
<p>The dataset is used in the manuscript "Nina Serén, Rodrigo Megía-Palma, Tatjana Simčič, Miha Krofel, Fabio Maria Guarino, Catarina Pinho, Anamarija Žagar, Miguel A. Carretero. Functional responses in a lizard along a 3.5 km altitudinal gradient. Journal of Biogeography (under review)."</p> <p>The dataset consists of measurements of individual lizards of the species Gallotia galloti, each tagged with a unique CODE. Data include year of sampling, population name, exact elevation (in meters above sea level) and approximate elevation (rounded to the nearest hundred, in meters), and sex. Measurements were as follows: Snout Vent Length (in millimeters), Mass (in grams), AGE_Consensus (in years), Relative Telomere Length, PMA(29ºC, 33 ºC and 37ºC) (Potential metabolic activity measured at experimental conditions of 29˚C, 33ºC and 37ºC, respectively,in µLO2/mg prot/h), Catalase (in relative units U/mg protein), EWLa (accumulated evaporative water loss (in grams) and Temperature_8AM-5PM (measurements of cloacal temperature at hourly intervals starting at 8AM and ending at 5PM).</p>
Ecohydrology and Ecophysiology intensively measured plots in Watershed 1, Andrews Experimental Forest, 2005-2011
This database was developed to store data for ecophysiology and ecohydrology studies in Watershed 01 (WS01) at the H.J. Andrews Experimental Forest. The data include a combination of continuous sensor measurements (e.g. for soil moisture, soil temperature, air temperature, and relative humidity data) and repeated sampling (e.g., litterfall, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), rock content of soils). WS01 was clear cut between 1962 and 1966, burned, and replanted to varying degrees of success with Pseudotsuga menziesii, and a set of long-term plots that lie on transects normal to the main stream system was installed in 1962 to monitor plant succession and biomass development (TP073). The plots for these ecohydrological studies were co-located with a subset of TP073 plots to facilitate cross-referencing and cross-analysis of information. The boundaries of the TW006 plots are all at least 5 meters outside of the boundaries of the plant succession and biomass plots so as not to interfere with the long term integrity of those plots. An initial set of eight plots were installed for TW006 in 2004. All of these plots were located near transect #1 of the TP073 plots; i.e. the transect closest to the mouth of the watershed (see http://oregonstate.edu/feel/mapsVideos/transect_diagram.jpg, http://oregonstate.edu/feel/mapsVideos/airshed_base.pdf, and for a “virtual tour” of the watershed that illustrates the plot locations see http://oregonstate.edu/feel/mapsVideos/WS01_3d_spinningWheel2.AVI.MOV). Each of the eight plots (also known as “telemetry plots”) is associated with a bank of solar collectors and batteries that provide power for a network of sensors, and data is transmitted by telemetry via a relay station to the Andrews Headquarters. An additional set of 16 plots was established in 2009 to extend data collection through a broader area of the watershed and to represent the full range of vegetation cover classes. The locations of these was based on a stratified random sampling
Data from: Treeline – quo vadis? an ecophysiological approach
<p><strong>Data are documented in the following article:</strong></p> <p>Gruber A., W. Oberhuber, G. Wieser (2022) Treeline-Quo Vadis? An ecophysiological approach. Forests 2022, 13,857; doi: 10.3390/f13060857.</p> <p><strong>Summary:</strong></p> <p>At high elevation or latitude, the margin of the life-form tree is set by low temperature, with trees defined as upright woody species taller than 2-3 m. As the climate driven limit of the life-form tree at high elevation is set by low temperature, climate warming will cause treelines to move upwards. As shown in a case study in the Central European Alps, open and dense stands at treeline differ with respect to basal area growth. In an open stand recent climate warming triggered an enhancement in basal area increment of solitary <em>Pinus cembra</em> (L.) and <em>Larix decidua</em> (Mill.) trees. In contrary, in a dense stand nearby, an adequate growth response was almost lacking. This suggests that at the alpine treeline, due to competition for light, nutrients and soil water availability, the positive effect of climate warming on individual tree growth is suppressed with increasing tree density.</p>
Supporting data sets for "Estimating Carbon Fixation of Plant Organs for Afforestation Monitoring using a Process-based Ecosystem Model and Ecophysiological Parameter Optimization". (the survey of tree breast diameter and tree height in 11-year old Eucommia ulmoides plantation, values of simulation results used in figures and tables.)
<p>Supporting data sets for Miyauchi et al., Ecology and Evolution, 2019 (accepted).</p> <p>The files store: </p> <p>(1) The survey of tree breast diameter and tree height in <em>Eucommia ulmoides</em> plantation<em>.</em> The ring and stem analysis and dry weight of seven harvested sample trees in the plantation.</p> <p>(2) Values of optimization result used fig.7.</p> <p>(3) Values of prediction result used fig.8. and table 4.</p> <p>(4) Values of optimized parameters by optimization methods, parameter range and constrain.</p>
Fig. 6 in Ecophysiological responses to the effect of annual management on an endemic viviparous fish in central plateau of México
Fig. 6. Bimonthly structure of the population of G. multiradiatus in San Martin. Shows the curves of growth with the von Bertalanffy model for highly seasonal cycles. Upon reaching the asymptotic curve determines the final class of each age cohort.
Fig. 5 in Ecophysiological responses to the effect of annual management on an endemic viviparous fish in central plateau of México
Fig. 5. General structure of the population of San Martín mexcalpique. The numbers in parentheses indicate the percentage of each size class of the total population.
Fig. 8 in Ecophysiological responses to the effect of annual management on an endemic viviparous fish in central plateau of México
Fig. 8. Percentages of each food components found in the digestive tract of G. multiradiatus during a hydrological cycle in san Martín dam.
Fig. 4 in Ecophysiological responses to the effect of annual management on an endemic viviparous fish in central plateau of México
Fig. 4. Number of individuals (bars) and mean biomass of the population (line curve) of mexcalpiques during a hydrological cycle.
Fig. 2 in Ecophysiological responses to the effect of annual management on an endemic viviparous fish in central plateau of México
Fig. 2. Ombrothermic diagram for San Martin dam, Amealco, Qro. It shows hydrological periods of importance to the life cycle of mexcalpique.
Fig. 8. Syndesmis kurakaikina n in Description and ecophysiology of a new species of Syndesmis Silliman, 1881 (Rhabdocoela: Umagillidae) from the sea urchin Evechinus chloroticus (Valenciennes, 1846) Mortensen, 1943 in New Zealand
Fig. 8. Syndesmis kurakaikina n. sp., sagittal section through posterior body end, at genital pore. Scale bar: 50 μm. B: bursa, EF: egg filament, FA: female atrium, FG: filament glands, CGA: common genital atrium, Gp: gonopore, MA: male atrium, St: stylet, U: uterus, V: vagina.
Fig. 4. Syndesmis kurakaikina n in Description and ecophysiology of a new species of Syndesmis Silliman, 1881 (Rhabdocoela: Umagillidae) from the sea urchin Evechinus chloroticus (Valenciennes, 1846) Mortensen, 1943 in New Zealand
Fig. 4. Syndesmis kurakaikina n. sp., ciliated invagination at the anterior end in sagittal section. Scale bar: 50 μm. Br: brain.
Fig. 2 in Description and ecophysiology of a new species of Syndesmis Silliman, 1881 (Rhabdocoela: Umagillidae) from the sea urchin Evechinus chloroticus (Valenciennes, 1846) Mortensen, 1943 in New Zealand
Fig. 2. Schematic overview of the female reproductive system in Syndesmis. B: bursa, CGA: common genital atrium, EC: egg capsule, FA: female atrium, ID: insemination duct, MA: (entrance to) male atrium, Ov: ovary, Ph: pharynx, St: stylet, SR: seminal receptacle, U: uterus, V: vagina, Vit: vitellaria.
Fig. 12. Syndesmis kurakaikina n in Description and ecophysiology of a new species of Syndesmis Silliman, 1881 (Rhabdocoela: Umagillidae) from the sea urchin Evechinus chloroticus (Valenciennes, 1846) Mortensen, 1943 in New Zealand
Fig. 12. Syndesmis kurakaikina n. sp. A. Mature specimen. B. Posterior end of live mature specimen in the process of laying an egg capsule. C. Entire egg capsule, showing the bulb containing two embryos and the long filament. D. Opened, empty egg capsule post-hatching after two weeks incubation at 21.5 ̊C. E-G. Photomicrographs showing the development from eggs (after one week incubation, E), through zygote (after two weeks incubation, F) to fully developed embryo (after four weeks incubation, G) in an egg capsule from the 14.5 ̊C treatment. H–I. Nonviable (H) and deformed (I) egg capsules from the 25 ̊C treatment. E: egg, EC: egg capsule, EF: egg filament, Em: embryo, Gp: gonopore, Ph: pharynx, Vit: vitellaria, Z: zygote. Scale bars: A = 1 mm, B–C = 100 μm, D-I = 50 μm.
Fig. 10 in Description and ecophysiology of a new species of Syndesmis Silliman, 1881 (Rhabdocoela: Umagillidae) from the sea urchin Evechinus chloroticus (Valenciennes, 1846) Mortensen, 1943 in New Zealand
Fig. 10. Reconstruction of the male reproductive system from a sagittally sectioned specimen of Syndesmis kurakaikina n. sp. Intestine and female reproductive system omitted. Stylet not drawn in its entirety. Scale bar: 200 μm. CGA: common genital atrium, ED: ejaculatory duct, Gp: gonopore, MA: male atrium, T: testis, SD: sperm duct, St: stylet, SV: seminal vesicle.
Fig. 6. Syndesmis kurakaikina n in Description and ecophysiology of a new species of Syndesmis Silliman, 1881 (Rhabdocoela: Umagillidae) from the sea urchin Evechinus chloroticus (Valenciennes, 1846) Mortensen, 1943 in New Zealand
Fig. 6. Syndesmis kurakaikina n. sp., reconstruction of the female reproductive system from a sagittally sectioned specimen. Male reproductive system omitted. Scale bar: 100 μm. B: bursa, BC: bursal canal (simplified), BV: bursal valve, CGA: common genital atrium, DC: ductus communis, EC: egg capsule, IC: insemination canal, In: intestine, FA: female atrium, FG: filament glands, Gp: gonopore, MA: (entrance to) male atrium, Ov: ovary, SRa: anterior part of seminal receptacle, SRp: posterior part of seminal receptacle, U: uterus, Vit: vitellaria.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.