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Data from: Species delimitation in endangered groundwater salamanders: implications for aquifer management and biodiversity conservation
Groundwater-dependent species are among the least-known components of global biodiversity, as well as some of the most vulnerable because of rapid groundwater depletion at regional and global scales. The karstic Edwards–Trinity aquifer system of west-central Texas is one of the most species-rich groundwater systems in the world, represented by dozens of endemic groundwater-obligate species with narrow, naturally fragmented distributions. Here, we examine how geomorphological and hydrogeological processes have driven population divergence and speciation in a radiation of salamanders (Eurycea) endemic to the Edwards–Trinity system using phylogenetic and population genetic analysis of genome-wide DNA sequence data. Results revealed complex patterns of isolation and reconnection driven by surface and subsurface hydrology, resulting in both adaptive and non-adaptive population divergence and speciation. Our results uncover new cryptic species diversity and refine the borders of several threatened and endangered species. The U.S. Endangered Species Act has been used to bring state regulation to unrestricted groundwater withdrawals in the Edwards (Balcones Fault Zone) Aquifer, where listed species are found. However, the Trinity and Edwards–Trinity (Plateau) aquifers harbor additional species with similarly small ranges that currently receive no protection from regulatory programs designed to prevent groundwater depletion. Based on regional climate models that predict increased air temperature, together with hydrologic models that project decreased springflow, we conclude that Edwards–Trinity salamanders and other co-distributed groundwater-dependent organisms are highly vulnerable to extinction within the next century.
Data from: Species delimitation in endangered groundwater salamanders: implications for aquifer management and biodiversity conservation
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FIGURE 5 in A new, narrowly distributed, and critically endangered species of Characidium (Characiformes: Crenuchidae) from the Distrito Federal, Central Brazil
FIGURE 5 | The proportion of body depth at dorsal-fin origin (% SL) versus the standard length (mm) in females (red triangles) and males (blue dots) in Characidium onca. Symbols indicating the mature females are highlighted in the dashed area.
FIGURE 6 in A new, narrowly distributed, and critically endangered species of Characidium (Characiformes: Crenuchidae) from the Distrito Federal, Central Brazil
FIGURE 6 | Maps of the tributaries of rio Paranaíba in Goiás State, Brazil in general view (left), with the rio São Bartolomeu basin detailed in the Distrito Federal (right). The type locality of Characidium onca is indicated by a star in the córrego Taquara. Abbreviations: BA, Bahia; DF, Distrito Federal; GO, Goiás; MG, Minas Gerais; MS, Mato Grosso do Sul; MT, Mato Grosso; and TO, Tocantins.
FIGURE 4 in A new, narrowly distributed, and critically endangered species of Characidium (Characiformes: Crenuchidae) from the Distrito Federal, Central Brazil
FIGURE 4 | Pseudotympanum in Characidium onca (MZUSP 125801, paratype). Abbreviations: 5th pl, pleural rib of fifth vertebra; a, anterior window of pseudotympanum; lln, lateral line nerve; ls, lateralis superficialis; oi, obliquus inferioris; os, obliquus superioris; p, posterior window of pseudotympanum. Scale bar = 1 mm.
FIGURE 7 in A new, narrowly distributed, and critically endangered species of Characidium (Characiformes: Crenuchidae) from the Distrito Federal, Central Brazil
FIGURE 7 | Satellite images of the Area de Preservação Ambiental das Bacias do Gama e Cabeça de Veado (highlighted in red), showing the land use and cover changes along the past 34 years, and predicted: in A. year of 1986, with urban areas concentrated north of the FAL–UNB, RECOR and EEJBB; B. year of 1996, illustrating the beginning of expansion of urban and rural areas just east of the FAL–UNB, RECOR and EEJBB; C. year of 2006, after the construction of the Juscelino Kubitschek bridge in 2002, illustrating a rapid expansion of urban areas in the eastern area; and D., predicted situation according to the Distrito Federal Territorial Planning Master Plan (2009, 2019). Green polygons indicate protected areas; yellow, urban areas; blue, rural areas; black, public land; and, red arrow, the Juscelino Kubitschek bridge. Abbreviations: FAL–UNB, Estação Experimental Fazenda Águas Limpas of the University of Brasília; RECOR, Reserva Ecológica do Instituo Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística; and EEJBB, Estação Ecológica do Jardim Botânico de Brasília. Source of maps: Google Earth.
FIGURE 1 in A new, narrowly distributed, and critically endangered species of Characidium (Characiformes: Crenuchidae) from the Distrito Federal, Central Brazil
FIGURE 1 | Characidium onca, holotype, MZUSP 125807, 40.1 mm SL, male. A. Specimen in lateral view soon after collection; B–D. Preserved specimen in lateral dorsal, ventral views.
FIGURE 3 in A new, narrowly distributed, and critically endangered species of Characidium (Characiformes: Crenuchidae) from the Distrito Federal, Central Brazil
FIGURE 3 | Osteological characteristics in Characidium onca, paratypes: A. Right upper jaw in medial view (MZUSP 125803); B. Right dentary in medial view (MZUSP 125803); C. Left pectoral gridle in lateral view (MZUSP 125801); D. Skull in dorsal view (MZUSP 125803); E. Posterior portion of skull in dorsal view (MZUSP 125801). Abbreviations: ANT, antorbital; CLE, cleithrum; COR, coracoid; DEN, dentary; dentl, lateral row of dentary teeth; dentm; middle row of dentary teeth; dentr, replacement lateral row of dentary teeth; DPSO, dorsal process of the supraoccipital; ESC, extrascapular; FR, frontal; fbsc, frontal branch of the supraorbital canal; fo, fontanel; IO 1–6, infraorbitals 1 to 6; MCO, mesocoracoid; MEC, Meckel's cartilage; METH, mesethmoid; MX, maxilla; NA, nasal; PAR, parietal; pbsc, parietal branch of the supraorbital canal; PCP, posterior cleithral process; PCL 1–3, postcleithrum 1 to 3; PMX, premaxilla; pmxt, premaxilarry teeth; pmxtr, replacement premaxillary teeth; POST, posttemporal; PTE, pterotic; SC, scapula; SCL, supracleithum; SUO, supraorbital. Scale bar = 1 mm.
FIGURE 2 in A new, narrowly distributed, and critically endangered species of Characidium (Characiformes: Crenuchidae) from the Distrito Federal, Central Brazil
FIGURE 2 | Paratypes of Characidium onca. A–B. MZUSP 125798, 23.8–27.0 mm SL respectively, córrego Taquara; C. MZUSP 125795, 28.6 mm SL, córrego Roncador; D. ZUEC 17242, 38.7 mm SL, córrego Roncador; E–F. MZUSP 125797, 39.0–44.1 mm SL, respectively, córrego Roncador. Scale bar = 5 mm.
Fig. 2 in Three Critically Endangered new species of Capurodendron (Sapotaceae) from Madagascar
Fig. 2. - Field photograph of the type collection of Capurodendron schatzii L. Gaut. & Naciri. [Photo: G.E. Schatz]
Fig. 3 in Three Critically Endangered new species of Capurodendron (Sapotaceae) from Madagascar
Fig. 3. - Known distribution of (A-B) Capurodendron sahafariense L. Gaut. & Naciri (green), (A, C) C. schatzii L. Gaut. & Naciri (pink), and (A, D) C. nanophyllum L. Gaut. & Naciri (blue). Limits of protected areas in yellow. [Google Earth Images. Copyright 2018 DigitalGlobe. Reproduced per attribution guidelines]
Fig. 5 in Three Critically Endangered new species of Capurodendron (Sapotaceae) from Madagascar
Fig. 5. - Field photograph of the type collection of Capurodendron sahafariense L. Gaut. & Naciri. [Photo: F. Ratovoson]
Fig. 4. - Capurodendron sahafariense L. Gaut. & Naciri. A in Three Critically Endangered new species of Capurodendron (Sapotaceae) from Madagascar
Fig. 4. - Capurodendron sahafariense L. Gaut. & Naciri. A. Longitudinal section of flower; B. Flower; C. Corolla opened seen from inside; D. Corolla opened seen from outside; E. Brachyblast with leaves and post-anthesis flower; F. Branch with flowers and fruit; G. Fruit; H. Transverse section of ovary. [Drawings: G. Loza]
Fig. 1. – Labramia ambondrombeensis L. Gaut. & Randriarisoa. A in Labramia ambondrombeensis (Sapotaceae), a Critically Endangered new species from Madagascar.
Fig. 1. – Labramia ambondrombeensis L. Gaut. & Randriarisoa. A. Flowering branch; B. Leaf with venation details (a: upper side; b: lower side); C. Flower; D. Flower in longitudinal section; E. Detached corolla spread opened (c: outer side, with appendages folded down and one lobe removed to show one lobe and one stamen; d: inner side, with two stamens removed to show inner side of lobes); F. Transversal section of the ovary. [Razakamalala et al. 1077, G] [Drawing: G. Loza]
Fig. 1. Clusia falcata. A in Clusia falcata (Clusiaceae), an endangered species with exceptionally narrow leaves endemic to Chiapas, Mexico
Fig. 1. Clusia falcata. A habit of flowering staminate branch; B leaf showing abaxial surface; C detail of adaxial surface of leaf showing resin canals; D sepal adaxial side; E – F petal side view and adaxial side; G androecium; H – J stamens; K detail of petiole base showing pit in the junction with the branch; L staminate flower bud. From D. E. Breedlove & R. F. Thorne 21392 (holotype, MO). DRAWN BY JULIET BEENTJE.
Using species distribution models and decision tools to direct surveys and identify potential translocation sites for a critically endangered species
<p>Aim: Occurrence records for cryptic species are typically limited or highly uncertain, leaving their distributions poorly resolved and hampering conservation. This can apply to well‐studied species, and increased survey effort and/or novel methods are required to improve distribution data. Here, we paired species distribution modelling (SDM) with decision tools to direct surveys for the critically endangered Leadbeater's possum (Gymnobelideus leadbeateri) outside its current restricted range. We also assessed survey areas for their suitability to host translocations.</p> <p>Location: Victoria, Australia.</p> <p>Method: We used both recent and historic records (now out of range and spatially uncertain) of Leadbeater's possum to build SDMs using MaxEnt. The SDMs informed an initial multi‐criteria decision analysis (MCDA) that enabled prioritization of 80 survey sites across seven forest patches (13–145 km outside the known range), which we surveyed using camera traps. Site and vegetation data were used in a post‐survey MCDA to rank their potential translocation suitability.</p> <p>Results: The SDM predictions were consistent with the species' ecology, identifying cold areas with high rainfall that had not recently burnt as suitable. The spatial uncertainty of records did not exert a strong influence on either model predictions or the ranking of patches for surveys. Camera trap surveys yielded records of 19 native species, with Leadbeater's possum detected in only one survey patch, 13 km outside of its previously known range. The post‐survey MCDA identified three forest patches as potentially suitable for conservation translocations, and these priorities were not sensitive to the decision criteria used.</p> <p>Main conclusions: The approach outlined here prioritized survey effort over a large area, resulting in detection of Leadbeater's possum in one new patch. The potential translocation sites identified could present an important risk‐spreading measure for the species given the threat posed by bushfire. Combining SDMs and decision tools can help target surveys and guide subsequent conservation strategies.</p>
Figure 3 in Uvariopsis dicaprio (Annonaceae) a new tree species with notes on its pollination biology, and the Critically Endangered narrowly endemic plant species of the Ebo Forest, Cameroon
Figure 3 Uvariopsis dicaprio. (A) habit, cauliflorous inflorescences on trunk; (B) leafy branch, one season's growth; (C) inflorescence, showing pedicel articulations, bracts and bracteoles; (D) flower, with one petal removed to show the staminal dome; (E) detail of sparse hairs on abaxial petal surface; (F) stamen, different views; (G) junction of base of leaf with stem, showing dome-like axillary bud. All drawn from MacKinnon 51 (K) by MEG GRIFFITHS. Full-size DOI: 10.7717/peerj.12614/fig-3
Figure 4 in Uvariopsis dicaprio (Annonaceae) a new tree species with notes on its pollination biology, and the Critically Endangered narrowly endemic plant species of the Ebo Forest, Cameroon
Figure 4 Global distribution of Uvariopsis dicaprio, together with U. korupensis and U. submontana. Full-size DOI: 10.7717/peerj.12614/fig-4
Figure 1 in Uvariopsis dicaprio (Annonaceae) a new tree species with notes on its pollination biology, and the Critically Endangered narrowly endemic plant species of the Ebo Forest, Cameroon
Figure 1 Uvariopsis dicaprio. Cauliflorous inflorescences on trunk. Photo Lorna MacKinnon. Full-size DOI: 10.7717/peerj.12614/fig-1
Figure 2 in Uvariopsis dicaprio (Annonaceae) a new tree species with notes on its pollination biology, and the Critically Endangered narrowly endemic plant species of the Ebo Forest, Cameroon
Figure 2 Uvariopsis dicaprio. Trunk apex with cauliflorous flowers and canopy. Photo Lorna MacKinnon. Full-size DOI: 10.7717/peerj.12614/fig-2
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.