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234 results for “Enforcement”
Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest: 1 meter LiDAR-derived and Hydro-enforced Digital Elevation Models, 2012
This data package contains a 1 m LiDAR-derived digital elevation model (DEM) and a 1 m hydro-enforced DEM across Hubbard Brook EF. The LiDAR was collected during leaf-off and snow-free conditions by Photo Science, Inc. in April 2012 for the White Mountain National Forest (WMNF). These data were gathered as part of the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study (HBES). The HBES is a collaborative effort at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, which is operated and maintained by the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station.
Data from: Shark movement strategies influence poaching risk and can guide enforcement decisions in a large, remote Marine Protected Area
<ol> <li>Large, remote marine protected areas (MPAs) containing both reef and pelagic habitats, have been shown to offer considerable refuge to populations of reef-associated sharks. Many large MPAs are, however, impacted by illegal fishing activity conducted by unlicensed vessels. While enforcement of these reserves is often expensive, it would likely benefit from the integration of ecological data on the mobile animals they are designed to protect. Consequently, shark populations in some protected areas continue to decline, as they remain a prime target for illegal fishers.</li> <li>To understand shark movements and their vulnerability to illegal fishing, three years of acoustic tracking data, from 101 reef-associated sharks, were analysed as movement networks to explore the predictability of movement patterns and identify key movement corridors within the British Indian Ocean Territory (BIOT) MPA. We examined how space use and connectivity overlap with spatially-explicit risk of illegal fishing, through data obtained from the management consultancy enforcing the MPA.</li> <li>Using individual-based models, the movement networks of two sympatric shark species were efficiently predicted with distance-decay functions (>95% movements accurately predicted). Model outliers were used to highlight the locations with unexpectedly high movement rates where MPA enforcement patrols might most efficiently mitigate predator removal.</li> <li>Activity space estimates and network metrics illustrate that silvertip sharks were more dynamic, less resident and link larger components of the MPA than grey reef sharks. However, we show that this behaviour potentially enhances their exposure to illegal fishing activity.</li> <li> <i>Synthesis and applications. </i>Marine protected area (MPA) enforcement strategies are often limited by resources. The British Indian Ocean Territory MPA, one of the world's largest 'no take' MPAs, has a single patrol vessel to enforce 640,000 km<sup>2</sup> of open ocean, atoll and reef ecosystems. We argue that to optimise the patrol vessel search strategy and thus enhance their protective capacity, ecological data on the space use and movements of desirable species, such as large-bodied reef predators, must be incorporated into management plans. Here, we use electronic tracking data to evaluate how shark movement dynamics influence species mortality trajectories in exploited reef ecosystems. In doing so we discuss how network analyses of such data might be applied for protected area enforcement.</li> </ol>
Dataset - Uncertainty Reduction in Biochemical Kinetic Models: Enforcing Desired Model Properties
<p>Data needed to reproduce the results from the manuscript “Uncertainty Reduction in Biochemical Kinetic Models: Enforcing Desired Model Properties" by L. Miskovic, J. Beal, M. Moret, and V. Hatzimanikatis</p> <p>1. Data generated with the ORACLE workflow that was used in the iSCHRUNK training:</p> <ul> <li>Classification label vectors for the three analyzed metabolic concentration cases: <ul> <li>Reference case: class_vector_train_ref.mat</li> <li>Extreme1 case: class_vector_train_ex1.mat</li> <li>Extreme2 case: class_vector_train_ex2.mat</li> </ul> </li> <li>Parameter sets used for training for the three analyzed metabolite concentration cases. As parameters, we used the degree of saturation of the enzyme active site, σ<sub>A</sub>, which is constrained between 0 and 1.<sub> </sub> <ul> <li>Reference case: training_set_ref.mat</li> <li>Extreme1 case: training_set_ex1.mat</li> <li>Extreme2 case: training_set_ex2.mat</li> </ul> </li> <li>Flux control coefficients of the xylose uptake rate (XTR) with respect to the network enzymes for the three cases. For the statistics and the figures we have used the population with removed outliers. <ul> <li>Reference case: ccXTR_ref.mat</li> <li>Extreme1 case: ccXTR_ex1.mat</li> <li>Extreme2 case: ccXTR_ex2.mat</li> </ul> </li> <li>Thermodynamics-based Flux Analysis (TFA) models for the three cases: <ul> <li>Reference case: tfa_ref.mat</li> <li>Extreme1 case: tfa_ex1.mat</li> <li>Extreme2 case: tfa_ex2.mat</li> </ul> </li> <li>Parameter names identical for the three cases <ul> <li>parameterNames.mat</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <p>2. Validation data generated with the ORACLE workflow with the parameters constrained using the information obtained with the iSCHRUNK (Figure 4).</p> <ul> <li>Flux control coefficients of the xylose uptake rate (XTR) with respect to the network enzymes for the three cases. For the statistics and the figures we have used the population with removed outliers. <ul> <li>ccXTR_ValidNeg.mat</li> </ul> </li> <li>Parameter sets used in validation <ul> <li>validation_set_neg.mat</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <p>3. Validation data generated with the ORACLE workflow with the parameters constrained using the information obtained with the iSCHRUNK (Table 3).</p> <ul> <li>Negative control: <ul> <li>Flux control coefficients of the xylose uptake rate (XTR) with respect to the network enzymes for the three cases. For the statistics and the figures we have used the population with removed outliers. <ul> <li>Reference case: ccXTR_ValidRef_neg_agg.mat</li> <li>Extreme1 case: ccXTR_ValidEx1_neg_agg.mat</li> <li>Extreme2 case: ccXTR_ValidEx2_neg_agg.mat</li> </ul> </li> <li>Parameter sets used for training for the three analyzed metabolite concentration cases. As parameters, we used the degree of saturation of the enzyme active site, σ<sub>A</sub>, which is constrained between 0 and 1.<sub> </sub> <ul> <li>Reference case: validation_set_ref_neg_agg.mat</li> <li>Extreme1 case: validation_set_ref_neg_agg.mat</li> <li>Extreme2 case: tvalidation_set_ref_neg_agg.mat</li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> <ul> <li>Positive control: <ul> <li>Flux control coefficients of the xylose uptake rate (XTR) with respect to the network enzymes for the three cases. For the statistics and the figures we have used the population with removed outliers. <ul> <li>Reference case: ccXTR_ValidRef_pos_agg.mat</li> <li>Extreme1 case: ccXTR_ValidEx1_pos_agg.mat</li> <li>Extreme2 case: ccXTR_ValidEx2_pos_agg.mat</li> </ul> </li> <li>Parameter sets used for training for the three analyzed metabolite concentration cases. As parameters, we used the degree of saturation of the enzyme active site, σ<sub>A</sub>, which is constrained between 0 and 1.<sub> </sub> <ul> <li>Reference case: validation_set_ref_pos_agg.mat</li> <li>Extreme1 case: validation_set_ex1_pos_agg.mat</li> <li>Extreme2 case: validation_set_ex2_pos_agg.mat</li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> <p>4. Reassignment study: validation data generated with the ORACLE workflow with the parameters constrained using the information obtained with the iSCHRUNK (Figure 6 and Table 4).</p> <ul> <li>Negative control: <ul> <li>Flux control coefficients of the xylose uptake rate (XTR) with respect to the network enzymes. For the statistics and the figures we have used the population with removed outliers. <ul> <li>Reference case: ccXTR_Valid_reassignment_neg.mat</li> </ul> </li> <li>Parameter sets used for training for the three analyzed metabolite concentration cases. As parameters, we used the degree of saturation of the enzyme active site, σ<sub>A</sub>, which is constrained between 0 and 1.<sub> </sub> <ul> <li>Reference case: validation_set_neg_reassignment.mat</li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li>Positive control: <ul> <li>Flux control coefficients of the xylose uptake rate (XTR) with respect to the network enzymes. For the statistics and the figures we have used the population with removed outliers. <ul> <li>Reference case: ccXTR_Valid_reassignment_pos.mat</li> </ul> </li> <li>Parameter sets used for training for the three analyzed metabolite concentration cases. As parameters, we used the degree of saturation of the enzyme active site, σ<sub>A</sub>, which is constrained between 0 and 1.<sub> </sub> <ul> <li>Reference case: validation_set_pos_reassignment.mat</li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> <p> </p> <p> </p>
Developing Notification and Enforcement Systems to Communicate and Administer Bridge Load Postings
<p>State and local law enforcement agencies in the US strive to enforce weight restrictions on trucks and heavy vehicles travelling on public roads as a matter of public safety and as a way of safeguarding vital transportation infrastructure. This research aimed to identify plausible notification systems that can effectively communicate bridge load postings to dispatchers and drivers, investigate and suggest possible approaches to communicate potential detour routes, and identify corresponding enforcement methods required to successfully administer bridge load postings. This report discusses the current practices of bridge load posting notification and enforcement systems. Also, it presents an overview of the existing conditions of intelligent Transportation systems (ITS) in Louisiana that included: Traffic Management Centers (TMCs), Motorist Assistance Patrol (MAP) service, ITS devices, and technologies. A national survey was also conduct targeting US Departments of Transportation (DOTs) professionals and law enforcement agencies in USA to obtain their feedback and insights regarding the current bridge load posting notification and enforcement procedures/systems, its limitations and required modifications at their States. The results of this research suggest that improving the notification methods alone is not enough to ensure public compliance with posted weight limit on bridges, therefore, the enforcement methods need to be improved as well to enhance drivers’ compliance and to prolong the lifespan of bridges. The report concluded by providing recommendations that can improve the notification and enforcement systems to effectively communicate and administer bridge load postings</p>
Dataset Literature Riview Bussines Law Enforcement
<p>Bahwa data ini digunakan untuk membuat penelitian ssesuai dengan literatur riview dengan kata kunci Bussines dan Law Enforcement</p>
Dataset Literature Riview Online Business Law Enforcement
<p>Data ini digunakan untuk membuat penelitian sesuai dengan literatur review dengan kata kunci online business dan law enforcement</p>
Dataset Literature Review Online Business Law Enforcement
<p>Bahwa data ini digunakan untuk membuat penelitian denga literatur review dengan kata kunci online business law enforcement</p>
Data from: Recombination as an enforcement mechanism of prosocial behavior in cooperating bacteria
<p>Prosocial behavior is ubiquitous despite the relative fitness costs carried by cooperative individuals. However, the stability of cooperation in populations is fragile, and often maintained through enforcement. We propose that homologous recombination provides such a mechanism in bacteria. Using an agent-based model of recombination in a population of bacteria playing a public goods game, we demonstrate how changes in recombination rate affect the proportion of cooperating cells. In our model, recombination converts cells to a different strategy, either freeloading (cheaters) or cooperation, based on the strategies of neighboring cells and the recombination rate. Increasing the recombination rate expands the parameter space in which cooperators dominate freeloaders. However, increasing the recombination rate alone is neither sufficient nor necessary. Intermediate benefits of cooperation, lower population viscosity, and higher population size can promote cooperation in a population of cheater strains. Our findings demonstrate how recombination influences the persistence of cooperative behavior in bacteria. </p>
BQE WIM Data Year 6 Project (Evaluation of Integrated Overweight Enforcement System using High Accuracy WIM System and Non-Proprietary ALPR System)
<p>NEW BQE (Brooklyn-Queens Expressway) WIM Data for QB (Queens Bound) for Direct Overweight Enforcement</p>
Data from: Recombination as an enforcement mechanism of prosocial behavior in cooperating bacteria
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Shark movement strategies influence poaching risk and can guide enforcement decisions in a large, remote Marine Protected Area
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Dataset: The role of social costs as a mechanism enforcing the honesty of ultraviolet-reflecting signals in a lizard
<p>Here are the data associated with the study entitled "The role of social costs as a mechanism enforcing the honesty of ultraviolet-reflecting signals in a lizard<strong>"</strong> authored by Anna Kawamoto, Jean-François Le Galliard, and Arnaud Badiane and published in <em>Biological Journal of the Linnean Society</em>.</p> <p>Four different data sets are provided and the Notes.xlsx file explains the content of these data sets.</p> <p>We also added three short videos showing typical lizards' behaviours scored in this study.</p> <p> </p>
Modelling and Enforcing Access Control Requirements for Smart Contracts - Data Set
<p>This data set contains all artifacts for the master thesis of Jan-Philipp Töberg at the Karlsruher Institute of Technology. This includes the Eclipse project for the metamodel and the generator, the extension of the Slither framework and the use case instances employed during the evaluation. Additionally, extensive instructions regarding the installation and usage are provided.</p>
BQE WIM Data Year 4 Project (Implementation and Effectiveness of Autonomous Enforcement of Overweight Trucks in an Urban Infrastructure Environment)
<p>BQE (Brooklyn-Queens Expressway) WIM Data for QB (Queens Bound) and SIB (Staten Island Bound)</p>
Modeling liquid transport in the Earth's mantle as two-phase flow: Effect of an enforced positive porosity on liquid flow and mass conservation
<p>These data files include the raw data for the figures shown in Lee et al. titled as 'Modeling liquid transport in the Earth’s mantle as two-phase flow: Effect of an enforced positive porosity on liquid flow and mass conservation'. <br> </p>
Mindfulness-Based Resilience Training for Aggression, Health, and Stress Among Law Enforcement Officers
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03784846. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 3.
Decentralized Runtime Enforcement of Message Sequences in Message-Based Systems (video)
<p>Full video presentation of the paper: Decentralized Runtime Enforcement of Message Sequences in Message-Based Systems.<br> <br> Appears in Session 6 of the 24th International Conference on Principles of Distributed Systems OPODIS 2020<br> <a href="https://opodis2020.unistra.fr">https://opodis2020.unistra.fr</a></p>
Optimal allocation of law enforcement patrol effort to mitigate poaching activities
<p>Poaching is a global problem causing the decline of species worldwide. Optimizing the efficiency of ranger patrols to deter poaching activity at the lowest possible cost is crucial for protecting species with limited resources. We applied decision analysis and spatial optimization algorithms to allocate efforts of ranger patrols throughout a national park. Our objective was to mitigate poaching activity at or below management risk targets for the lowest monetary cost. We examined this tradeoff by constructing a Pareto efficiency frontier using integer linear programing. We used data from a ranger-based monitoring program in Nyungwe National Park, Rwanda. Our measure of poaching risk is based on dynamic occupancy models which account for imperfect detection of poaching activities. We found that in order to achieve a 5% reduction in poaching risk, 622 ranger patrol events (each corresponding to patrolling 1 km2 sites) were needed within a year at a cost of $49,760 USD. In order to attain a 60% reduction in poaching risk, 15,560 patrol events were needed at a cost of $1,244,800 USD. We evaluated the tradeoff between patrol cost and poaching risk based on our model by constructing a Pareto efficiency frontier and park managers found the solution for a 50% risk reduction to be a practical tradeoff based on funding constraints (comparable to recent years) and the diminishing returns between risk mitigation and cost. This expected reduction in risk required 8,558 patrol events per year at a cost of $684,640 USD. Our results suggest that optimal solutions could increase efficiency compared to the actual effort allocations from 2006 – 2016 in Nyungwe National Park (e.g., risk reductions of ~30% under recent budgets compared to ~50% reduction in risk under the optimal strategy). The modeling framework in this study took into account imperfect detection of poaching risk as well as the directional and conditional nature of ranger patrol events given the spatial adjacency relationships of neighboring sites and access points. Our analyses can help to improve the efficiency of ranger patrols, and the modeling framework can be broadly applied to other spatial conservation planning problems with conditional, multi-level, site selection.</p>
Data from: Herbivores enforce sharp boundaries between terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems
The transitions between ecosystems (ecotones) are often biodiversity hotspots, but we know little about the forces that shape them. Today, often sharp boundaries with low diversity are found between terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. This has been attributed to environmental factors that hamper succession. However, ecosystem properties are often controlled by both bottom-up and top-down forces, but their relative importance in shaping riparian boundaries is not known. We hypothesize that (1) herbivores may enforce sharp transitions between terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems by inhibiting emergent vegetation expansion and reducing the width of the transition zone and (2) the vegetation expansion, diversity, and species turnover are related to abiotic factors in the absence of herbivores, but not in their presence. We tested these hypotheses in 50 paired grazed and ungrazed plots spread over ten wetlands, during two years. Excluding grazers increased vegetation expansion, cover, biomass, and species richness. In ungrazed plots, vegetation cover was negatively related to water depth, whereas plant species richness was negatively related to the vegetation N:P ratio. The presence of (mainly aquatic) herbivores overruled the effect of water depth on vegetation cover increase but did not interact with vegetation N:P ratio. Increased local extinction in the presence of herbivores explained the negative effect of herbivores on species richness, as local colonization rates were unaffected by grazing. We conclude that (aquatic) herbivores can strongly inhibit expansion of the riparian vegetation and reduce vegetation diversity over a range of environmental conditions. Consequently, herbivores enforce sharp boundaries between terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems.
Data from: Mridha S and Kümmerli R (2022) Enforced specialization fosters mutual cheating and not division of labour in the bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa
<p><span>A common way for bacteria to cooperate is via the secretion of beneficial public goods (proteases, siderophores, biosurfactants) that can be shared among individuals in a group. Bacteria often simultaneously deploy multiple public goods with complementary functions. This raises the question whether natural selection could favour division of labour where subpopulations or species specialise in the production of a single public good, whilst sharing the complementary goods at the group level. Here we use an experimental system, where we mix engineered specialists of the bacterium <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> that can each only produce one of the two siderophores, pyochelin or pyoverdine, and explore the conditions under which specialization can lead to division of labour. When growing pyochelin and pyoverdine specialists at different mixing ratios under different levels of iron limitation, we found that specialists could only successfully complement each other in environments with moderate iron limitation and grow as good as the generalist wildtype but not better. Under more stringent iron limitation, the dynamics in specialist communities was characterized by mutual cheating and with higher proportions of pyochelin producers greatly compromising group productivity. Nonetheless, specialist communities remained stable through negative frequency-dependent selection. Our work shows that specialization in a bacterial community can be spurred by cheating and does not necessarily result in beneficial division of labour. We propose that natural selection might favour fine-tuned regulatory mechanisms in generalists over division of labour because the former enables generalists to remain flexible and adequately adjust public good investments in fluctuating environments. </span></p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.