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16 results for “Enggano”
CLDF dataset of the Enggano word list from 1895 in Stokhof and Almanar's (1987) Holle List
<p>The repository for the digitised Enggano word list from 1895 (see Stokhof and Almanar 1987 for the original source) that has been matched with the <a href="https://engganolang.github.io/digitised-holle-list/">digitised Holle List</a> (Rajeg 2023a; cf. Stokhof 1980), providing the English and Indonesian glosses for the Enggano forms. The data set <a href="https://github.com/engganolang/holle-list-enggano-1895/actions/workflows/cldf-validation.yml">conforms</a> to the Wordlist module of the Cross-Linguistic Data Format (<a href="https://cldf.clld.org/">CLDF</a>) (Forkel et al. 2018).</p> <p><em>The work in this repository is part of the <a href="https://gtr.ukri.org/project/8AB0C3DC-F1C9-4CFA-BB4D-5BE748213372">AHRC-funded research</a> on <strong>Lexical resources for Enggano, a threatened language of Indonesia</strong> (visit the <a href="https://enggano.ling-phil.ox.ac.uk/">central webpage of the Enggano research</a> and the specific repository of the <a href="https://portal.sds.ox.ac.uk/Lexical_resources_for_Enggano">Lexical Resources for Enggano</a> project as well the <a href="https://portal.sds.ox.ac.uk/Enggano/groups">main Enggano repository</a> on the University of Oxford's Sustainable Digital Scholarship (SDS))</em></p> <h1>Updates in version 2.0.0</h1> <p>The following items summarise the major updates in version 2.0.0:</p> <ul> <li> <p><strong>Adding <a href="https://github.com/engganolang/holle-list-enggano-1895/blob/main/cldf/media.csv">MediaTable</a></strong> to accommodate <a href="https://github.com/engganolang/holle-list-enggano-1895/tree/main/img">images</a> in/for note ID <26> (commits <a href="https://github.com/engganolang/holle-list-enggano-1895/commit/dab95401f128bd4203a81294f2e9f4620d45b145">dab9540</a> & <a href="https://github.com/engganolang/holle-list-enggano-1895/commit/a0040038e2577cb37ff8ad3ac68e8bbdedc26291">a004003</a> <a href="https://github.com/engganolang/holle-list-enggano-1895/blob/a0040038e2577cb37ff8ad3ac68e8bbdedc26291/code/Enggano-Holle-List-with-NBL.R#L229-L232">at this line</a> and <a href="https://github.com/engganolang/holle-list-enggano-1895/blob/2aab3ab385fc82c0613de2aacb5947ca4981b417/code/Enggano-Holle-List-with-NBL.R#L370-L397">these lines</a>)</p> </li> <li> <p><strong>Splitting multiple forms in a cell</strong> into their own rows, both for the original list and the forms in the Notes (commit <a href="https://github.com/engganolang/holle-list-enggano-1895/commit/39cdc663843b265aa8f3c5bbdcb11628fcc17b5e">39cdc66</a> at <a href="https://github.com/engganolang/holle-list-enggano-1895/commit/39cdc663843b265aa8f3c5bbdcb11628fcc17b5e#diff-ac46f8a3edb85868970d77f55bb86c5f0449feb25c37295895c4a9e560564301R83">this line</a> and <a href="https://github.com/engganolang/holle-list-enggano-1895/commit/39cdc663843b265aa8f3c5bbdcb11628fcc17b5e#diff-ac46f8a3edb85868970d77f55bb86c5f0449feb25c37295895c4a9e560564301R83">this line</a>, and commit <a href="https://github.com/engganolang/holle-list-enggano-1895/commit/a0040038e2577cb37ff8ad3ac68e8bbdedc26291">a004003</a> at <a href="https://github.com/engganolang/holle-list-enggano-1895/commit/a0040038e2577cb37ff8ad3ac68e8bbdedc26291#diff-5b59e4a74b953f80c8867a60c422bd8405c9d6236bd61239a0d3f20b0d582b78R69">this line</a>)</p> </li> <li> <p><strong>Orthography transliteration</strong> into Enggano's common orthography and IPA (across several commits and [closed] issues [#1 #3 #4 #5 #7], but see <a href="https://github.com/engganolang/holle-list-enggano-1895/blob/2aab3ab385fc82c0613de2aacb5947ca4981b417/code/Enggano-Holle-List-with-NBL.R#L32-L93">these lines</a> for retrieving the existing orthography profile and doing the editing, and <a href="https://github.com/engganolang/holle-list-enggano-1895/blob/2aab3ab385fc82c0613de2aacb5947ca4981b417/code/Enggano-Holle-List-with-NBL.R#L220-L306">these lines</a> for running the transliteration using the <a href="https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/qlcData/index.html">qlcData</a> R package [Moran & Cysouw 2018; Cysouw 2024])</p> <ul> <li>In the <a href="https://github.com/engganolang/holle-list-enggano-1895/blob/main/cldf/forms.csv">FormTable</a>, the <code>Form</code> column contains the Enggano forms in their common orthography; the <code>Value</code> column contains their original transcription/orthography, with their tokenised/segmented formats available under the <code>Graphemes</code> column; the <code>Segments</code> column, finally, contains the segmented IPA transliteration of the Enggano forms (cf. #6 ). The <code>Comment</code> column is derived from the contents of the Notes. It includes, if any, Enggano forms in their original transcription followed by their segmented/tokenised forms in IPA in square brackets, their glosses in English (<strong>EN</strong>) and/or Indonesian (<strong>ID</strong>) inside the bracket, and finally the ID of the Notes in the original document inside angular brackets. The <code>English</code> and <code>Indonesian</code> columns respectively are glosses of the given language from the master/main Holle List (Stokhof 1980) that has been digitised (Rajeg 2023a).</li> <li>The output files of the orthography profiling and transliteration (commit <a href="https://github.com/engganolang/holle-list-enggano-1895/commit/2aab3ab385fc82c0613de2aacb5947ca4981b417">2aab3ab</a>) are available in <a href="https://github.com/engganolang/holle-list-enggano-1895/tree/main/data-raw">data-raw</a> with the file names prefixed with <code>ortho-...</code>.</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <h2>References</h2> <p>Cysouw, Michael. 2024. qlcData: Processing Data for Quantitative Language Comparison. https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/qlcData/index.html. (25 December, 2024). Version 0.3</p> <p>Forkel, Robert, Johann-Mattis List, Simon J. Greenhill, Christoph Rzymski, Sebastian Bank, Michael Cysouw, Harald Hammarström, Martin Haspelmath, Gereon A. Kaiping & Russell D. Gray. 2018. Cross-Linguistic Data Formats, advancing data sharing and re-use in comparative linguistics. Scientific Data. Nature Publishing Group 5(1). 180205. https://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2018.205.</p> <p>Moran, Steven & Michael Cysouw. 2018. The Unicode cookbook for linguists: Managing writing systems using orthography profiles (Translation and Multilingual Natural Language Processing 10). Berlin: Language Science Press. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1296780.</p> <p>Rajeg, Gede Primahadi Wijaya. 2023a. Digitised, Searchable Holle List in Stokhof (1980) [Data set]. (1.3.0). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.7972273. https://engganolang.github.io/digitised-holle-list/. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:a511951b-86fb-4019-94d4-280efa83de02</p> <p>Rajeg, Gede Primahadi Wijaya. 2023b. CLDF dataset of the Enggano word list from 1895 in Stokhof and Almanar's (1987) Holle List [Data set]. https://github.com/engganolang/holle-list-enggano-1895 https://doi.org/10.25446/oxford.23515788</p> <p>Stokhof, W. A. L., ed. 1980. Holle Lists, Vocabularies in Languages of Indonesia, Vol. 1: Introductory Volume. Vol. Materials in Languages of Indonesia. Canberra, A.C.T., Australia: Dept. of Linguistics, Research School of Pacific Studies, The Australian National University. https://core.ac.uk/reader/159464813.</p> <p>Stokhof, W. A. L., and Alma E. Almanar. 1987. Holle Lists, Vocabularies in Languages of Indonesia, Vol. 10/3: Islands Off the West Coast of Sumatra. Vol. Materials in Languages of Indonesia. Pacific Linguistics (Series d) 76. Canberra, A.C.T., Australia: Dept. of Linguistics, Research School of Pacific Studies, The Australian National University. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/144589.</p>
Tabular data of the Proto-Austronesian-to-Enggano sound changes derived from Nothofer (1992: 21)
<p>This repository provides the <a href="https://github.com/engganolang/PAN-reflexes-in-Enggano-by-Nothofer/blob/main/Nothofer_1992_21_reg-sound-reflex-of-PAN-in-ENO.tsv">digitised, tabular version</a> of the regular sound changes from Proto-Austronesian into Enggano presented in linear order in Nothofer (<a href="https://github.com/engganolang/PAN-reflexes-in-Enggano-by-Nothofer#ref-nothofer1992">1992, 21</a>). The original, image-scanned version can be seen on the <a href="https://github.com/engganolang/PAN-reflexes-in-Enggano-by-Nothofer/blob/main/README.md">README page</a> of this repository.</p> <h2>Update for version 1.0.1</h2> <ul> <li>Additional entries to capture optionality of nasalisation on the vowels.</li> </ul> <h2>How to cite</h2> <p>Cite this repository AND the original source (Nothofer 1992) as follows:</p> <blockquote> <p>Rajeg, Gede Primahadi Wijaya. 2024. Tabular data of the Proto-Austronesian-to-Enggano sound changes derived from Nothofer (1992: 21).</p> </blockquote> <blockquote> <p>Nothofer, Bernd. 1992. "Lehnwörter Im Enggano." In Kölner Beiträge Aus Malaiologie Und Ethnologie Zu Ehren von Professor Dr. Irene Hilgers-Hesse, edited by F. Schulze and Kurt Tauchmann, 1:21–32. Kölner Südostasien Studien. Bonn: Holos.</p> </blockquote>
Subspecies and Distribution. H. c. ceruinus Gould, 1854 -Sulawesi and adjacent Is, Talaud, Moluccas, Kai, and Aru Is, New Guinea (including Waigeo and Yapen Is), Admiralty Is (Manus), Bismarck and Louisiade archipelagos, NE Australia (Cape York Peninsula and Moa and Albany Is), Solomon Is, and Vanuatu. H. c. labuanensisTomes, 1859-Malay Peninsula, Sumatra (includingMentawai, Enggano, and Bangka Is), Borneo, Kangean Is, and Philippines (Palawan and Mindanao Is). in Hipposideridae
Subspecies and Distribution. H. c. ceruinus Gould, 1854 -Sulawesi and adjacent Is, Talaud, Moluccas, Kai, and Aru Is, New Guinea (including Waigeo and Yapen Is), Admiralty Is (Manus), Bismarck and Louisiade archipelagos, NE Australia (Cape York Peninsula and Moa and Albany Is), Solomon Is, and Vanuatu. H. c. labuanensisTomes, 1859-Malay Peninsula, Sumatra (includingMentawai, Enggano, and Bangka Is), Borneo, Kangean Is, and Philippines (Palawan and Mindanao Is).
Subspecies and Distribution. R. a. acuminatus Peters, 1871 - Krakatau I andJava. R. a. audax K. Andersen, 1905 — Bali and Lombok Is. . a. calypso K. Andersen, 1905 — Enggano I. R. a. circe K. Andersen, 1906 — Nias I. R. a. sumatranus K Andersen, 1905 - W Sumatra and N Borneo. Subspecific identity of mainland populations in SE Asia, as well as the Philippines (Negros, Busuanga, Palawan, and Balabac Is) is uncertain, although mainland populations resemble individuals fromJava or Lombok. in Rhinolophidae
Subspecies and Distribution. R. a. acuminatus Peters, 1871 - Krakatau I andJava. R. a. audax K. Andersen, 1905 — Bali and Lombok Is. . a. calypso K. Andersen, 1905 — Enggano I. R. a. circe K. Andersen, 1906 — Nias I. R. a. sumatranus K Andersen, 1905 - W Sumatra and N Borneo. Subspecific identity of mainland populations in SE Asia, as well as the Philippines (Negros, Busuanga, Palawan, and Balabac Is) is uncertain, although mainland populations resemble individuals fromJava or Lombok.
FIGURE 4 in A new species of Hemiphyllodactylus Bleeker, 1860 (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from Pulau Enggano, southwestern Sumatra, Indonesia
FIGURE 4. Type series of Hemiphyllodactylus engganoensis sp. nov from Pulau Enggano, Indonesia. Upper: holotype MZB.Lace 4568 (adult female). Middle: paratype MVZ 239346 (adult male). Lower: paratype MVZ 239345 (subadult female).
FIGURE 3. Paratype MVZ 239345 in A new species of Hemiphyllodactylus Bleeker, 1860 (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from Pulau Enggano, southwestern Sumatra, Indonesia
FIGURE 3. Paratype MVZ 239345 (subadult female) of Hemiphyllodactylus engganoensis sp. nov. from Pulau Enggano, Indonesia.
FIGURE 2 in A new species of Hemiphyllodactylus Bleeker, 1860 (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from Pulau Enggano, southwestern Sumatra, Indonesia
FIGURE 2. Maximum-likelihood phylogram (–lnL 22097.690183) of the genus Hemiphyllodactylus Bleeker, 1860 with Bayesian posterior probabilities and maximum-likelihood bootstrap values, respectively.
Subspecies and Distribution. B. j. javanicus d'Alton, 1823 — Java, perhaps Bali. B. j. birmanicus Lydekker, 1898 — Asian mainland including Myanmar, S China (S Yunnan, current presence uncertain), Laos, Vietnam, Thailand, Cambodia, and N Peninsular Malaysia. B. j. low: Lydekker, 1912 — Borneo. The domestic form of the Banteng has been introduced, and is now feral, in N Australia, New Guinea, and on various islands of Indonesia (Bali, Sangihe, Sulawesi, Sumbawa, Sumba, and Enggano) and occurs in domestication throughout the islands of SE Asia. in Bovidae
Subspecies and Distribution. B. j. javanicus d'Alton, 1823 — Java, perhaps Bali. B. j. birmanicus Lydekker, 1898 — Asian mainland including Myanmar, S China (S Yunnan, current presence uncertain), Laos, Vietnam, Thailand, Cambodia, and N Peninsular Malaysia. B. j. low: Lydekker, 1912 — Borneo. The domestic form of the Banteng has been introduced, and is now feral, in N Australia, New Guinea, and on various islands of Indonesia (Bali, Sangihe, Sulawesi, Sumbawa, Sumba, and Enggano) and occurs in domestication throughout the islands of SE Asia.
Subspecies and Distribution. S. s. scrofa Linnaeus, 1758 — W Europe, from Denmark, Germany, Poland, and Czech Republic to N Italy and N Iberian Peninsula; possibly also Albania. The taxonomic status of animals in Austria, Switzerland, Slovenia, and Slovakia is unclear but presumably these populations are included in scrofa, as are the populations of Sweden, Finland, and the Baltic states. However, restocking of once depleted populations, for example in Italy, has likely involved the introduction and mixing of this subspecies with other subspecies, such as attila. S. s. affinis Gray, 1847 — S India and Sri Lanka. S. s. algirus Loche, 1867 — Tunisia, Algeria, and Morocco, on the coastal side of the mountains or in the low montane areas. S. s. attila Thomas, 1912 — Hungary, Ukraine, C & S Belarus, Romania, Moldova, and S Russia towards the N flank of the Caucasus, but not including the Transcaucasian countries of Georgia, Armenia, and Azerbaijan. The range possibly extends as far S as the Mesopotamian Delta in Iraq, in which case it would likely include W & SW Iran, and possibly E Turkey and Syria, where it borders with lybicus. Such a range could not be easily reconciled with a statement by Groves that "the difference between pigs from N and S of the Caucasus is quite striking; Transcaucasian boars are certainly not attila." This subspecies may also extend into C Asia and include Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, and Turkmenistan, but no data exist to support this. S. s. baeticus Thomas, 1912 — originally described from Coto Donana, S Spain, and later merged with meridionalis; also S Portugal. Unless evidence is found that these Italian and Iberian populations are the relics of a much larger formerly contiguous range, this subspecies should be kept as distinct. S. s. coreanus Heude, 1897 — Korean Peninsula. S. s. eristatus Wagner, 1839 — Himalayas S to C India and E to Indochina (N of the Kra Isthmus). S. s. davidi Groves, 1981 — the arid zone from E Iran to Gujarat, including Pakistan and NW India, and perhaps N to Tajikistan. S. s. leucomystax Temminck, 1842 — main Is ofJapan (Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, Nakadori, Hiburijima, Tojima, Kushima, and other smaller Is). S. s. lybicus Gray, 1868 — Bulgaria, Greece, Turkey, Syria, Jordan, Israel, Palestine, in the past also in Lybia, and Egypt. The former Yugoslavia was included in its range, which would suggest that now Slovenia, Serbia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, and Kosovo are within the range of this subspecies, although the exact boundaries are unclear. Pigs from Albania have been assigned to S. s. scrofa. S. s. majori De Beaux & Festa, 1927 — C & S Italian Peninsula. S. s. menidionalis Forsyth Major, 1882 — Corsica and Sardinia, with the proviso that the two populations are very likely to be introduced or feral. S. s. moupinensis Milne-Edwards, 1871 — China, S to Vietnam and W to Sichuan. S. s. nigripes Blanford, 1875 — the flanks of the Tianshan mountains in Kyrgyzstan and NW China (Xinjiang). An animal photographed in NE Iran (Golestan) looked like this subspecies. S. s. nukiuanus Kuroda, 1924 — Iriomote, Ishigaki, Okinawa, Tokunoshima, Amamioshima, and Kakerome Is in the Ryukyu chain in extreme S Japan, though some of these populations have hybridized with introduced domesticates. S. s. sibiricus Staffe, 1922 — Mongolia and Transbaikal (S & E of Lake Baikal). S. s. tawvanus Swinhoe, 1863 — Taiwan. S. s. ussuricus Heude, 1888 — far E Russia and the Manchurian region (China). Korean populations were previously included in this subspecies, but based on new evidence, the Korean taxon seems more similar to moupinensis. S. s. vittatus Boie, 1828 — Malay Peninsula, S of the Isthmus of Kra, the offshore islands of Terutai and Langkawi, Sumatra, Riau Archipelago, Java, Bali, and a range of smaller islands around these, including Babi, Bakong, Batam, Bawean, Bengkalis, Bintan, Bulan, Bunguran, Cuyo, Deli, Durian, Enggano, Galang, Jambongan, Karimon (Riau Is), Kundur, Lagong, Laut, Lingga, Lingung, Mapor, Moro Kecil, North Pagai, Nias, Panaitan, Payong, Penang, Pinie, Rupat, Siantan, Siberut, Simeulue, Singkep, Sugi, Sugi Bawa, Telibon, Tinggi, Tuangku, and the Tambelan Is. This species was originally present from the British Is in the extreme W, through Eurasia from S Scandinavia to S Siberia, extending as far E as Korea and Japan, and SE into some of the Sunda Is and Taiwan. In the S the species ranged along the Nile Valley to Khartoum, and N of the Sahara in Africa, more orless following the continental coasts of S, E, and SE Asia. Within this range it was absent only from extremely dry deserts, e.g. the driest regions of Mongolia and in China W of Sichuan; and alpine zones, such as the high altitudes of Pamir and Tien Shan. In recent centuries, the range of S. scrofa has changed dramatically because of hunting and changes in available habitat. The species disappeared from the British Is in the 17" century, from Denmark in the 19" century, and was greatly reduced in range and numbers in the 20" century from areas as distant as Tunisia, Sudan, Germany, and Russia. Following these severe declines, there were some slight population recoveries in Russia, Italy, Spain, and Germany in the mid-20™ century, and natural and assisted range expansions in Denmark and Sweden. The species has also been inadvertently reintroduced in various locations in the Great Britain via escapees of mixed origin from commercial farming enterprises. Ex-S. scrofa stocks also occur as introduced feral populations in various other parts of the world, including Australia, New Zealand, the eastern Malay Archipelago, and in North, Central, and South America. In all of these areas they are now generally recognized as a major pest. in Suidae
Subspecies and Distribution. S. s. scrofa Linnaeus, 1758 — W Europe, from Denmark, Germany, Poland, and Czech Republic to N Italy and N Iberian Peninsula; possibly also Albania. The taxonomic status of animals in Austria, Switzerland, Slovenia, and Slovakia is unclear but presumably these populations are included in scrofa, as are the populations of Sweden, Finland, and the Baltic states. However, restocking of once depleted populations, for example in Italy, has likely involved the introduction and mixing of this subspecies with other subspecies, such as attila. S. s. affinis Gray, 1847 — S India and Sri Lanka. S. s. algirus Loche, 1867 — Tunisia, Algeria, and Morocco, on the coastal side of the mountains or in the low montane areas. S. s. attila Thomas, 1912 — Hungary, Ukraine, C & S Belarus, Romania, Moldova, and S Russia towards the N flank of the Caucasus, but not including the Transcaucasian countries of Georgia, Armenia, and Azerbaijan. The range possibly extends as far S as the Mesopotamian Delta in Iraq, in which case it would likely include W & SW Iran, and possibly E Turkey and Syria, where it borders with lybicus. Such a range could not be easily reconciled with a statement by Groves that "the difference between pigs from N and S of the Caucasus is quite striking; Transcaucasian boars are certainly not attila." This subspecies may also extend into C Asia and include Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, and Turkmenistan, but no data exist to support this. S. s. baeticus Thomas, 1912 — originally described from Coto Donana, S Spain, and later merged with meridionalis; also S Portugal. Unless evidence is found that these Italian and Iberian populations are the relics of a much larger formerly contiguous range, this subspecies should be kept as distinct. S. s. coreanus Heude, 1897 — Korean Peninsula. S. s. eristatus Wagner, 1839 — Himalayas S to C India and E to Indochina (N of the Kra Isthmus). S. s. davidi Groves, 1981 — the arid zone from E Iran to Gujarat, including Pakistan and NW India, and perhaps N to Tajikistan. S. s. leucomystax Temminck, 1842 — main Is ofJapan (Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, Nakadori, Hiburijima, Tojima, Kushima, and other smaller Is). S. s. lybicus Gray, 1868 — Bulgaria, Greece, Turkey, Syria, Jordan, Israel, Palestine, in the past also in Lybia, and Egypt. The former Yugoslavia was included in its range, which would suggest that now Slovenia, Serbia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, and Kosovo are within the range of this subspecies, although the exact boundaries are unclear. Pigs from Albania have been assigned to S. s. scrofa. S. s. majori De Beaux & Festa, 1927 — C & S Italian Peninsula. S. s. menidionalis Forsyth Major, 1882 — Corsica and Sardinia, with the proviso that the two populations are very likely to be introduced or feral. S. s. moupinensis Milne-Edwards, 1871 — China, S to Vietnam and W to Sichuan. S. s. nigripes Blanford, 1875 — the flanks of the Tianshan mountains in Kyrgyzstan and NW China (Xinjiang). An animal photographed in NE Iran (Golestan) looked like this subspecies. S. s. nukiuanus Kuroda, 1924 — Iriomote, Ishigaki, Okinawa, Tokunoshima, Amamioshima, and Kakerome Is in the Ryukyu chain in extreme S Japan, though some of these populations have hybridized with introduced domesticates. S. s. sibiricus Staffe, 1922 — Mongolia and Transbaikal (S & E of Lake Baikal). S. s. tawvanus Swinhoe, 1863 — Taiwan. S. s. ussuricus Heude, 1888 — far E Russia and the Manchurian region (China). Korean populations were previously included in this subspecies, but based on new evidence, the Korean taxon seems more similar to moupinensis. S. s. vittatus Boie, 1828 — Malay Peninsula, S of the Isthmus of Kra, the offshore islands of Terutai and Langkawi, Sumatra, Riau Archipelago, Java, Bali, and a range of smaller islands around these, including Babi, Bakong, Batam, Bawean, Bengkalis, Bintan, Bulan, Bunguran, Cuyo, Deli, Durian, Enggano, Galang, Jambongan, Karimon (Riau Is), Kundur, Lagong, Laut, Lingga, Lingung, Mapor, Moro Kecil, North Pagai, Nias, Panaitan, Payong, Penang, Pinie, Rupat, Siantan, Siberut, Simeulue, Singkep, Sugi, Sugi Bawa, Telibon, Tinggi, Tuangku, and the Tambelan Is. This species was originally present from the British Is in the extreme W, through Eurasia from S Scandinavia to S Siberia, extending as far E as Korea and Japan, and SE into some of the Sunda Is and Taiwan. In the S the species ranged along the Nile Valley to Khartoum, and N of the Sahara in Africa, more orless following the continental coasts of S, E, and SE Asia. Within this range it was absent only from extremely dry deserts, e.g. the driest regions of Mongolia and in China W of Sichuan; and alpine zones, such as the high altitudes of Pamir and Tien Shan. In recent centuries, the range of S. scrofa has changed dramatically because of hunting and changes in available habitat. The species disappeared from the British Is in the 17" century, from Denmark in the 19" century, and was greatly reduced in range and numbers in the 20" century from areas as distant as Tunisia, Sudan, Germany, and Russia. Following these severe declines, there were some slight population recoveries in Russia, Italy, Spain, and Germany in the mid-20™ century, and natural and assisted range expansions in Denmark and Sweden. The species has also been inadvertently reintroduced in various locations in the Great Britain via escapees of mixed origin from commercial farming enterprises. Ex-S. scrofa stocks also occur as introduced feral populations in various other parts of the world, including Australia, New Zealand, the eastern Malay Archipelago, and in North, Central, and South America. In all of these areas they are now generally recognized as a major pest.
Subspecies and Distribution. B.j.javanicusd'Alton,1823—Java,perhapsBali. B.j.birmanicusLydekker,1898—AsianmainlandincludingMyanmar,SChina(SYunnan,currentpresenceuncertain),Laos,Vietnam,Thailand,Cambodia,andNPeninsularMalaysia. B. j. low: Lydekker, 1912 — Borneo. The domestic form of the Banteng has been introduced, and is now feral, in N Australia, New Guinea, and on various islands of Indonesia (Bali, Sangihe, Sulawesi, Sumbawa, Sumba, and Enggano) and occurs in domestication throughout the islands of SE Asia. in Bovidae
Subspecies and Distribution. B.j.javanicusd'Alton,1823—Java,perhapsBali. B.j.birmanicusLydekker,1898—AsianmainlandincludingMyanmar,SChina(SYunnan,currentpresenceuncertain),Laos,Vietnam,Thailand,Cambodia,andNPeninsularMalaysia. B. j. low: Lydekker, 1912 — Borneo. The domestic form of the Banteng has been introduced, and is now feral, in N Australia, New Guinea, and on various islands of Indonesia (Bali, Sangihe, Sulawesi, Sumbawa, Sumba, and Enggano) and occurs in domestication throughout the islands of SE Asia.
On following pages: 660. Roof Rat (Rattusrattus); 661. Oriental House Rat (Rattus tanezumi); 662. Nicobar Archipelago Rat (Rattus burrus); 663. Car Nicobar Rat (Rattus palmarum); 664. Himalayan Rat (Rattus pyctoris); 665. Ranjini's Rat (Rattus ranjiniae); 666. Sahyadris Forest Rat (Rattus satarae); 667. Andaman Archipelago Rat (Rattus stoicus); 668. Sri Lankan Mountain Rat (Rattus montanus); 669. Pacific Rat (Rattus exulans); 670. Indochinese Forest Rat (Rattus andamanensis): 671. Ricefield Rat (Rattus argentiventen: 672. Losea Rat (Rattus losea); 673. White-footed Indochinese Rat (Rattus nitidus); 674. Osgood's Vietnamese Rat (Rattus osgood)); 675. Little Indochinese Field Rat (Rattus sakeratensis); 676. Burnished Enggano Rat (Rattus adustus); 677. Kinabalu Rat (Rattus baluensis); 678. Aceh Rat (Rattus blangorum); 679. Enggano Island Rat (Rattus enganus), 680. Hoogerwerf's Sumatran Rat (Rattus hoogerwerfi); 681. Sumatran Mountain Rat (Rattus korinchi); 682. Mentawai Archipelago Rat (Rattus lugens); 683. Gag Island Rat (Rattus nikenii); 684. Simalur Archipelago Rat (Rattus simalurensis); 685. Malaysian Field Rat (Rattus tiomanicus); 686. South-western Xanthurus Rat (Rattus bontanus); 687. Hoffmann's Sulawesi Rat (Rattus hoffmanni); 688. Koopman's Peleng Island Rat (Rattus koopmani); 689. Marmoset Xanthurus Rat (Rattus marmosurus); 690. Lampobatang Sulawesi Rat (Rattus mollicomulus). in Muridae
On following pages: 660. Roof Rat (Rattusrattus); 661. Oriental House Rat (Rattus tanezumi); 662. Nicobar Archipelago Rat (Rattus burrus); 663. Car Nicobar Rat (Rattus palmarum); 664. Himalayan Rat (Rattus pyctoris); 665. Ranjini's Rat (Rattus ranjiniae); 666. Sahyadris Forest Rat (Rattus satarae); 667. Andaman Archipelago Rat (Rattus stoicus); 668. Sri Lankan Mountain Rat (Rattus montanus); 669. Pacific Rat (Rattus exulans); 670. Indochinese Forest Rat (Rattus andamanensis): 671. Ricefield Rat (Rattus argentiventen: 672. Losea Rat (Rattus losea); 673. White-footed Indochinese Rat (Rattus nitidus); 674. Osgood's Vietnamese Rat (Rattus osgood)); 675. Little Indochinese Field Rat (Rattus sakeratensis); 676. Burnished Enggano Rat (Rattus adustus); 677. Kinabalu Rat (Rattus baluensis); 678. Aceh Rat (Rattus blangorum); 679. Enggano Island Rat (Rattus enganus), 680. Hoogerwerf's Sumatran Rat (Rattus hoogerwerfi); 681. Sumatran Mountain Rat (Rattus korinchi); 682. Mentawai Archipelago Rat (Rattus lugens); 683. Gag Island Rat (Rattus nikenii); 684. Simalur Archipelago Rat (Rattus simalurensis); 685. Malaysian Field Rat (Rattus tiomanicus); 686. South-western Xanthurus Rat (Rattus bontanus); 687. Hoffmann's Sulawesi Rat (Rattus hoffmanni); 688. Koopman's Peleng Island Rat (Rattus koopmani); 689. Marmoset Xanthurus Rat (Rattus marmosurus); 690. Lampobatang Sulawesi Rat (Rattus mollicomulus).
Distribution. Probable original distribution includes SE Bangladesh, Myanmar, Laos, Vietnam, Taiwan, Thailand, Cambodia, Malay Peninsula, Sumatra (including offshore Is of Simeulue, Nias, Mentawai Archipelago, and Enggano), Borneo, Java, Bali, and many nearby Is. Introduced into the Philippines, Sulawesi, Moluccas, Lombok, Sumbawa, Flores, Timor, and various other Is in more ancient times (in the last 2000-3000 years) and also to many Melanesian and Pacific Is, including Ryukyu, Hawaii, Christmas, Cocos (= Keeling), Palau, Northern Mariana, Guam, Micronesia, Marshall, Nauru, Kiribati, New Guinea, Bismarck, Solomon, Tuvalu, Tokelau, Futuna, Vanuatu, New Caledonia, Fiji, Samoa, Tonga, Niue, Cook, French Polynesia, Norfolk, New Zealand, and Adele. in Muridae
Distribution. Probable original distribution includes SE Bangladesh, Myanmar, Laos, Vietnam, Taiwan, Thailand, Cambodia, Malay Peninsula, Sumatra (including offshore Is of Simeulue, Nias, Mentawai Archipelago, and Enggano), Borneo, Java, Bali, and many nearby Is. Introduced into the Philippines, Sulawesi, Moluccas, Lombok, Sumbawa, Flores, Timor, and various other Is in more ancient times (in the last 2000-3000 years) and also to many Melanesian and Pacific Is, including Ryukyu, Hawaii, Christmas, Cocos (= Keeling), Palau, Northern Mariana, Guam, Micronesia, Marshall, Nauru, Kiribati, New Guinea, Bismarck, Solomon, Tuvalu, Tokelau, Futuna, Vanuatu, New Caledonia, Fiji, Samoa, Tonga, Niue, Cook, French Polynesia, Norfolk, New Zealand, and Adele.
Distribution. Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Palawan (and adjacent Bancalan, Arena, Busuanga, and Calauit Is), Borneo, Java, Bali, many smaller offshore Is (Tioman, Enggano, Maratua Archipelago, Panjang, Rabu Rabu, Sangka Laki, Bilang Bilangan, Eraban, and Miang Besar), and perhaps Busuanga I. in Muridae
Distribution. Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Palawan (and adjacent Bancalan, Arena, Busuanga, and Calauit Is), Borneo, Java, Bali, many smaller offshore Is (Tioman, Enggano, Maratua Archipelago, Panjang, Rabu Rabu, Sangka Laki, Bilang Bilangan, Eraban, and Miang Besar), and perhaps Busuanga I.
FIGURE 1 in A new species of Hemiphyllodactylus Bleeker, 1860 (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from Pulau Enggano, southwestern Sumatra, Indonesia
FIGURE 1. Location of the type locality, Pulau Enggano, Indonesia.
Distribution. Enggano I in Muridae
Distribution. Enggano I, off SW Sumatra.
Distribution. Thai-Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Borneo, Java, and Sulawesi and several offshore islands (Mergui Archipelago, Adang/Rawi Is, Langkawi I, Redang I, Tioman and Aur Is, Karimata I); also on Simeulue and Babi Is, Nias I, Batu Is (TanahbalaI), Mentawai Is (Siberut and Sipora Is), Enggano, Anambas Is, Natuna I, Riau Archipelago, Bangka, and Belitung Is; it might also occur on Buton I. in Emballonuridae
Distribution. Thai-Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Borneo, Java, and Sulawesi and several offshore islands (Mergui Archipelago, Adang/Rawi Is, Langkawi I, Redang I, Tioman and Aur Is, Karimata I); also on Simeulue and Babi Is, Nias I, Batu Is (TanahbalaI), Mentawai Is (Siberut and Sipora Is), Enggano, Anambas Is, Natuna I, Riau Archipelago, Bangka, and Belitung Is; it might also occur on Buton I.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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OpenNeuro
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