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44 results for “Erythroxylaceae”
Morphological and molecular evidence support elevating Erythroxylum macrophyllum var. savannarum (Erythroxylaceae) to specific status
<p><em>Erythroxylum macrophyllum</em> is a morphologically variable and widely distributed species complex in Central and South America with several sub-specific taxa and numerous species included in its synonymy. A single variety grows in the Colombo-Venezuelan savanna region which can be distinguished from the rest of the <em>E. macrophyllum</em> complex by the size of leaves, cataphyll and stipule characteristics, and shape of calyx lobes. A molecular phylogeny reconstructed from 519 nuclear genes also reveals that the savanna variety is more closely related to <em>E. acuminatum </em>and <em>E. pauciflorum</em> than <em>E. macrophyllum</em>. This phylogenomic evidence also suggests <em>Erythroxylum </em>sect. <em>Macrocalyx</em>, to which <em>E. macrophyllum</em> belongs, is a polyphyletic taxonomic section. We thus propose elevating this variety to specific status. We provide an updated taxonomic description, information about its habitat and distribution, and justify its IUCN categorization of Near Threatened (NT).</p>
FIG. 5 in Novelties in Erythroxylum P.Browne (Erythroxylaceae) from the Comoros Archipelago: two new, range-restricted and threatened species, and notes on the Mount Choungi biogeographical singularity
FIG. 5. — Distribution of Erythroxylum choungiense E.Bidault, Traclet & M.Pignal, sp. nov. (♦) and E. labatii E.Bidault & M.Pignal, sp. nov. (●) in the Comoros archipelago.
FIG. 4. — Erythroxylum labatii E.Bidault & M in Novelties in Erythroxylum P.Browne (Erythroxylaceae) from the Comoros Archipelago: two new, range-restricted and threatened species, and notes on the Mount Choungi biogeographical singularity
FIG. 4. — Erythroxylum labatii E.Bidault & M.Pignal, sp. nov.: A, stem and immature fruits; B, inflorescence with flower buds and stem portion with cataphylls; C, long-styled flower; D, mature fruit; E, short-styled flower; A, D, photos by J.-N. Labat, B, E, photos by E. Bidault, C, photo by G. Viscardi.
FIG. 1. — Erythroxylum choungiense E in Novelties in Erythroxylum P.Browne (Erythroxylaceae) from the Comoros Archipelago: two new, range-restricted and threatened species, and notes on the Mount Choungi biogeographical singularity
FIG. 1. — Erythroxylum choungiense E.Bidault, Traclet & M.Pignal, sp. nov.: A, habit (dry); B, habit (fresh); C, detail of leaf venation; D, long-styled flower; E, shortstyled flower; F, short-style flower with corolla fallen; G, mature fruit; H, seed; A, C, D-F, Guiot 03 (MAO), B, G, H, no voucher. Drawings by Ludivine Longou. Scale bars: A, B, 2 cm; C, 3 mm; D, E, 1 mm; F, 2 mm; G, H, 1 mm.
FIG. 3. — Erythroxylum labatii E.Bidault & M in Novelties in Erythroxylum P.Browne (Erythroxylaceae) from the Comoros Archipelago: two new, range-restricted and threatened species, and notes on the Mount Choungi biogeographical singularity
FIG. 3. — Erythroxylum labatii E.Bidault & M.Pignal, sp. nov.: A, detail of stem; B, long-styled flower; C, short-styled flower with corolla fallen; D, short-styled flower; E, immature fruit; F, mature fruit; G, habit, dry; H, detail of inflorescence with flower buds; I, detail of cataphyll, abaxial side; A, C, G-I, Labat et al. 3212 (P); B, D, Bidault et al. 63 (P); E, F, Labat et al. 3787 (P). Drawings by Anne-Hélène Paradis. Scale bars: A, B, 2 mm; C, 1 mm; D, 2 mm; E, F, 3 mm; G, 2 cm; H, 2 mm; I, 1 mm.
FIG. 2. — Erythroxylum choungiense E in Novelties in Erythroxylum P.Browne (Erythroxylaceae) from the Comoros Archipelago: two new, range-restricted and threatened species, and notes on the Mount Choungi biogeographical singularity
FIG. 2. — Erythroxylum choungiense E.Bidault, Traclet & M.Pignal, sp. nov.: A, habit; B, terminal leaves with red young leaves; C, long-styled flower; D, shortstyled flowers; E, upper surface of leaves and immature fruits; F, mature fruit and seed; G, lower surface of leaves showing cordate base; A, B, E-G, photos by S. Traclet, C, D, photos by V. Guiot.
Linked collectors and determiners for: Novelties in Erythroxylum P. Browne (Erythroxylaceae) from the Comoros Archipelago: two new, range-restricted and threatened species, and notes on the Mount Choungi biogeographical singularity.
Natural history specimen data linked to collectors and determiners held within, "Novelties in Erythroxylum P. Browne (Erythroxylaceae) from the Comoros Archipelago: two new, range-restricted and threatened species, and notes on the Mount Choungi biogeographical singularity". Claims or attributions were made on Bionomia by volunteer Scribes, <a href="https://bionomia.net/dataset/0855d04a-b2c7-4fd0-90d4-efcdf49b11fd">https://bionomia.net/dataset/0855d04a-b2c7-4fd0-90d4-efcdf49b11fd</a> using specimen data from the dataset aggregated by the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, <a href="https://gbif.org/dataset/0855d04a-b2c7-4fd0-90d4-efcdf49b11fd">https://gbif.org/dataset/0855d04a-b2c7-4fd0-90d4-efcdf49b11fd</a>. Formatted as a Frictionless Data package.
Morphological and molecular evidence support elevating Erythroxylum macrophyllum var. savannarum (Erythroxylaceae) to specific status
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FIGURES 18–19 in Myrciariamyia admirabilis, a new species of gall midge (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae) associated with Erythroxylum suberosum (Erythroxylaceae)
FIGURES 18–19. Gall of Myrciariamyia admirabilis Maia, sp.nov. on Erythroxylum suberosum (Erythroxylaceae).
FIGURES 7–9 in Myrciariamyia admirabilis, a new species of gall midge (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae) associated with Erythroxylum suberosum (Erythroxylaceae)
FIGURES 7–9. Myrciariamyia admirabilis Maia, sp.nov. 7, Male, foretarsal claw and empodium. 8, Male abdominal segment 3 to end (dorsolateral). 9, Female abdominal segments 4 to end (dorsolateral).
FIGURE 2 in A new species of Erythroxylum (Erythroxylaceae) from Colombia and Panama
FIGURE 2. Distribution map of Erythroxylum setosum sp. nov. (red circles) and Erythroxylum acuminatum (dark blue triangles).
FIGURE 1 in A new species of Erythroxylum (Erythroxylaceae) from Colombia and Panama
FIGURE 1. Illustration of Erythroxylum setosum. A. Branch. B. Stipule and setae. C. Flower with removed petals, D. Petal adaxially. E. Gynoecium. Based on L. Forero 216A (MO), by A. Jara.
FIGURE 1. Erythroxylum sobraleanum. A in Erythroxylum sobraleanum (Erythroxylaceae): A new species from Southeastern Brazil
FIGURE 1. Erythroxylum sobraleanum. A. General appearance of a branch. B. Leaf. C. Stipule, frontal view. D. Detail of a branch showing stipules and flowers. E. Petals. F. Dolichostylous flower (a petal was removed). A–C (from Sobral 14248 HUFSJ); D–F (from Silveira et al. s.n. CESJ 30636); drawn by Francisco Átila Leles Magalhães).
FIGURE 2. Erythroxylum sobraleanum. A in Erythroxylum sobraleanum (Erythroxylaceae): A new species from Southeastern Brazil
FIGURE 2. Erythroxylum sobraleanum. A. General appearance of a branch. B. Detail of a branch showing stipules and flowers (Pictures by Marcos Sobral).
FIGURE 4 in Vallissiana universitaria (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae): a new genus and species of leaf-mining moth associated with Erythroxylum (Erythroxylaceae) in the Atlantic Forest of Brazil
FIGURE 4. Schematic representation of V. universitaria larva and pupa: sap-feeding larva of the second instar, (A) dorsal, (B) ventral; tissue-feeding larva of the fourth instar, (C) dorsal, (D) ventral; pupa, (E) dorsal, (F) ventral; (G) chaetotaxy of last larval instar. Scale bars: (A–B) 100, (C–F) 500 µm, (G) 1 mm.
FIGURE 3 in Vallissiana universitaria (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae): a new genus and species of leaf-mining moth associated with Erythroxylum (Erythroxylaceae) in the Atlantic Forest of Brazil
FIGURE 3. Wing venation, abdomen and genitalia morphology of V. universitaria: (A) forewing and hindwing venation; (B) male last, dorsal; (C) male genitalia, ventral (phallus omitted); (D) valva, region of cucullus (indicated by rectangular area marked in C), ventral; (E) valva, detail of process at basal third (indicated by area marked in C), ventral; (F) phallus, lateroventral; (G) spines of cornuti in detail (indicated by rectangular area marked in F), latero-ventral; (H) female genitalia, ventral; (I) signum (indicated by square area marked in H), ventral; (J) sterigma in detail, (indicated by rectangular area marked in H) ventral. Scale bars: (A) 1mm; (B) 200, (C) 100, (D) 15; (E) 10; (F) 50; (G) 20; (H) 200; (I)10; (J) 50 µm.
FIGURE 7 in Vallissiana universitaria (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae): a new genus and species of leaf-mining moth associated with Erythroxylum (Erythroxylaceae) in the Atlantic Forest of Brazil
FIGURE 7. Pupal characters of V. universitaria. Head (A) dorsal, (B) ventral, (C) lateral; (D) left prothoracic depression in detail (indicated by rectangular area marked in A), dorsal; (E) spiracle on A3, latero-dorsal; (F) sixth and seventh abdominal segments, dorsal (right spiracles are indicated by arrows); last abdominal segment, (G) lateral, (H) dorsal; (I) lateral spine of last abdominal segment in detail (indicated by square area marked in H). Scale bars: (A–C) 100, (D) 20, (E) 10, (F) 100, (G–H) 50, (I) 10 µm.
FIGURE 6 in Vallissiana universitaria (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae): a new genus and species of leaf-mining moth associated with Erythroxylum (Erythroxylaceae) in the Atlantic Forest of Brazil
FIGURE 6. Morphology of V. universitaria tissue-feeding larva (fourth instar): head, (A) dorsal, (B) antero-ventral, (C) lateral; (D) labrum, dorsal; (E) spinneret, lateral; (F) maxilla, lateral; (G) antenna, lateral; (H) mesothoracic leg, lateral; (I) detail of tarsal claw (indicated by rectangular area marked in H), latero-posterior; (J) pseudopodium on A3, ventral; (K) spiracle on A4, lateral; (L) anal plate, postero-dorsal; (M) pseudopodia on A10, ventral. Scale bars: (A–C) 100, (D) 20, (E–G) 10, (H) 25, (I) 5, (J) 10, (K) 25, (L) 5, (M) 50 µm.
FIGURE 9 in Vallissiana universitaria (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae): a new genus and species of leaf-mining moth associated with Erythroxylum (Erythroxylaceae) in the Atlantic Forest of Brazil
FIGURE 9. Transverse histological sections of V. universitaria mine on Erythroxylum argentinum leaf, showing changes in damage throughout larval ontogeny. (A) sap-feeding instar uses the adaxial epidermis (closed arrows point to cut cell walls of adaxial epidermis); (B) first tissue-feeding instar starts using the upper cell layers of palisade parenchyma (open arrows point to cell fragments of parenchyma left attached to damaged epidermis); (C) last tissue-feeding instar causes general damage, consuming all parenchyma cells. Ad, adaxial surface of epidermis; Ab, abaxial surface of epidermis; Lm, leaf mine; Pp, palisade parenchyma; Sp, spongy parenchyma. Scale bars = (A-C) 100µm.
FIGURE 5 in Vallissiana universitaria (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae): a new genus and species of leaf-mining moth associated with Erythroxylum (Erythroxylaceae) in the Atlantic Forest of Brazil
FIGURE 5. Morphology of V. universitaria sap-feeding larva (second instar): head, (A) dorsal (B) ventral, (C) lateral; (D) antenna in detail (indicated by rectangular area marked in A), dorsal; (E) mouthparts in detail (indicated by rectangular area marked in B), (asterisks indicate labial palpi and arrow points to spinneret), ventral; (F) spiracle on T1, lateral; prothoracic and mesothoracic segments, (G) dorsal, (H) ventral; (I) callus on T1 (indicated by square area marked in H), ventral. Scale bars: (A–C) 50, (D) 5, (E) 10, (F) 5, (G–H) 50 (I) 5 µm.
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