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14 results for “Erythroxylum coca”
The origins of coca: museum genomics reveals multiple independent domestications from progenitor Erythroxylum gracilipes
<p>Coca is the natural source of cocaine as well as a sacred and medicinal plant farmed by South American Amerindians and mestizos. The coca crop comprises four closely related varieties classified into two species (Amazonian and Huánuco varieties<i> </i>within <i>Erythroxylum coca</i> Lam., and Colombian and Trujillo varieties within<i> E. novogranatense </i>(D.Morris) Hieron.) but our understanding of their wild progenitor(s) and origins remains rudimentary. In this study we use genomic data from natural history collections to estimate the geographic origins and genetic diversity of this economically and culturally important crop in the context of its wild relatives. Our phylogeographic analyses clearly demonstrate the four varieties of coca comprise two or three exclusive groups nested within the diverse lineages of the widespread, wild species <i>E. gracilipes</i>; establishing a new and robust hypothesis of domestication wherein coca originated two or three times from this wild progenitor. The Colombian and Trujillo coca varieties are descended from a single, ancient domestication event in northwestern South America. Huánuco coca was domesticated more recently, possibly in southeastern Peru. Amazonian coca either shares a common domesticated ancestor with Huánuco coca, or it was the product of a third and most recent independent domestication event in the western Amazon basin. This chronology of coca domestication reveals different Holocene peoples in South America were able to independently transform the same natural resource to serve their needs; in this case, a workaday stimulant.</p>
The origins of coca: museum genomics reveals multiple independent domestications from progenitor Erythroxylum gracilipes
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Data from: Phylogenetic inference in section Archerythroxylum informs taxonomy, biogeography, and the domestication of coca (Erythroxylum species)
This investigation establishes the first sequence-based phylogenetic hypothesis of species relationships in the Coca family (Erythroxylaceae). We focused our phylogenomic inference on the largest taxonomic section in the genus Erythroxylum (Archerythroxylum O. E. Schulz) using concatenation and gene tree reconciliation methods from hybridization-based target capture of 427 genes. We show that Neotropical Erythroxylum are monophyletic within the Paleotropical lineages, yet Archerythroxylum and all of the other taxonomic sections from which we sampled multiple species lack monophyly. We mapped phytogeographic states onto the tree and found some concordance between these regions and clades. The wild species E. gracilipes and E. cataractarum are most closely related to the cultivated E. coca and E. novogranatense but relationships within this "coca" clade remain equivocal, suggesting a more complicated origin than Plowman's single-domestication hypothesis. Our results point to the difficulty of morphology-based intrageneric classification in this clade and highlight the importance of integrative taxonomy in future systematic revisions. In compliance with data protection regulations, please contact the publication office if you would like to have your personal information removed from the database.
Erythroxylum coca decontaminated_FSCR
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Erythroxylum coca decontaminated gx
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Erythroxylum coca Zanfona pass 1
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Erythroxylum coca zanfona pass 3
<p>Reference: Erythroxylum novo in 2K fragments.</p>
Erythroxylum coca zanfona pass 2
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Erythroxylum coca zanfona pass 3
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Erythroxylum coca zanfona pass 1
<p>Reference: Erythroxylum novo. </p> <p>Inferred gap lengths.</p>
Erythroxylum coca zanfona 1
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Erythroxylum coca SPAdes preassembly
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Data from: Phylogenetic inference in section Archerythroxylum informs taxonomy, biogeography, and the domestication of coca (Erythroxylum species)
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Erythroxylum coca Zanfona pass_2
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