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23 results for “Eudicots”
Genomic incongruence accompanies the evolution of flower symmetry in Eudicots: a case study in the poppy family (Papaveraceae, Ranunculales)
<p>Nuclear and plastid datasets and phylogenomic workflow associated to "Genomic Incongruence Accompanies the Evolution of Flower Symmetry in Eudicots: a case study in the poppy family (Papaveraceae, Ranunculales)", published in <em>Frontiers in Plant Science </em>15:1340056.<br>This compressed file (poppy_repo.zip) contains a markdown readme file (poppy_readme.md) describing the phylogenomic workflow followed, as well as two dataset folders (poppy_nuc and poppy_pl) divided into four (aln_nuc, gtr_nuc, sptr_nuc, and chrono_nuc) and three (aln_pl, sptr_pl, and chrono_pl) subfolders, respectively.<br>The nuclear folder (poppy_nuc) comprises shrunk and trimmed alignments (aln_nuc), ML gene trees (gtr_nuc), coalescent species trees (sptr_nuc), and a time tree (chrono_nuc).<br>The plastid folder (poppy_pl) comprises shrunk and trimmed alignments (aln_pl), a concatenated ML species tree (sptr_pl), and a time tree (chrono_pl).<br>The research article is available at https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/plant-science/articles/10.3389/fpls.2024.1340056 (doi: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1340056).</p>
Data from: A eudicot MIXTA family ancestor likely functioned in both conical cells and trichomes
<p>The <em>MIXTA</em> family of MYB transcription factors modulate the development of diverse epidermal features in land plants. This study investigates the evolutionary history and function of the <em>MIXTA </em>gene family in the early-diverging eudicot model lineage <em>Thalictrum </em>(Ranunculaceae), with R2R3 SBG9-A MYB transcription factors representative of the pre core-eudicot duplication and thus hereby referred to as "paleo<em>MIXTA</em>" (<em>PMX</em>).</p> <p>Cloning and phylogenetic analysis of <em>Thalictrum paleoMIXTA</em> (<em>ThPMX</em>) orthologs across 23 species reveals a genus-wide duplication coincident with a Whole Genome Duplication. Expression analysis by qPCR confirmed the highest expression is found in carpels, while newly revealing high expression in leaves and nuanced differences between paralogs in representative polyploid species. The single copy ortholog from the diploid species <em>T. thalictroides </em>(<em>TthPMX</em>, previously <em>TtMYBML2</em>),<em> </em>which has petaloid sepals with conical papillate cells and trichomes on leaves, was functionally characterized by virus induced gene silencing (VIGS) and its role in leaves was also assessed from heterologous over-expression in tobacco. Another ortholog from a species with conical papillate cells on stamen filaments, <em>TclPMX</em>, was also targeted for silencing. Overexpression assays in tobacco provide further evidence that the <em>paleoMIXTA</em> lineage has the potential for leaf trichome function in a core eudicot. Transcriptome analysis by RNA-Seq on leaves of VIGS-treated plants suggests<em> </em>that <em>TthPMX </em>modulates<em> </em>leaf trichome development and morphogenesis through microtubule-associated mechanisms and that this may be a conserved pathway for eudicots. These experiments provide evidence for a combined role for <em>paleoMIXTA</em> orthologs in (leaf) trichomes and (floral) conical papillate cells that, together with data from other systems, makes the functional reconstruction of a eudicot ancestor most likely as also having a combined function.</p>
Data from: The polygenic strategies of host-specific and general virulence of Botrytis cinerea across diverse eudicot hosts
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Data from: A eudicot MIXTA family ancestor likely functioned in both conical cells and trichomes
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Monocots and eudicots have more conservative flower water use strategies than basal angiosperms
<p>Water balance is crucial for the growth and flowering of plants. However, the mechanisms by which flowers maintain water balance are poorly understood across different angiosperm branches. Here, we investigated 30 floral hydraulic and economics traits in 24 species from ANA grade, magnoliids, monocots, and eudicots. We found that basal angiosperms had richer petal stomatal density, higher pedicel hydraulic diameter, and flower mass per area, but lower pedicel vessel wall reinforcement, and epidermal cell thickness, compared to monocots and eudicots. This indicates that basal angiosperms maintain water balance with high water supply and consumption, while monocots and eudicots maintain water balance more conservatively. We also observed significant trade-offs and coordination among different floral traits. Specifically, pedicel theoretical hydraulic conductivity was positively correlated with petal stomatal density, flower water potential at turgor loss point, and maximum vessel diameter, but was negatively correlated with flower construction cost, vessel density, and pedicel vessel wall reinforcement. Floral traits associated with reproduction, such as floral longevity and size, were strongly linked with its physiological and anatomical traits. Our results systematically reveal the variation in flower economics and hydraulic traits from different angiosperm branches, deepening the understanding of flower water use strategies among these plant taxa.</p>
Modelling trait heterogeneity and inferring causal links in the macroevolution of growth habit in eudicot angiosperms
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Monocots and eudicots have more conservative flower water use strategies than basal angiosperms
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Data from: Leaf abaxial and adaxial surfaces differentially affect the interaction of Botrytis cinerea across several eudicots
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A targeted phylogenetic approach helps explain New World functional diversity patterns of two eudicot lineages.
<p>Aim: </p> <p>Large-scale functional diversity studies typically examine isolated traits, often without phylogenetic context. Here, we integrate data from five life-history traits with phylogeny and occurrence records to asses: (1) correlated latitudinal gradients of trait combinations; (2) which traits show phylogenetic conservatism; (3) quantitative, clade-specific differences in trait syndromes, illustrating the phylogenetic scale of observable variation in ecological strategies.</p> <p>Location: </p> <p>The Americas.</p> <p>Taxon: </p> <p>Ericales (Asterids) and Fabales (Rosids).</p> <p>Methods: </p> <p>We used publicly-available trait data sets on height, seed mass, wood density, leaf mass per area (LMA), and growth form, an open-source phylogeny, and georeferenced occurrence records to investigate functional diversity patterns. We employed phylogenetic generalized least squares and phylogenetic principal components analyses (pPCA) to assess correlated trait evolution and quantify the trait syndrome, respectively. We employed the InfoMap Ecoregions web app to cluster species by bioregions. We used standard statistical tests and randomization simulations to assess statistical significance of results.</p> <p>Results:</p> <p>Ericales and Fabales exhibited a biogeographically-consistent, phylogenetically-conserved trait syndrome. Moving poleward, species exhibited progressively smaller trait values and more herbaceous and shrubby growth forms (except for LMA, which showed no consistent pattern). We quantified latitudinal variation in this trait syndrome using pPCA, and provide evidence for correlated trait evolution.</p> <p>Main conclusions:</p> <p>We demonstrate a functional trait syndrome involving height, seed mass, wood density, and growth form, but not LMA. Functional trait values showed consistent latitudinal patterns and evidence of correlated evolution, suggesting an underlying ecological strategy. Further, the two clades showed quantitative differences in the manifestation of this trait syndrome. Variation in the syndrome was best observed among species from con-ordinal families. We interpret this trait syndrome as a strategy of resource acquisition in which habitats with relatively greater soil nutrient content and a shorter growing season favor shorter stature, lower seed mass and wood density, and shrubby or herbaceous growth form.</p>
Data from: Testing the association of phenotypes with polyploidy: An example using herbaceous and woody eudicots
Although numerous studies have surveyed the frequency with which different plant characters are associated with polyploidy, few statistical tools are available to identify the factors that potentially facilitate polyploidy. We describe a new probabilistic model, BiChroM, designed to associate the frequency of polyploidy and chromosomal change with a binary phenotypic character in a phylogeny. BiChroM provides a robust statistical framework for testing differences in rates of polyploidy associated with phenotypic characters along a phylogeny while simultaneously allowing for evolutionary transitions between character states. We used BiChroM to test whether polyploidy is more frequent in woody or herbaceous plants, based on tree with 4,711 eudicot species. Although polyploidy occurs in woody species, rates of chromosome doubling were over six times higher in herbaceous species. Rates of single chromosome increases or decreases were also far higher in herbaceous than woody species. Simulation experiments indicate that BiChroM performs well with little to no bias and relatively little variance at a wide range of tree depths when trees have at least 500 taxa. Thus, BiChroM provides a first step towards a rigorous statistical framework for assessing the traits that facilitate polyploidy.
FIGURE 9 in Morphology of pollen in Apiales (Asterids, Eudicots)
FIGURE 9. Traits with the highest importance for pollen identification, continued. Empirical distributions, median and tolerance intervals for quantitative standardised traits. For details, see caption to Fig. 8.
FIGURE 8. Traits with the highest importance for pollen identification. A, C, E in Morphology of pollen in Apiales (Asterids, Eudicots)
FIGURE 8. Traits with the highest importance for pollen identification. A, C, E: Empirical distributions, median and tolerance intervals for quantitative standardised traits. Grey violin plots represent truncated kernel density estimates, i.e., the lower and upper boundaries of a violin plot are empirical min. and max., respectively. White circles stand for sample median. Black bars represent nonparametric tolerance intervals covering at least 80% of the population with 90% confidence. B, D, F: Empirical distributions of qualitative traits. For a given taxon and trait, the radius of each circle is proportional to the fraction of species having a given state of the trait. A sum of the fractions larger than unity indicate the presence of polymorphic species within a given taxon. Trait symbols are the same as in Fig. 6 and in the text.
PLATE 8 in Morphology of pollen in Apiales (Asterids, Eudicots)
PLATE 8. Pollen grains of Scandiceae (A–I) and representatives of North American Licusticum clade (J & K). A: Astrodaucus orientalis (L.) Drude, B: Torilis japonica (Houtt.) DC., C: Turgenia latifolia (L.) Hoffm., D: Daucus carota L., E: Laser archangelica (Wulfen) Spalik & Wojew., F: Laserpitium latifolium L., G: Silphiodaucus prutenicus (L.) Spalik, Wojew., Banasiak, Piwczyński & Reduron, H: Thapsia villosa L., I: Ferula glauca L., J: Meum athamanticum Jacq., K: Mutellina purpurea (Poir.) Reduron, Charpin & Pimenov.
FIGURE 7 in Morphology of pollen in Apiales (Asterids, Eudicots)
FIGURE 7. Principal component analysis of raw measurements (A) and standardised quantitative traits (B) with loadings visualised as red arrows. The numbers along axes indicate the percentage of variance explained by each principal component.
PLATE 9 in Morphology of pollen in Apiales (Asterids, Eudicots)
PLATE 9. Pollen grains of apioid superclade. A: Aegopodium podagraria L., B: Carum carvi L., C: Falcaria vulgaris Bernh., D: Ammoides pusilla (Brot.) Breistr., E: Carum buriaticum Turcz., F: Crithmum maritimum L., G: Elaeosticta allioides (Regel & Schmalh.) Kljuykov, Pimenov & V.N.Tikhom., H: Elwendia persica (Boiss.) Pimenov & Kljuykov, I: Scaligeria napiformis (Spreng.) Grande, J: Schrenkia vaginata (Ledeb.) Fisch. & C.A.Mey., K: Aphanopleura capillifolia (Regel & Schmalh.) Lipsky, L: Pimpinella anisum L., M: Pimpinella peregrina L., N: Pimpinella saxifraga L., O: Ammi majus L., P: Anethum graveolens L., Q: Petroselinum crispum (Mill.) Fuss, R: Rutheopsis herbanica (Bolle) A.Hansen & G.Kunke.
PLATE 7 in Morphology of pollen in Apiales (Asterids, Eudicots)
PLATE 7. Pollen grains of Scandiceae and relatives. A: Lecokia cretica (Lam.) DC., B: Smyrnium olusatrum L., C: Aciphylla aurea W.R.B.Oliv., D: Ligusticum scoticum L., E: Pleurospermum hookeri C.B.Clarke, F: Anthriscus cerefolium (L.) Hoffm., G: Anthriscus sylvestris subsp. sylvestris (L.) Hoffm., H: Athamanta cretensis L., I: Chaerophyllum aromaticum L., J: Chaerophyllum aureum L., K: Chaerophyllum hirsutum L., L: Chaerophyllum temulum L., M: Conopodium majus (Gouan) Loret, N: Osmorhiza aristata (Thunb.) Makino & Jabe, O: Scandix pecten-veneris L., P: Scandix stellata Banks & Sol., Q: Sphallerocarpus gracilis (Besser ex Trevir.) Koso- Pol.
FIGURE 7. Monocots and Eudicots. A. Trichocentrum microchilum, B. Trichocentrum ascendens, C. Aporocactus flagelliformis, D. Disocactus phyllantoides, E. Epiphyllum hookeri, F. Mammillaria haageana, G. Echeveria rosea, H in Mexican Vascular Epiphytes: Richness and Distribution
FIGURE 7. Monocots and Eudicots. A. Trichocentrum microchilum, B. Trichocentrum ascendens, C. Aporocactus flagelliformis, D. Disocactus phyllantoides, E. Epiphyllum hookeri, F. Mammillaria haageana, G. Echeveria rosea, H. Columnea schiedeana. (Photographs by Adolfo Espejo-Serna).
Data from: Testing the association of phenotypes with polyploidy: An example using herbaceous and woody eudicots
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A targeted phylogenetic approach helps explain New World functional diversity patterns of two eudicot lineages
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Data from: Eudicot pollen-feeding in a Cretaceous stinging wasp (Angiospermae; Hymenoptera: Aculeata)
<p>Angiosperms and their insect pollinators form a foundational symbiosis, evidence for which from the Cretaceous is mostly indirect, based on fossils of insect taxa that today are anthophilous, and of fossil insects and flowers that have apparent anthophilous and entomophilous specializations, respectively. We present exceptional direct evidence preserved in mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber, 100 mya, for feeding on pollen in the eudicot genus <i>Tricolporoidites</i> by a basal new aculeate wasp, <i>Prosphex anthophilos</i>, gen. et sp. nov., in the lineage that contains the ants, bees, and other stinging wasps. Plume of hundreds of pollen grains wafts from its mouth and an apparent pollen mass was detected by micro-CT in the buccal cavity: clear evidence that the wasp was foraging on the pollen. Eudicots today comprise nearly three-quarters of all angiosperm species. <i>Prosphex</i> feeding on <i>Tricolporoidites</i> supports the hypothesis that relatively small, generalized insect anthophiles were important pollinators of early angiosperms.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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OpenNeuro
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