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22 results for “Eupsophus”
FIGURE 7 in Description of a new species of Eupsophus (Amphibia: Neobatrachia) from the Valdivian Coastal range, Southern Chile: an integrative taxonomic approach
FIGURE 7. Vertebral column of Eupsophus altor sp. nov. (IZUA 3619) in dorsal (A), and ventral (B) views. Left acetabulum of Eupsophus altor sp. nov. (C). Dorsal views of the hand (D) and foot (E) of Eupsophus altor sp. nov. Bar indicates 5 mm. (C1–C4= carpal bones; T1–T3 = tarsal bones).
FIGURE 6 in Description of a new species of Eupsophus (Amphibia: Neobatrachia) from the Valdivian Coastal range, Southern Chile: an integrative taxonomic approach
FIGURE 6. Skull of Eupsophus altor sp. nov. (IZUA 3619); in dorsal (A),ventral (B), and lateral (C) views. Pectoral girdle (D) and hyoid plate (E) of Eupsophus altor sp. nov. Bar indicates 5 mm. Gray areas indicate cartilaginous tissue.
FIGURE 5. A in Description of a new species of Eupsophus (Amphibia: Neobatrachia) from the Valdivian Coastal range, Southern Chile: an integrative taxonomic approach
FIGURE 5. A. Holotype of Eupsophus altor sp. nov. (IZUA 3607) from Cerro Oncol (Valdivia Province). B: Terrestrial embryos of Eupsophus altor sp. nov. C: Nest with tadpoles of Eupsophus altor sp. nov. Stage 30. D: Tadpoles at stages 37–41. Stages according to Gosner (1960). Bar indicates 10 mm.
FIGURE 4 in Description of a new species of Eupsophus (Amphibia: Neobatrachia) from the Valdivian Coastal range, Southern Chile: an integrative taxonomic approach
FIGURE 4. Single tree recovered in the Maximum Likelihood analysis; Bayesian analyses recovered a consensus tree with identical topology. The support indexes for each of the nodes are Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian posterior probabilities. Labels correspond to species and sampling localities (RV =Reserva Valdivia, LP =Lago Pellaifa, SM = Bosque San Martín, SV =La Saval, BM = Bahía Mansa).
FIGURE 1 in Description of a new species of Eupsophus (Amphibia: Neobatrachia) from the Valdivian Coastal range, Southern Chile: an integrative taxonomic approach
FIGURE 1. Distributional map of Eupsophus altor sp. nov. Numbers indicate the following localities: 1 Cerro Oncol (Type Locality), 2 Curiñanco, 3 Chan-Chán, 4 Alepue. (See coordenates in the text).
FIGURE 2 in The tadpole of Eupsophus nahuelbutensis (Anura: Neobatrachia): external morphology, chondrocranium, and comments on its natural history
FIGURE 2. Comparisons of the scores of the samples of E. nahuelbutensis, E. emiliopugini, E. roseus and E. vertebralis tadpoles in the space of the first two discriminant functions and the percentage of contribution of each function to the total variance in the sample.
FIGURE 1 in The tadpole of Eupsophus nahuelbutensis (Anura: Neobatrachia): external morphology, chondrocranium, and comments on its natural history
FIGURE 1. Tadpole of Eupsophus nahuelbutensis at Stage 31. (A) Lateral view, (B) Dorsal view, (C) Oral disc, and (D) Ventral view. Bar equals 1 mm.
FIGURE 3 in The tadpole of Eupsophus nahuelbutensis (Anura: Neobatrachia): external morphology, chondrocranium, and comments on its natural history
FIGURE 3. Chondrocranium of Eupsophus nahuelbutensis (Stage 31). (A) Dorsal view, (B) ventral view, (C) lateral view, and (D) ventral view of hyobranchial apparatus. Abbreviations: cb I–IV = ceratobranchials I-IV, ch = ceratohyal, co = cartilago orbitalis, cot = commissura terminalis, cqa = commissura quadratocranialis anterior, ct = cornua trabeculae, faq = fascies articularis quadrati, fca = foramen caroticum primarium, fcr = foramen craniopalatinum, foc = foramen oculomotorium, fop = foramen opticum magnum, fpo = foramen prooticum, hp = hypobranchial plate, i = cartilago infrarostralis, m = cartilago meckeli, nc = notochordal cannal, oc = otic capsule, pa = processus anterolateralis hyalis, pac = processus anterior hyalis, paq = pars articularis quadrati, pas = processus ascendens, pm = processus muscularis quadrati, pph = processus posterior hyalis pq = palatoquadrate, pr = pars reuniens, sa = pars alaris, sc = pars corporis, ts = tectum synoticum, ttm = taenia tecti marginalis, up = urobranchial process. Bars equals 1 mm.
Figure 4 from: Cuevas CC, Sanhueza R (2020) Geographic boundaries and natural history notes of the microendemic endangered frog Eupsophus migueli Formas, 1977 (Alsodidae) in the Mahuidanche Range, southern Chile. ZooKeys 929: 79-92. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.929.35984
Figure 4 Scheme of the life history data of E. migueli (this paper) and E. altor. Data for E. altor were obtained from Núñez et al. (2012).
Figure 1 from: Cuevas CC, Sanhueza R (2020) Geographic boundaries and natural history notes of the microendemic endangered frog Eupsophus migueli Formas, 1977 (Alsodidae) in the Mahuidanche Range, southern Chile. ZooKeys 929: 79-92. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.929.35984
Figure 1 A Distribution map of Eupsophus migueli. The red polygon corresponds to an updated distribution area of E. migueli, and it is formed by georeferenced landmarks including new records (this paper), old records (including the type locality, Mehuín, and nearby localities Queule and Pichicuyín) and other documented points (Méndez et al. 2005, Contreras 2014, Miranda 2015) B specimen of E. migueli from Colehual Alto.
Figure 3 from: Cuevas CC, Sanhueza R (2020) Geographic boundaries and natural history notes of the microendemic endangered frog Eupsophus migueli Formas, 1977 (Alsodidae) in the Mahuidanche Range, southern Chile. ZooKeys 929: 79-92. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.929.35984
Figure 3 Habitat of Eupsophus migueliA, D native forest with anthropogenic disturbance in Boroa Norte 1 B pine monoculture with undergrowth habitat of Aristotelia chilensis in Boroa Norte 4 C, E native forest in El Socorro.
Figure 2 from: Cuevas CC, Sanhueza R (2020) Geographic boundaries and natural history notes of the microendemic endangered frog Eupsophus migueli Formas, 1977 (Alsodidae) in the Mahuidanche Range, southern Chile. ZooKeys 929: 79-92. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.929.35984
Figure 2 Dorsal (capitals) and ventral (lowercase) patterns of pigmentation in Eupsophus migueli from different localities along its distribution range. A Dorsal pattern of dark brown (Socorro) a ventral white with longitudinal spots (El Socorro, Boroa Norte) B dorsal yellow pattern and b belly with yellow crosslinks (El Socorro) C dorsal pattern yellow with brown spots and c belly with yellow longitudinal spots (El Socorro, Boroa Norte) D dorsal pattern dark brown and d belly with whitish faded spots. All specimens were adults ranging in size from 4 to 5 cm.
Figure 6 from: Correa C, Durán F (2019) Taxonomy, systematics and geographic distribution of ground frogs (Alsodidae, Eupsophus): a comprehensive synthesis of the last six decades of research. ZooKeys 863: 107-152. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.863.35484
Figure 6 Consensus phylogram (50% mayority-rule) of the Bayesian analysis of the mitochondrial fragments cytochrome c oxidase subunit I and cytochrome b. For simplicity, the outgroup (Alsodesnorae) is not shown. Colored branches indicate the specimens of the two putative species: Villarrica (green) and Tolhuaca (red). The values next to the nodes are the posterior probabilities (pp); asterisks represent maximum values (pp = 1). Note that all species currently recognized (Suárez-Villota et al. 2018b) are supported by high pp values (> 0.97), except for both of the vertebralis group, wich are not reciprocally monophyletic. The scale bar under the tree represents the expected substitutions per site.
Figure 4 from: Correa C, Durán F (2019) Taxonomy, systematics and geographic distribution of ground frogs (Alsodidae, Eupsophus): a comprehensive synthesis of the last six decades of research. ZooKeys 863: 107-152. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.863.35484
Figure 4 Cryptic coloration and variation of coloration patterns in two undetermined populations of the Eupsophusroseus group A adult females from Pidenco, showing cryptic coloration resembling the forest ground; insets show head profiles of the same individuals B adults and juveniles from Las Lianas exemplifying variation in coloration patterns. Both localities were included as Eupsophus sp. in the map of Fig. 3.
Figure 5 from: Correa C, Durán F (2019) Taxonomy, systematics and geographic distribution of ground frogs (Alsodidae, Eupsophus): a comprehensive synthesis of the last six decades of research. ZooKeys 863: 107-152. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.863.35484
Figure 5 Examples of intrapopulation external variation in adult specimens of the type localities of two species of the Eupsophusroseus group AEupsophusroseus from Valdivia BEupsophusmigueli from Mehuín. Both examples illustrate the variation in dorsal and ventral (B) coloration, iris color and snout shape.
Figure 1 from: Correa C, Durán F (2019) Taxonomy, systematics and geographic distribution of ground frogs (Alsodidae, Eupsophus): a comprehensive synthesis of the last six decades of research. ZooKeys 863: 107-152. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.863.35484
Figure 1 Composition of the genus Eupsophus between 1961 and 2018 according to several reviews and studies. Year of species description is provided in parentheses. Capurro (1958) and Cei (1958, 1960, 1962a, 1962b) recognized the same two species of Grandison (1961), but with different names (see comment in Cei 1962b). †Revalidated by Formas and Vera (1982) (removed from the synonymy of E.roseus). ‡Undescribed species from Isla Wellington (Chile), sister to E.calcaratus. §It appears as Eupsophus sp. 1 in Blotto et al. (2013). |Probable undescribed species from Tolhuaca (Chile), sister to E.roseus. ¶Putative species from Villarrica (Chile), sister to E.roseus.
Figure 3 from: Correa C, Durán F (2019) Taxonomy, systematics and geographic distribution of ground frogs (Alsodidae, Eupsophus): a comprehensive synthesis of the last six decades of research. ZooKeys 863: 107-152. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.863.35484
Figure 3 Compilation of localities of Eupsophus species gathered from the literature (see the complete list of localities in Appendix 1). Multicolored circles and the star indicate localities where two or three species of the same group have been reported in the same or different sources. White circles indicate the localities where two undescribed species have been identified (Villarrica and Tolhuaca), two undetermined populations included in this study (Fig. 4) and several ones considered by Correa et al. (2017) as E.roseus, whose taxonomic status is uncertain according to the current taxonomy (Suárez-Villota et al. 2018b). Thin gray lines within Chile represent boundaries of Administrative Regions.
Figure 2 from: Correa C, Durán F (2019) Taxonomy, systematics and geographic distribution of ground frogs (Alsodidae, Eupsophus): a comprehensive synthesis of the last six decades of research. ZooKeys 863: 107-152. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.863.35484
Figure 2 Phylogenetic hypotheses of Eupsophus obtained with DNA sequences. In some of these studies several phylogenetic analyses were made but here we show the hypotheses preferred by the authors. The trees were simplified by merging the terminal nodes by species or other relevant groupings and uniforming the branch lengths, but maintaining the original topologies. The numbers next to the nodes indicate the bootstrap or jackknife support values for the maximum parsimony (MP) analyses or posterior probability for those of Bayesian inference (BI). Black circles over the nodes indicate maximum support. The number of specimens included for each taxon or population is indicated in parentheses (omitted when only one was included). When relevant, the localities of origin of some specimens are indicated in parentheses. For simplicity, some names were abbreviated (for example, Esep = E.septentrionalis; Esp = Eupsophus sp.). Below the trees are indicated the gene fragments used, whether they are mitochondrial (mt) or nuclear (nuc), the analysis strategy (concatenated: ctd; species tree: st) and the phylogenetic reconstruction method used. ANuñez (2003); this is the only tree of those shown where morphological characters (15) were included to build it BNuñez et al. (2011); the only one of these studies where not all species of the genus were included; lineages A-F were considered a priori as E.calcaratusCBlotto et al. (2013); the alternative position of E.septentrionalis (with its respective support value) obtained with a Bayesian analysis of the same data set is shown in red; the method used was MP with direct optimization (do); the support values correspond to jackknife absolute frequencies DCorrea et al. (2017); note that several undescribed populations (Eupsophus sp. = Esp) appear intermixed with some nominal species of the roseus group; in this analysis E.contulmoensis (Econ) and E.nahuelbutensis (Enah) make up a clade but they are not reciprocally monophyletic ESuárez-Villota et al. (2018a); in this analysis E.vertebralis (Ever) and E.emiliopugini (Eemi) are not reciprocally monophyletic FSuárez-Villota et al. (2018b); they obtained a different topology within the roseus group in maximum likelihood and BI analyses of the same concatenated data set (not shown).
FIGURE 8 in Description of a new species of Eupsophus (Amphibia: Neobatrachia) from the Valdivian Coastal range, Southern Chile: an integrative taxonomic approach
FIGURE 8. Tadpole of Eupsophus altor sp. nov. (IZUA 3621) (Stage 33, Gosner 1960). Lateral (A), dorsal (B) and ventral (D) views; oral disc (C). Bar indicates 5 mm (A, B, D), and 1.5 mm (C).
FIGURE 9 in Description of a new species of Eupsophus (Amphibia: Neobatrachia) from the Valdivian Coastal range, Southern Chile: an integrative taxonomic approach
FIGURE 9. Chromosomes of Eupsophus altor sp. nov. (IZUA 3620). Bar indicates 10µm. Asterisk indicates chromosome with secondary constriction.
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