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5 results for “Eusthenopteron foordi”
Fig. 4 in A microanatomical and histological study of the postcranial dermal skeleton in the Devonian sarcopterygian Eusthenopteron foordi
Fig. 4. Scale ultrastructure of the sarcopterygian Eusthenopteron foordi Whiteaves, 1881 (MNHM 06−615A) from the Late Devonian, Escumenac Bay, Quebec, Canada. A. Transmitted natural light, semi−thin section. Toluidine blue staining showing three vertically−sectioned scales. The organic matrix is stained in the external layer; in the basal plate, the mineral remnants are black (arrow). B. Nomarski interference optical micrograph. Semi−thin vertical section of a demineralised scale. Fractures are abundant, but the general organisation of the scale is still preserved. C. Transmitted natural light, semi−thin section, toluidine blue staining. Detail of the outer layer where a fuzzy material forms intensively stained stratified lines (arrow). D. Nomarski interference optical micrograph. Semi−thin vertical section. The surface of the basal plate shows parallel ripples. Micro−organisms, probably bacteria, are attached to the side of the basal plate (arrow). E. TEM. Demineralised basal plate of scale. The closely packed fibrils, roughly oriented in the same direction, are connected by bridges. F. TEM. Basal plate. Detail showing the regularly spaced bridges connecting two adjacent fibrils (arrows). G. TEM. Partially demineralised scale. Regularly distributed mineral crystals remain attached to the fibrils (arrowheads). Some fibrils show a discernible periodic structure (arrows). Abbreviations: bp, basal plate; el, external section.
Fig. 2 in A microanatomical and histological study of the postcranial dermal skeleton in the Devonian sarcopterygian Eusthenopteron foordi
Fig. 2. Enlarged scales of the sarcopterygian Eusthenopteron foordi Whiteaves, 1881 (MNHM 06−342) from the Late Devonian, Escumenac Bay, Quebec, Canada. A. SEM. Ornamentation of the outer surface of an enlarged dermal scale. B. SEM. Detail of the ornamentation of the outer surface of an enlarged dermal scale. The holes (arrows) correspond with the aperture of vascular canals. C. Vertical section of an enlarged dermal scale in transmitted natural light (C1) and in polarised light (C2). The outer layer composed of superficial parallel−fibered bone covers a discontinuous layer of woven−fibered bone containing primary and secondary osteons. Sharpey's fibres (white arrows) cross the superficial parallel−fibered bone. The basal plate is characterised by the presence of lamellar bone. D. Transmitted natural light (detail of C). The outer layer of an enlarged dermal scale. The secondary osteon is separated by a resorption line (black arrowhead) from the surrounding primary bone where Sharpey's fibres (white arrow) are abundant. Insert: the primary osteon, showing the absence of a resorption line (black arrowheads). Abbreviations: lb, lamellar bone; pf, parallel−fibered bone; post, primary osteon; sost, secondary osteon; vc, vascular canal; wf, woven−fibered bone.
Text-fig. 4. Dorsal view of endocranium of a Devonian osteolepiform (Eusthenopteron foordi). Derivatives of the teniform cartilages blue (cf. fig. 7 in Bjerring 2015). ab: anterolateral bar of otico-occipital (Jarvik 1954) which corresponds to the orbitoparietal commissure of the armadillo; rfsa: endoskeleton above the supra-auditive fossa which corresponds to the parietal lamina of the armadillo; tn: tectum nasi; to: tectum orbitae which corresponds to the orbital cartilage and the orbitonasal commissure of the armadillo. in Cartilago Teniformis And Its Derivatives: Additional Information On The Basic Composition And Evolution Of The Skull
Text-fig. 4. Dorsal view of endocranium of a Devonian osteolepiform (Eusthenopteron foordi). Derivatives of the teniform cartilages blue (cf. fig. 7 in Bjerring 2015). ab: anterolateral bar of otico-occipital (Jarvik 1954) which corresponds to the orbitoparietal commissure of the armadillo; rfsa: endoskeleton above the supra-auditive fossa which corresponds to the parietal lamina of the armadillo; tn: tectum nasi; to: tectum orbitae which corresponds to the orbital cartilage and the orbitonasal commissure of the armadillo.
Data from: Computed tomography, anatomical description and three-dimensional reconstruction of the lower jaw of Eusthenopteron foordi Whiteaves, 1881 from the Upper Devonian of Canada
The cranial anatomy of the iconic early tetrapod Eusthenopteron foordi is probably the best understood of all fossil fishes. In contrast, the anatomy of the lower jaw – crucial for both phylogenetics and biomechanical analyses – has been only superficially described. Computed tomography data of three Eusthenopteron skulls were segmented using visualization software to digitally separate bone from matrix and individual bones from each other. Here, we present a new description of the lower jaw of Eusthenopteron based on microcomputed tomography data, including the following: detailed description of sutural morphology and the mandibular symphysis; confirmed occurrence of pre- and intercoronoid fossae on the dorsal aspect of the lower jaw; and the arrangement of the submandibular bones. Furthermore, we identify a novel dermal ossification, the postsymphysial, present on the anteromedial aspect of the lower jaw in Eusthenopteron and describe its distribution in other stem tetrapod taxa. Sutural morphology is used to infer load regimes and, along with overall skull and lower jaw morphology, suggests that Eusthenopteron may have used biting along with suction feeding to capture and consume large prey. Finally, visualization software was used to repair and reconstruct the lower jaw, resulting in a three-dimensional digital reconstruction.
Data from: Computed tomography, anatomical description and three-dimensional reconstruction of the lower jaw of Eusthenopteron foordi Whiteaves, 1881 from the Upper Devonian of Canada
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