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66 results for “Eye development”
Anthropogenic emissions of CH4, N2O, F-gases and BC from GAINS, for EU-countries plus CH, NO, UK developed under the EYE-CLIMA project - March 2025 update
<p><span>As part of the EYE-CLIMA project, GAINS emission data for CH<sub>4</sub>, N<sub>2</sub>O, BC and selected F-gases (HFC-125, HFC-134a, HFC-143a, HFC-23, HFC-32 and SF<sub>6</sub></span>) were released for all EU-27 countries plus UK, Switzerland, and Norway for the period 1990 to 2020 (with exception of F-gases, from 2005 only, and BC/CH<sub>4</sub> emissions from agricultural waste burning, from 2000). Results have been documented in EYE-CLIMA deliverable D2.8 (<a href="http://folk.nilu.no/~rthompson/eyeclima_reports/EYECLIMA_D2.8.pdf">http://folk.nilu.no/~rthompson/eyeclima_reports/EYECLIMA_D2.8.pdf</a>), and they are publicly available at the Zenodo repository under <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11032177">https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11032177</a>. All data is available on a 0.1°x0.1° grid and in monthly resolution. Emissions are attributed to the respective source categories according to GNFR.</p> <p>The motivation of an update resulted from the need to extending the emission data time series to 2023. With underlying statistics and national emission data currently available till 2022 only (the latter submitted to UNFCCC only by December 2024), the historical data series also could only be established for 2022. Here we use the GAINS scenario feature to extrapolate between 2022 historical data and the first scenario point, 2025 which is based on IEA’s Word Energy Outlook 2023 (https://www.iea.org/reports/world-energy-outlook-2023). Obviously, this also means that emission results for 2023 are not any more based on robust statistics but represent an extrapolation.</p> <p>Extrapolation of spatially explicit data is only possible when the spatial resolution conveys a realistic signal. For the sector “agricultural waste burning” (files with “AWB” as sector, see notation below) spatial allocation is based on actual observation from satellites. As such data products on agricultural fires have been made available until 2022 only, no spatial or temporal signal exists for 2023. The time series provided thus has to end in 2022. No recommendation can be given to modellers, other than to either use 2022 also for 2023 (understanding that the pattern will be strikingly different) or to use a five-year average (which will remove a lot of spatial specificity).</p> <p>The updated dataset covers files as follows (internally, all files now carry version number V05):</p> <p>ALL_FLUX_ALL_EUR_MOD_MONTH_19900101_20231231_GAINS_IIASA_V05.csv</p> <p>BC_FLUX_ALL_EUR_MOD_MONTH_19900101_20231231_GAINS_IIASA_V05.nc</p> <p>BC_FLUX_AWB_EUR_MOD_MONTH_20000101_20221231_GAINS_IIASA_V05.nc</p> <p>CH4_FLUX_ALL_EUR_MOD_MONTH_19900101_20231231_GAINS_IIASA_V05.nc</p> <p>CH4_FLUX_AWB_EUR_MOD_MONTH_20000101_20221231_GAINS_IIASA_V05.nc</p> <p>HFC_FLUX_ALL_EUR_MOD_YEAR_20050101_20231231_GAINS_IIASA_V05.nc</p> <p>N2O_FLUX_ALL_EUR_MOD_MONTH_19900101_20231231_GAINS_IIASA_V05.nc</p> <p>SF6_FLUX_ALL_EUR_MOD_YEAR_20050101_20231231_GAINS_IIASA_V05.nc</p> <p>This is version 2.0 of the dataset. It extends from version 1.0 by covering into the year 2023, but also benefits from a number of additional GAINS improvements. Emissions of emitted compounds are provided as kg/m²/s. File names follow the notation developed for the H-Europe project EYE-CLIMA, i.e. species _ variable-type _ sector _ region _ method (MOD=model) _ timestep _ fromTime _ toTime _ model _ institute _ version . filetype.</p> <p>This version is available at <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15536170">https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15536170</a>. The generic address of the dataset is <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10886780">https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10886780</a>, resolving to the latest update available at Zenodo. No further updates are planned in EYE-CLIMA, so this version is expected to also reflect the final update within the project.</p> <p>Compared to version 1.0, GAINS benefitted from a number of new developments such as the following:</p> <p>*) Previously, GAINS has been available in five-year timesteps only (with the aim of allowing for scenarios at that resolution). For data version 1.0, a makeshift solution was found to convert into annual data. A recent update now allows, for historic data, to store and retrieve information on an annual basis (from 1990).</p> <p>*) The energy data were obtained from IEA’s world energy balances 2024 (July version, https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/data-product/world-energy-balances#documentation), extending into 2022 and extrapolated towards 2025, downscaled from IEA to GAINS sectors and sub-sectors. Additionally, the annual activity of industrial production is estimated using a linear approach, based on five-year timestep data.</p> <p>*) Agricultural statistics were retrieved from Eurostat (and from FAO globally) and extended to 2022, extrapolated towards 2025.</p> <p>*) Interpretation of GAINS data was reconfirmed and updated in consultations with national experts of multiple EU countries. While the process resulted in revised emission projections to be used in the Clean Air Outlook 4 (see <a title="Protected by Check Point: https://environment.ec.europa.eu/topics/air/clean-air-outlook_en" href="https://protect.checkpoint.com/v2/r02/___https:/environment.ec.europa.eu/topics/air/clean-air-outlook_en___.YzJlOmlpYXNhOmM6bzoyYzdiNDRhNDI4Njc3ZjI5MGFjMTU1N2I2OWVmNzM2ZTo3OjE5OTM6ZTFiY2IzMDMxZGViNGE0MjI0ODRmNWQ4NzA3ZDY3Njc4M2U2NzUxNmEwNzQ0ODViNDBhODc1NmNhZmMzY2FlMjpoOkY6Tg"><span lang="EN-GB">https://environment.ec.europa.eu/topics/air/clean-air-outlook_en</span></a><span lang="EN-GB">). While the details of improvements on the individual aspects cannot be disclosed, they are useful to describe historic data most adequately, and have been integrated also in this assessment. That not only leads to changes in absolute emissions for a given year, but also affects trends that now are more plausible and confirmed through the exchange with the national experts.</span></p> <p><span lang="EN-GB">*) Technical adjustments have improved the precision of temporal allocation of emissions and the conversion of grid sizes to actual area.</span></p>
Fig. 5 in Reproductive behavior, development and eye regression in the cave armored catfish, Ancistrus cryptophthalmus Reis, 1987 (Siluriformes: Loricariidae), breed in laboratory
Fig. 5. Left eye size (diameter, in mm) versus total length (in mm) in the seven specimens (respectively a to g) of Ancistrus cryptophthalmus of the Passa Três 2004 offspring.
Fig. 2 in Reproductive behavior, development and eye regression in the cave armored catfish, Ancistrus cryptophthalmus Reis, 1987 (Siluriformes: Loricariidae), breed in laboratory
Fig. 2. Size (total length, in mm) versus age (in days) in four specimens of Ancistrus cryptophthalmus from Passa Três Cave born in laboratory in March 2003.
Fig. 4 in Reproductive behavior, development and eye regression in the cave armored catfish, Ancistrus cryptophthalmus Reis, 1987 (Siluriformes: Loricariidae), breed in laboratory
Fig. 4. Size (total length, in mm) versus age (in days) of two wild caught specimens of Ancistrus cryptophthalmus from Angélica Cave kept in laboratory.
Fig. 1 in Reproductive behavior, development and eye regression in the cave armored catfish, Ancistrus cryptophthalmus Reis, 1987 (Siluriformes: Loricariidae), breed in laboratory
Fig. 1. (a) Reproductive adults of Ancistrus cryptophthalmus from Passa Três Cave kept in laboratory: two females (to the left) and male (to the right, dorso-posterior region of the head red-colored); arrow indicates the entrance of the shelter occupied by the male. Photograph taken on April 2004. (b) Cluster of eggs adhered to the ceiling of the shelter, average diameter = 4.0 mm. (c) Area around the shelter entrance (within the white circle) defended by the male (close to the center of the circle). (d) Clockwise from the top left: embrio (eyes visible), newly hatched larva (10.4 mm TL), more advanced larva (12.5 mm TL), with yolk-sac almost completely absorbed. (e) Top: 53 mm long juvenile from Passa Três Cave, with regressed eyes; arrow indicates the orbit reduced to a small depression covered with skin. Bottom: 53 mm long juvenile from Angélica Cave, probable the same age as the former, showing non-regressed eyes. (f) Detail of the head of the juvenile from Passa Três; arrows indicate the first primordia of tentacles.
Fig. 6 in Reproductive behavior, development and eye regression in the cave armored catfish, Ancistrus cryptophthalmus Reis, 1987 (Siluriformes: Loricariidae), breed in laboratory
Fig. 6. Eye size (diameter, in mm) versus age (in days) in three selected specimens (from left to right) of Ancistrus cryptophthalmus from Passa Três Cave; right eye on the top, left eye on the bottom.
Data from: Effect of the combination floral and diet resources on development of big-eyed bug Geocoris ochropterus (Fieber) (Hemiptera: Geocoridae) at different temperature
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Meiotic drive adaptive testes enlargement during early development in the stalk-eyed fly.
<p><span>The sex ratio 'SR' X-linked meiotic drive system in stalk-eyed flies destroys Y-</span><span>bearing sperm. Unlike other SR systems, drive males do not suffer fertility loss. They have greatly enlarged testes which compensate for gamete killing. We predicted that enlarged testes arise from extended development with resources re-allocated from the accessory glands, as these tend to be smaller in drive males. To test this, we tracked the growth of the testes and accessory glands of wild-type and drive males over 5–6 weeks post-eclosion before males attained sexual maturity. Neither of the original predictions is supported by these data. Instead, we found that the drive male testes were enlarged at eclosion, reflecting a greater allocation of resources to the testes during pupation. Testes grow at a higher rate during early adult development, but there was no evidence that this retards the growth of the accessory glands. Further experiments are proposed to investigate whether smaller accessory glands only arise in drive males post-copulation or when flies are subjected to nutritional stress. Our experimental findings support the idea that enlarged testes in drive males arise as an adaptive allocation of resources to traits that enhance male reproductive success.</span></p>
Fig. 7 in Reproductive behavior, development and eye regression in the cave armored catfish, Ancistrus cryptophthalmus Reis, 1987 (Siluriformes: Loricariidae), breed in laboratory
Fig. 7. Summary of the life cycle of Ancistrus cryptophthalmus from Passa Três Cave.
Figure 2 in Some anomalies in the development of jumping spider eyes (Araneae: Salticidae)
Figure 2. Similar ocular anomalies in a salticid (1-4) and lycosid (5-6) spider. 1-4, Salticid photographed in Mililani Mauka, Oahu, Hawaii (8 AUG 2017). 5-6, Lycosid photographed by the author (12 JUL 2013, Greenville County, South Carolina). Photo credits: 1-4, © Lowell Tyler, used with permission.
Figure 1 in Some anomalies in the development of jumping spider eyes (Araneae: Salticidae)
Figure 1. Some ocular deformations of salticids (1-2) and a lycosid (3). 1, Deformation photographed by Weng Keong Liew for a tropical salticid from southeast Asia, perhaps Cytaea. 2, Conjoining deformation of the primary eyes (AME) of a salticid photographed by Lowell Tyler in Mililani Mauka, Oahu, Hawaii (8 AUG 2017) This spider is also shown in Figure 2: 1-4. 3, Conjoining deformation of primary eyes (center, bottom row) and much larger medial secondary eyes (PME or MLE) of a lycosid spider photographed by the author (12 JUL 2013, Greenville County, South Carolina). This spider is also shown in Figure 2: 5-6.
The Development of New Functions of Esculin and Digitalis Glycosides Eye Drops: A Study on the Treatment of Presbyopia
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT07151612. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 0. Publications: 0.
Meiotic drive adaptive testes enlargement during early development in the stalk-eyed fly.
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Dateset The "blue eyed" in our school – overcoming stereotypes as the pathway to creating better conditions for pupil development in the school class - control group and equal socioeconomic status groups
<p>Dateset The “blue eyed” in our school – overcoming stereotypes as the pathway to creating better conditions for pupil development in the school class - control group and equal socioeconomic status groups</p>
Multiple sequence alignments and phylogenetic trees from: Co-option of the limb patterning program in cephalopod eye development
<p>Background</p> <p><span>Across the Metazoa, similar genetic programs are found in the development of analogous, independently evolved, morphological features. The functional significance of this reuse and the underlying mechanisms of co-option remain unclear. Cephalopods have evolved a highly acute visual system with a cup shaped retina and a novel refractive lens in the anterior, important for a number of sophisticated behaviors including predation, mating and camouflage. Almost nothing is known about the molecular-genetics of lens development in the cephalopod.</span></p> <p><span>Results</span></p> <p><span>Here we identify the co-option of the canonical bilaterian limb pattering program during cephalopod lens development, a functionally unrelated structure. We show radial expression of transcription factors <i>SP6-9/sp1, Dlx/dll, </i><i>Pbx/exd, Meis/hth, </i>and a <i>Prdl</i> homolog in the squid <i>Doryteuthis pealeii</i>, similar to expression required in <i>Drosophila</i> limb development.<i> </i>We assess the role of Wnt signaling in the cephalopod lens, a positive regulator in the developing <i>Drosophila </i>limb, and find the regulatory relationship reversed, with ectopic Wnt signaling leading to lens loss. </span></p> <p><span>Conclusion</span></p> <p><span>This regulatory divergence suggests that duplication of SP6-9 in cephalopods may mediate the co-option of the limb patterning program. Thus our study suggests that the limb network could perform a more universal developmental function in radial pattering and highlights how canonical genetic programs are repurposed in novel structures.</span></p>
Replication package for "An Exploratory Eye Tracking Study on How Developers Classify and Debug Python Code in Different Paradigms"
<p>See the README.md file for more details.</p>
CRYSTALSIGHT: ''Cohort 1.5" Clinical Investigation Study With OCCUTRACK and Tan Tock Seng Eye Clinic to Further Develop Remote Monitoring of Maculopathy at Home Using Artificial Intelligence for Eye T
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT07255885. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 10.
Study to Evaluate the Effectiveness of a Program Developed to Improve Eye Care for Veterans With Diabetes
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00119535. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Clinical Characteristics of Patients Developing Chronic Dry Eye After Refractive Surgery
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT05600985. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Development of Eye-tracking Based Markers for Autism in Young Children
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03286621. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
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