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36 results for “Fall armyworm”
Raw Data for Publication "Desmodium Volatiles in "Push-Pull" Cropping Systems and Protection Against the Fall Armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda"
<p>This repository contains all raw and processed data related to the publication titled "Desmodium Volatiles in "Push-Pull" Cropping Systems and Protection Against the Fall Armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda" written by Daria M. Odermatt, Frank Chidawanyika, Daniel M. Mutyambai, Bernhard Schmid, Luiz A. Domeignoz-Horta, Collins O. Onjura, Amanuel Tamiru and Meredith C. Schuman.</p> <p>The data is subdivided in four sections:</p> <ol> <li>Volatile sampling of Desmodium intortum, D. incanum, and maize headspaces</li> <li>Oviposition bioassays comparing moth egg-laying preferences on maize vs. Desmodium (direct and indirect exposure)</li> <li>Choice assays evaluating moth behavior in response to maize alone vs. maize with Desmodium volatiles</li> <li>No-choice assays evaluation moth attraction toward maize alone, maize + D. intortum and maize + D. incanum</li> </ol> <p>More detailed information is available in the README files located within each folder.</p>
Fig. 1B. Fall armyworm weights for 7 in Use of benzimidazole agar plates to assess fall armyworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) feeding on excised maize and sorghum leaves
Fig. 1B. Fall armyworm weights for 7 sorghum (off white) and maize (black) cultivars for Trial 2. Among the maize lines 'AB24E' was known to be susceptible and 'Mp708' and FAW1430' were known to be resistant to fall armyworm feeding. 'AN109', 'Collier', Entry 22, 'AN109', and 'Honey Drip' are sorghum lines. In Trial 2, fall armyworm neonate larvae were taken from the Mississippi State, Mississippi culture. Means with the same letter are not significantly different. Error bars represent one standard error of the mean.
Fig. 2A in Use of benzimidazole agar plates to assess fall armyworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) feeding on excised maize and sorghum leaves
Fig. 2A. Seven day old fall armyworm larva (arrow) fed fall armyworm-resistant maize line 'Mp708' using the benzimidazole agar plate method.
Fig. 1A. Fall armyworm weights for 7 in Use of benzimidazole agar plates to assess fall armyworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) feeding on excised maize and sorghum leaves
Fig. 1A. Fall armyworm weights for 7 sorghum (off white) and maize (black) cultivars for Trial 1. Among the maize lines 'AB24E' was known to be susceptible and 'Mp708' and FAW1430' were known to be resistant to fall armyworm feeding. 'AN109', 'Collier', Entry 22 and 'Honey Drip' are sorghum lines. In Trial 1, fall armyworm neonate larvae were taken from the Tifon, Georgia culture. Means with the same letter are not significantly different. Error bars represent one standard error of the mean.
Figure 2 in A 6-year field monitoring of fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda, in transgenic Bt maize in Brazil
Figure 2 Average number of fall armyworm larvae, Spodoptera frugiperda, collected in Bt hybrids, non-Bt hybrids and non-Bt hybrids sprayed with methomyl in 2015 and 2016 (period II), in Sete Lagoas and Nova Porteirinha. Average followed by the same upper-case letter between municipalities and same lower-case letter in each municipality do not differ statistically (Scott-Knott test at p ≤ 0.05).
Figure 1 in A 6-year field monitoring of fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda, in transgenic Bt maize in Brazil
Figure 1 Average number of fall armyworm larvae, Spodoptera frugiperda collected in Bt hybrids, non-Bt hybrids and non-Bt hybrids sprayed with methomyl from 2011 to 2014 (period I), in Sete Lagoas and Nova Porteirinha. Average followed by the same upper-case letter between municipalities and same lower-case letter in each municipality do not differ statistically (Scott-Knott test at p ≤ 0.05).
Figure 1 in Resistance of rice genotypes to fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
Figure 1 Dendrogram resulting from UPGMA multivariate cluster analysis (Euclidian distance), based on the length of larval, pre-pupal, pupal periods and total cycle (days) and total viability (%) and parameters of nutritional indices (Table 4 and Table 5) on rice genotypes for resistance to Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae).Urutaí, GO, Brazil.
Fig. 2 in Survival and development of fall armyworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in weeds during the off-season
Fig. 2. Insect survival (mean ± SE) (a), biomass (mean ± SE) (b), and injury level (mean ± SE) (c) of Spodoptera frugiperda fed with 6 weeds and maize in the greenhouse for 21 d. Means capped with the same letter do not differ significantly.
Fig. 1 in Survival and development of fall armyworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in weeds during the off-season
Fig. 1. Mean (± EP) of larval survival and pre-imaginal survival (%) (a), larval development time and pre-imaginal development time (b), and biomass of larvae and pupae of surviving individuals of Spodopterafrugiperda fed with 6 weeds and maize in laboratory conditions (c). Uppercase letters are used to compare larval stage, while lowercase letters are used to compare pupal stage. Means capped with the same letter do not differ significantly. Means followed by an asterisk (*) were zero (0), and were not used in the analysis.
Fig. 1 in Does Megaselia scalaris (Diptera: Phoridae) have potential as a biological control agent of fall armyworm?
Fig. 1. Megaselia scalaris (Diptera: Phoridae): adult female (A); eggs (B); larvae dorsal view (C); larvae ventral view (D); and pupae (E).
Figures 1–6 in Occurrence status of the fall armyworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in South Korea
Figures 1–6. Three species of Spodoptera moths. 1) Funnel trap baited with pheromone for fall armyworm. 2–3) Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) male captured in surveillance traps and genitalia. 4) Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith), male. 5) Spodoptera exigua (Hübner), male. 6) Spodoptera litura (Fabricius), male.
Adaptation by copy number variation increases insecticide resistance in the fall armyworm (vcf files)
<p>Here, I deposite vcf files used for a paper, entitled 'Adaptation by copy number variation increases insecticide resistance in the fall armyworm'.</p> <p>genotype.vcf and SNP.filtered.vcf.gz have the information of CNVs and SNPs, respectively. </p>
Analysis of the occurrence of the fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) in the winter season on the southwestern islands of Japan using the insect's strontium radiogenic isotope ratio (87Sr/86Sr)
<p><em>Spodoptera frugiperda</em>, an invasive pest insect that targets maize and other crops, first arrived in Japan in the summer of 2019. This species occurs year-round in East Asian subtropical regions such as southern mainland China and the island of Taiwan, where the mean air temperature in the coldest month is above 10°C. Adults are similarly found throughout the year on the southwestern islands of Japan. Trap monitoring there showed continuous or intermittent <em>S. frugiperda</em> catches in the 3 winter seasons since 2019. However, it was difficult to distinguish between immigrants arriving from these neighboring areas and local individuals occurring on each Japanese island. In this study, the possible natal origin of captured insects on 5 small islands (Yonagunijima, Taramajima, Okinawajima, Amamioshima, and Tanegashima) was determined by investigating the strontium radiogenic isotope ratios (<sup>87</sup>Sr/<sup>86</sup>Sr) and comparing them with those of reference hosts and insects. Since trapping data and the <sup>87</sup>Sr/<sup>86</sup>Sr values of trapped insects didn't support <em>S. frugiperda</em>'s winter breeding on the northernmost island, Tanegashima, further analysis was limited to the 4 southern islands. The <sup>87</sup>Sr/<sup>86</sup>Sr values of reference host plants and reared insects on the 4 islands ranged from 0.70929 to 0.71009, while those of catch insects ranged from 0.70885 to 0.71090. The <sup>87</sup>Sr/<sup>86</sup>Sr values of the catch insects and the reference on the 4 islands did not differ significantly. In addition, the monthly averages of daily mean air temperature in January and February 2020–2022 were above 10°C, and the wind direction at the surface was mostly from the northeast or northwest. These pieces of evidence, together with winter host availability, suggested that <em>S. frugiperda</em> occurs year-round on the islands. In other words, the year-round occurrence area of <em>S. frugiperda</em> in East Asia extends to the Japanese southwestern islands below Amamioshima Island.</p>
Fallet et al - Entomopathogenic nematodes as an effective and sustainable alternative to control the fall armyworm in Africa - Dataset and R Script
<p>We tested in field trials in Rwanda in 2022 the efficacy of entomopathogenic nematodes (EPN) to control the fall armyworm (<em>Spodoptera frugiperda </em>Smith; FAW) over a complete growing season of maize. For an exhaustive description of the method, please see the publication: Fallet et al., 2024. <em>PNAS Nexus</em>. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/pnasnexus/pgae122">https://doi.org/10.1093/pnasnexus/pgae122</a></p> <p>Briefly, the trials were conducted in six fields each containing 20 plots. In each field, five plots were attributed to one of the following treatments (n = 30 plots per treatment in total):</p> <ul> <li>Untreated control (negative control)</li> <li>EPN formulated in a Surfactant-Polymer-Formulation (SPF; e-nema GmbH, Schwentinental, Germany)</li> <li>EPN formulated in a carboxymethyl cellulose gel (Gel; Fallet et al., 2022. Biol. Control. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocontrol.2022.105086</li> <li>Cypermethrin (positive control; pyrethroid contact insecticide)</li> </ul> <p>Treatments were applied into the whorl of every plant within a plot as a 2ml spot application, starting when >30% of plants were infested with FAW. Treatments were re-applied every two weeks until the maize flowers emerged. In total, treatments were applied four times in fields I, II, II and IV, and three times in fields V and VI.</p> <p><strong>Data recorded</strong></p> <ul> <li><strong>Whorl damage:</strong><br>Whorl damage was visually assessed seven- and fourteen-days post after the first-, second- and third-treatments on 40 plants per plot using the Davis whorl damage scale (Davis et al., 1992) as described in Toepfer et al. (2021). Briefly, the Davis whorl damage scale ranges from "0" to "9", whereby a fully intact whorl is attributed a score of "0", while an almost totally destroyed whorl is attributed a score of "9". Minor damages are represented by scores ranging from 1-3, while moderate or severe damages by scores ranging from 4-6 or 7-9, respectively.</li> <li><strong>FAW infestation:</strong><br>Five days after the third application of the treatments, we evaluated FAW infestation levels. For this, ten plants were destroyed in each plot to search for caterpillars. The occurrence (yes/no) of young caterpillars (shorter than 0.5 cm) was determined as a proxy for re-infestation, whereas the number of older caterpillars (longer than 0.5 cm) was used as a proxy for treatment efficacy.</li> <li><strong>Number of cobs:</strong><br>At harvest, the number of fully-developed and underdeveloped cobs from 30 plants per plot was recorded.</li> <li><strong>Cob damage:</strong><br>Fully-devloped cobs were husked to visually evaluate cob damage, using a "0" to "3" customized damage score, where "0" represents an intact cob, while scores of "1", "2", or "3" represent minor (<5% damaged kernels), moderate (5-20% damaged kernels) or severe (>20% damaged kernels) cob damage, respectively.</li> <li><strong>Yield:</strong><br>The husked cobs from 30 plants were weighed together to estimate fresh weight (FW) yield per plot.</li> </ul> <p> </p> <p> </p>
Fig. 2 in Field efficacy of insecticides for management of invasive fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on maize in India
Fig. 2. Corn yield in field efficacy treatments in Sep planted crop in 2018.
Fig. 1 in Field efficacy of insecticides for management of invasive fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on maize in India
Fig. 1. Corn yield in field efficacy treatments in Jun planted crop in 2018.
Voltinism and life-history traits of the invasive fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) feeding on corn
<p>Voltinism and life-history traits of the invasive fall armyworm (FAW) <em>Spodoptera frugiperda</em> were investigated under semi-natural conditions for a period of two years. The FAW invaded the corn field in the suburbs of Nanchang (28° 46′ N, 115° 50′ E) in early summer and produced six complete generations. The FAW had the characteristics of short developmental time, high survival rates and strong fecundity. The development time of female pupae was significantly faster than that of male pupae, resulting in the emergence of female pupae earlier than male pupae. Except for the sixth generation in 2021, there was no significant difference between female and male sex ratio, which was close to 1:1. The FAW showed male-bias sexual size dimorphism with male pupae being significantly larger than female pupae. Unlike pupal weight, in most generations, male adult weighed significantly less than females, because the weight loss of male pupae during metamorphosis was significantly greater than that of female pupae. The seasonal variation of pupal weight did not conform to the temperature–size rule. Compared with 22.8 °C, the 29.2 °C high temperature not only significantly reduced the development time of larvae but also significantly increased pupal weight. The adult fecundity feeding on fresh corn leaves was higher than that feeding on live corn plants in most generations. In most generations, pupal weight was positively correlated with larval development time and adult weight was positively correlated with fecundity. These results add to the understanding of the evolution of life-history traits in the FAW and may have important implications for predicting population dynamics of the FAW and optimizing control strategies.</p>
Analysis of the occurrence of the fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) in the winter season on the southwestern islands of Japan using the insect’s strontium radiogenic isotope ratio (87Sr/86Sr)
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Data from:Climate-specific dynamics of fall armyworm on maize: Implications for pest monitoring and management
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FIGURE 1 in First record of fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith), (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on maize in Viet Nam
FIGURE 1. Characteristic feeding damage of Spodoptera frugiperda on young maize plants in northern Viet Nam
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