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12 results for “Film Growth”
5D-NP-FABTECH_ALD - Open Dataset for: "Shedding light on the initial growth of ZnO during plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition on vapor-deposited polymer thin films"
<p>This is the open dataset for the paper: "Demelius, L. <em>et al.</em> Shedding light on the initial growth of ZnO during plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition on vapor-deposited polymer thin films. <em>Applied Surface Science</em> <strong>604</strong>, (2022)."</p> <p>This includes the supplementary information and all the source material that was used for the paper preparation.</p> <p>For each folder (sub-dataset), there exists a corresponding readme file describing the content and including material.</p>
Data from: Carbon and Water Balances in a Watermelon Crop Mulched with Biodegradable Films in Mediterranean Conditions at Extended Growth Season Scale
<p><span>Abstract</span></p> <p><span>The uploaded data are relative to the investigation around (i) the carbon source/sink nature and, further, (ii) the water and carbon balances, of a drip-irrigated and mulched watermelon. The crop was cultivated under the semi-arid climate of the Apulia region, in south Italy.</span></p> <p><span>The used mulching films were biodegradable as indicate by the producer; plants and some non-standard fruits were left on the soil as green manure after harvesting, thus, the experiment spanned from planting to the subsequent crop (6 months of continuous measurement from June to November 2023). </span></p> <p><span>The results detailed in the original publication indicate that mulching films contribute to carbon sequestration in the soil (+19.3 gC m<sup>−2</sup>). However, this mulched watermelon represents a net carbon source, with a net biome exchange, as loss from ecosystems, equal to +230 gC m<sup>−2</sup>. This is primarily due to the substantial amount of carbon exported through marketable fruits. Fixed water scheduling led to water waste through deep percolation (approximately 1/6 of the water supplied), which also contributed to the loss of organic carbon via leaching (−4.3 gC m<sup>−2</sup>). </span></p> <p><span> </span></p> <p><span>Methods</span></p> <p><span>Site and crop</span></p> <p><span>The field site was at the CREA-AA Research Unit experimental farm located in southern Italy (Rutigliano–Bari, 41 01’ N, 17°01’ E, altitude 147 m a.s.l.)., characterized by a Mediterranean semi-arid climate (average annual rainfall of 535 mm). The soil is classified as Lithic Rhodoxeralf, with a clay texture, stable structure, shallow profile (0.6–1.1 m) and rapid drainage due to an underlying cracked limestone subsoil. The SOC content averages around 12.0 g kg<sup>−1</sup>. The field capacity and the permanent wilting point volumetric water contents are 0.36 and 0.21 m<sup>3</sup> m<sup>−3</sup>, respectively; with a bulk density of 1.15 Mg m<sup>−3</sup>, the available soil water ranges from 80 to 140 mm.</span></p> <p><span>The studied watermelon crop (seedless var. Lion king), followed a broccoli cabbage crop harvested in April and partially incorporated (0.81 kg m<sup>−2</sup> of fresh biomass in a soil layer depth of 0.30 m, corresponding to 0.69 kgH2O m<sup>−2</sup>) as green manure on 25 May 2023. Main tillage at medium depth ploughing (0.30 m) and seedbed preparation were performed between 25 and 30 May 2023; the biodegradable film mulch (model PC 100 d8, BASF, Italy, 1 m width) was applied on 1 June 2023. On the same day, driplines (2.1 Lh<sup>−1</sup> emitters, 0.60 m apart) and the main organic fertilization (Orga-Kem 6.11.8 + 11CaO, 300 kg ha<sup>−1</sup>) were also applied. The watermelon plants were transplanted on 9 June at a spacing of 2.70 m between rows and 1 m between plants, covering an area of about 4.0 ha, with a density of approximately 3200 plants ha<sup>−1</sup>. Every 6 rows, the inter-row distance was 5 m to facilitate machinery passage. The first irrigation was performed the day before planting. Crop management adhered to the usual treatments in the area including mechanical weed removal every 4 weeks, irrigation around three times per week to maintain optimal soil water conditions and monthly fertigation (ammonium sulphate 50 kg ha<sup>−1</sup>, magnesium nitrate 30 kg ha<sup>−1</sup>, calcium nitrate 60 kg ha<sup>−1</sup>, mycorrhizae 20 kg ha<sup>−1</sup>). The scalar harvest of marketable fruits occurred between 28 and 31 August 2023. After harvesting, on 25 September 2023, the fresh plant residues (0.6 kg m<sup>−2</sup> of fresh biomass, corresponding to 0.49 kgH2O m<sup>−2</sup>), unharvested fruits (4.0 kg m<sup>−2</sup> of fresh material, corresponding to 3.7 kgH2O m<sup>−2</sup>) and the mulching film were chopped by a tractor shredder and ploughed in two steps, on 2 and 13 October 2023, to a soil depth of 0.30 m. Measurements concluded at the end of November 2023, when tillage for the new winter crop commenced.</span></p> <p><span> </span></p> <p><span>Measurements of H<sub>2</sub>O and CO<sub>2</sub> fluxes; partitioning in evaporation, transpiration, photosynthesis and respiration</span></p> <p><span>The eddy covariance technique was employed to monitor water vapor (H<sub>2</sub>O) and carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) fluxes. The equipment comprised a three-dimensional sonic anemometer (uSonic 3 Scientific, Metek GmbH, 25337 Elmshorn, Germany) and a fast response open-path infrared gas analyzer (LI-7500, Li-COR Inc., Lincoln, NE, USA). The three wind components, sonic temperature and atmospheric concentrations of CO<sub>2</sub> and H<sub>2</sub>O were continuously measured at 1.5 m above the crop canopy, with the sensor height adjusted to follow crop growth, reaching a maximum of 1.75 m. </span></p> <p><span>Data were recorded at a frequency of 10 Hz on a dedicated computer using the MeteoFlux software (Servizi Territorio, S.n.c., Cinisello Balsamo, Italy) and were stored on an hourly scale. Post-processing and computation of hourly fluxes of H<sub>2</sub>O (mmol m<sup>−2</sup> s<sup>−1</sup>) and CO<sub>2</sub> (</span>μ<span>mol m<sup>−2</sup> s<sup>−1</sup>) were conducted using EddyPro software, v7.0.9 (</span><a href="http://www.licor.com/eddypro"><span>http://www.licor.com/eddypro</span></a><span>), applying 60 min block averaging, double coordinate rotation, the statistical test, the maximum cross-covariance method, and the WPL density correction.</span></p> <p><span>H<sub>2</sub>O and CO<sub>2</sub> fluxes were partitioned into transpiration, evaporation, photosynthesis and respiration, respectively, using the flux variance similarity method. This method utilizes the Monin–Obukhov similarity theory to separate stomatal (photosynthesis, Fp, and transpiration, Ft) from non-stomatal (respiration, Fr, and evaporation, Fe) processes (Palatella et al., 2014). the H<sub>2</sub>O and CO<sub>2</sub> EC fluxes were partitioned using an adaptation of the code in Phyton provided by (Skaggs et al., 2018) and downloaded from <span> </span></span><a href="https://github.com/usda-arsussl/fluxpart"><span>https://github.com/usda-arsussl/fluxpart</span></a><span> (V0.2.10).</span></p>
Ultrathin epitaxial Bi film growth on 2D HfTe2 template (data)
<p>This dataset contains the raw data files connected to the figures included in the paper "<em>Ultrathin epitaxial Bi film growth on 2D HfTe<sub>2</sub> template</em>" by E. Xenogiannopoulou et al., 2022 <em>Nanotechnology</em> <strong>33</strong> 015701; <a href="https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0038799">https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6528/ac2d08</a></p> <p>An Open Access version of the paper can be found here: <a href="https://zenodo.org/record/4562057#.YaDC4NBBxPY">https://zenodo.org/record/5720132#.YaDKWNBBxPb</a></p>
Three-dimensional in-situ imaging of single-grain growth in polycrystalline In2O3:Zr films
<p>Original data</p> <p>Here, we image a single-grain growth during the amorphous-to-polycrystalline transition in technologically relevant transparent conductive oxide (TCO) film of In<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>:Zr with <em>in-situ</em> Bragg coherent X-ray diffraction imaging.</p> <p>Data was obtained at 34ID-C end-station at Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory (USA).</p> <p>Repository contains all raw datasets of the BCDI measurements, .spec files with corresponding meta-data, and .xlsx table with information on scan numbers related to annealing steps of the sample.</p>
BeMAGIC_Growth of heterostructured (bilayered) multiferroic films
<p>BeMAGIC ITN (GA861145)_Growth of heterostructured (bilayered) multiferroic films. Results from UAB, AALTO and TTS</p>
Plastic mulch film residues in agriculture: impact on soil suppressiveness, plant growth, and microbial communities
<p>Plastic mulch film residues have been accumulating in agricultural soils for decades, but so far, little is known about its consequences on soil microbial communities and functions. Here, we tested the effects of plastic residues of low-density polyethylene and biodegradable mulch films on soil suppressiveness and microbial community composition. We investigated how plastic residues in a Fusarium culmorum suppressive soil affect the level of disease suppressiveness, plant biomass, nutrient status, and microbial communities in rhizosphere using a controlled pot experiment. The addition of 1% plastic residues to the suppressive soil did not affect the level of suppression and the disease symptoms index. However, we did find that plant biomasses decreased, and that plant nutrient status changed in the presence of plastic residues. No significant changes in bacterial and fungal rhizosphere communities were observed. Nonetheless, bacterial and fungal communities closely attached to the plastisphere were very different from the rhizosphere communities with overrepresentation of potential plant pathogens. The plastisphere revealed a high abundance of specific bacterial phyla (Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Proteobacteria) and fungal genera (Rhizoctonia and Arthrobotrys). Our work revealed new insights and raises emerging questions for further studies on the impact of microplastics on the agroecosystems.</p>
Two-step spin-coating of vacancy-ordered double perovskites enables growth of thin films for electronic devices
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Plastic mulch film residues in agriculture: impact on soil suppressiveness, plant growth, and microbial communities
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Reproduction, growth and oxidative stress in the earthworm Eisenia andrei exposed to conventional and biodegradable mulching film microplastics
<p>Dataset on Earthworm (<em>Eisenia andrei</em>) exposed to <span>of low-density polyethylene microplastics (PE-MP) and polybutylene adipate terephthalate biodegradable microplastics (PBAT-BD-MP) originating from mulching films. The study utilized seven concentrations (0, 0.005, 0.05, 0.1, 0.5, 1, and 5% w/w) in five replicates. Survival, growth, and oxidative stress responses of the earthworms were analysed after four weeks of exposure. Measured biomarker responses were superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione reductase, glutathione S-transferase, glutathione, and lipid peroxidation. Additionally, the Integrated Biomarker Response Index (IBR) was conducted to assess the overall oxidative stress status of the earthworms. The number of biomass of the juveniles were recorded after four additional weeks. The total length of the experiment was eight weeks. Soil water holding capacity (WHC) was analysed in the beginning of the experiment and soil pH in the beginning and end of the experiment. The study was conducted at the Finnish Environment Institute (Syke) Under project PAPILLONS (EU Horizon). </span></p>
Single-crystalline PbTe film growth through reorientation
<p>data of "Single-crystalline PbTe film growth through reorientation"</p>
Advanced Materials - Epitaxial Growth of Large-Scale 2D CrTe2 Films on Amorphous Silicon Wafers With Low Thermal Budget
<p>2D van der Waals (vdW) magnets open landmark horizons in the development of innovative spintronic device architectures. However, their fabrication with large scale poses challenges due to high synthesis temperatures (>500 °C) and difficulties in integrating them with standard complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology on amorphous substrates such as silicon oxide (SiO<sub>2</sub>) and silicon nitride (SiN<em><sub>x</sub></em>). Here, a seeded growth technique for crystallizing CrTe<sub>2</sub> films on amorphous SiN<em><sub>x</sub></em>/Si and SiO<sub>2</sub>/Si substrates with a low thermal budget is presented. This fabrication process optimizes large-scale, granular atomic layers on amorphous substrates, yielding a substantial coercivity of 11.5 kilo-oersted, attributed to weak intergranular exchange coupling. Field-driven Néel-type stripe domain dynamics explain the amplified coercivity. Moreover, the granular CrTe<sub>2</sub> devices on Si wafers display significantly enhanced magnetoresistance, more than doubling that of single-crystalline counterparts. Current-assisted magnetization switching, enabled by a substantial spin–orbit torque with a large spin Hall angle (85) and spin Hall conductivity (1.02 ×  10<sup>7</sup> ℏ/2e  Ω⁻¹  m⁻¹), is also demonstrated. These observations underscore the proficiency in manipulating crystallinity within integrated 2D magnetic films on Si wafers, paving the way for large-scale batch manufacturing of practical magnetoelectronic and spintronic devices, heralding a new era of technological innovation.</p>
original data for "Operando Surface Optical Reflectance Microscopy Study of Corrosion Film Growth on a Ni-Cr-Mo Alloy During Anodic Polarization"
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