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26 results for “Fire Growth”
Point-frame measurement of maximum canopy height for plant growth forms at the 2007 Anaktuvuk River Fire scar measured in 2019.
This file contains maximum plant heights from point frame measurements made in the southern section of the 2007 Anaktuvuk River fire scar, at a severely burned site and a nearby unburned site. Pin-vegetation contact was recorded using a 0.56 m2 frame with 41 evenly spaced sampling points. Data were collected during peak green in summer 2019. These data were used to examine the impact of post-fire changes in plant community composition and structure on habitat suitability and rodent herbivore activity in response to a large, severe, and unprecedented fire in northern Alaska moist acidic tussock tundra.
Alaska 2004 Burns: Growth and survival of tree seedlings in post-fire experimental transplant study across 39 sites
This dataset contains measurements of tree seedlings growth for an experimental transplant study started in 2005 at sites that burned in 2004 in interior Alaska. Records are from a set of 39 intensive study sites that were formerly dominated by black spruce along the Steese, Taylor, and Dalton highways. Seedlings were monitored for 10 years, with detailed measurements in 2006, 2008, 2011, 2013, and 2015. Aboveground biomass was harvested in 2011.
Fire history dendrochronology study, super old growth data, central western Cascades, Oregon, 2002 (Giglia thesis)
The primary objectives of this study were to assay where super old-growth (SOG) persists on the landscape, what factors enabled it to survive for more than 550 years, and to develop a predictive model for the occurrence of SOG. To meet these objectives, data were synthesized from prior fire history work done in the central western Cascades of Oregon (Morrison and Swanson unpublished; Teensma 1987; Morrison and Swanson 1990; Weisberg 1998). The study involved the following steps: (1) the collection of primary data and maps from each study, (2) the creation of a master database, and (3) analysis of the synthesized data.
Figure 2 in Response of Little Fire Ant (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) Colonies to Insect Growth Regulators and Hydramethylnon
Figure 2. Number* of sexual brood and abnormal alates produced within Wasmannia auropunctata colonies after exposure to baits containing IGRs.
Figure 1 in Response of Little Fire Ant (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) Colonies to Insect Growth Regulators and Hydramethylnon
Figure 1. Mean worker mortality* (%) in Wasmannia auropunctata colonies after IGR-bait exposure over time.
Trees have similar growth responses to first-entry fires and reburns following long-term fire exclusion
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Stomatal conductance and tree growth response to multi-year droughts in fire-maintained and fire-excluded forests
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Reserve West Seedling Establishment and Growth after Fire 1988 - 2009
In 1983 an 8,600 acre human-caused wildfire, the Rosie Creek Fire, burned through about 1/3 of the Bonanza Creek Experimental Forest unit of the Bonanza Creek LTER in central Alaska. The stand that burned was a productive white spruce dominated stand about 200 years old. This study of tree regeneration was initiated in 1989 in a 100m by 100m reference hectare at the perimeter of the Rosie Creek Burn, located between 100m and 200m from the surviving stand edge. The Reserve West reference hectare was reserved from salvage logging and artificial reforestation. All regenerating white spruce trees in the hectare have been mapped and seedling survival and height elongation have been measured annually since 1989 (1988 and 1987 tree heights were back calculated from internodes). Seedlings are tracked by a subdivision of the hectare into 100 cells of 10m by 10m. The total number of trees that have been tracked in the database is 2,527. This is one of the largest and longest complete data series examining forest regeneration in the boreal region.
Computational exploration of treadmilling and protrusion growth observed in fire ant rafts
<p><span>Condensed active matter systems regularly achieve cooperative emergent functions that individual constituents could not accomplish alone. The rafts of fire ants (<em>Solenopsis invicta</em>) are often studied in this context for their ability to create structures comprised entirely of their own bodies, including tether-like protrusions that facilitate exploration of flooded environments. While similar protrusions are observed in cytoskeletons and cellular aggregates, they are generally dependent on morphogens or external gradients leaving the isolated role of local interactions poorly understood. Here we demonstrate through an ant-inspired, agent-based numerical model how protrusions in ant rafts may emerge spontaneously due to local interactions and how phases of exploratory protrusion growth may be induced by increased ant activity. These results provide an example in which functional morphogenesis of condensed active matter may emerge purely from locally-driven collective motion and may provide a source of inspiration for the development of autonomous active matter and swarm robotics.</span></p>
Data from: Tree growth responses to extreme drought after mechanical thinning and prescribed fire in a Sierra Nevada mixed-conifer forest, USA
<p class="MsoNormal">An estimated 128 M trees died during the 2012-2016 California drought, largely in the southern Sierra Nevada Range. Prescribed burning and mechanical thinning are widely used to reduce fuels and restore ecosystem properties, but it is unclear if these treatments improve tree growth and vigor during extreme drought. This study examined tree growth responses after thinning, prescribed burning, and extreme drought at the Teakettle Experimental Forest, a historically frequent fire mixed-conifer forest in the southern Sierra Nevada of California, USA. Mechanical thinning (no thin, understory thin, and overstory thin) and prescribed burning (unburned, fall burning) were implemented in 2000-2001. Using annual growth data from increment cores, over 10,000 mapped and measured trees, and lidar-derived metrics of solar radiation and topographic wetness, we had two primary questions. First, what were the growth responses to thinning and prescribed burning treatments, and did these responses persist during the 2012-2016 drought? Second, what tree-level attributes and environmental conditions influenced growth responses to treatments and drought?</p> <p class="MsoNormal">Thinning increased residual tree growth and that response persisted through extreme drought 10 -15 years after treatments. Growth responses were higher in overstory versus understory thinning, with differences between thinning types more pronounced during drought. Species-specific growth responses were strongest with overstory thinning, with sugar pine (Pinus lambertiana) and incense-cedar (Calocedrus decurrens) having higher growth responses compared to white fir (Abies concolor) and Jeffery pine (Pinus jeffreyi). For individual trees, factors associated with higher growth responses were declining pretreatment growth trend, smaller tree size, and post-treatment low neighborhood basal area. Growth responses were initially not influenced by topography, but topographic wetness became important during extreme drought. Mechanical thinning resulted in durable increases in residual tree growth rates during extreme drought over a decade after thinning occurred, indicating treatment longevity in mitigating drought stress. In contrast, tree growth did not improve after prescribed burning, likely due to fire effects that reduced surface fuels, but had little effect on reducing tree density. Thinning treatments promoted durable growth responses, but focusing on stand-level metrics may ignore important tree-level attributes such as localized competition and topography associated with higher water availability. Mechanical thinning was effective at improving growth in trees that had been experiencing declining growth trends, but was less effective in improving growth responses in large old higher ecological importance.</p>
Data from: Assessing the effect of tissue and fire-response traits on plant growth rates post-disturbance in Eastern Australia
<p>Here is the necessary code and data to reproduce results published in 'Assessing the effect of tissue and fire-response traits on plant growth rates post-disturbance in Eastern Australia'.</p>
Computational exploration of treadmilling and protrusion growth observed in fire ant rafts
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Fire effects on tree physiology, growth, and drought vulnerability: Non-structural carbohydrate, hydraulic function, water potential, and tree growth data
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Data from: Tree growth responses to extreme drought after mechanical thinning and prescribed fire in a Sierra Nevada mixed-conifer forest, USA
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Data from: Creosote growth rate and reproduction increase in post-fire environments
<p>Human activities are changing patterns of ecological disturbance globally. In North American deserts, wildfire is increasing in size and frequency due to fuel characteristics of invasive annual grasses. Fire reduces the abundance and cover of native vegetation in desert ecosystems. In this study, we sought to characterize stem growth and reproductive output of a dominant native shrub in the Mojave Desert, creosote bush (Larrea tridentata (DC.) Coville) following wildfires that occurred in 2005. We sampled 55 shrubs along burned and unburned transects 12 years after the fires (2017) and quantified age, stem diameter, stem number, radial and vertical growth rates, and fruit production for each shrub. The shrubs on the burn transects were most likely post-fire resprouts based on stem age while stems from unburn transects dated from before the fire. Stem and vertical growth rates for shrubs on burned transects were 2.6 and 1.7 times higher than that observed for stems on unburned shrubs. Fruit production of shrubs along burned transects was 4.7-fold more than shrubs along paired unburned transects. Growth rates and fruit production of shrubs in burned areas did not differ with increasing distance from the burn perimeter. Positive growth and reproduction responses of creosote following wildfires could be critical for soil stabilization and re-establishment of native plant communities in this desert system. Additional research is needed to assess if repeat fires that are characteristic of invasive grass-fire cycles may limit these benefits.</p>
Data from: Interspecific variation in post-disturbance growth responses of a savanna tree community and its implications for escaping the fire trap
<p>Vegetation states in savannas are highly sensitive to tree growth rates, which determine whether individual trees can 'escape' periodic disturbances. Resprouting trees have lopsided shoot:root ratios and are often multi-stemmed, and these variables can modify post-disturbance growth rates and therefore the probability of escape. To date, few studies have systematically examined the implications of interspecific variation in these factors for escape. We conducted a two-year field experiment in lowveld savanna in South Africa and quantified post-disturbance growth characteristics of topkilled trees among 16 species. We examined the dependence of growth on pre-disturbance stem size across species, and the relationship between growth rates and the tendency of trees to produce a few large <i>vs.</i> many small resprouts following disturbance. We found that resprout growth was strongly influenced by pre-disturbance size, but the relationship did not vary among species. In contrast, our results showed that fast-growing species tend to allocate resources towards a few dominant stems, while slow-growing species allocated new biomass towards many smaller stems. Tree species that produced a few large stems also tended to produce individual stems that were tall and thin, further suggesting that the "few large <i>vs.</i> many small" axis is linked to intrinsic species attributes. These findings have implications for understanding how interspecific variation in savanna tree communities may influence their ability to escape disturbance traps.</p>
Data from: Impacts of growing-season climate on tree growth and post-fire regeneration in ponderosa pine and Douglas-fir forests
We studied the impacts of climate variability on low-elevation forests in the U.S. northern Rocky Mountains by quantifying how post-fire tree regeneration and radial growth varied with growing-season climate. We reconstructed post-fire regeneration and radial growth rates of Pinus ponderosa and Pseudotsuga menziesii at 33 sites that burned between 1992 and 2007, by aging seedlings at the root-shoot boundary. We also measured radial growth in adult trees from 12 additional sites that burned between 1900 and 1990. To quantify the relationship between climate and regeneration, we characterized seasonal climate before, during, and after recruitment pulses using superposed epoch analysis. To quantify growth sensitivity to climate, we performed moving regression analysis for each species and for juvenile and adult life stages. Climatic conditions favoring regeneration and tree growth differed between species. Water deficit and temperature were significantly lower than average during recruitment pulses of ponderosa pine, suggesting that germination-year climate limits regeneration. Growing degree days were significantly higher than average during years with Douglas-fir recruitment pulses, but water deficit was significantly lower one year following pulses, suggesting moisture sensitivity in two-year-old seedlings. Growth was also sensitive to water deficit, but effects varied between life stages, species, and through time, with juvenile ponderosa pine growth more sensitive to climate than adult growth and juvenile Douglas-fir growth. Increasing water deficit corresponded with reduced adult growth of both species. Increases in maximum temperature and water deficit corresponded with increases in juvenile growth of both species in the early 20th century but strong reductions in growth for juvenile ponderosa pine in recent decades. Changing sensitivity of growth to climate suggests that increased temperature and water deficit may be pushing these species towards the edge of their climatic tolerances. Our study demonstrates increased vulnerability of dry mixed-conifer forests to post-fire regeneration failures and decreased growth as temperatures and drought increase. Shifts towards unfavorable conditions for regeneration and juvenile growth may alter the composition and resilience of low-elevation forests to future climate and fire activity.
Data from: Demography and growth of subadult savanna trees: interactions of life history, size, fire season, and grassy understory
Tree populations in mesic (>650 mm precipitation/yr) savannas of the world have strong demographic bottlenecks to the transition of subadult trees to the canopy layer. Although such bottlenecks are a major determinant of savanna physiognomy, the factors that allow subadults to traverse the bottleneck are little studied. In a landscape-scale field experiment in a northern Australia savanna, we determined the survival and growth of 1506 permanently marked juveniles (<150 cm tall) and saplings (150–599 cm tall) of canopy species in response to season of fire (early dry season, late dry season, wet season, and unburned), and understory type (herbaceous forbs vs. sorghum [native annual grass]) that differ in seasonal growth patterns and competitive regimes. Trees were assessed before fires and at the end of the following growing season, without repeat fires. We used Akaike-information-criterion-based model selection and multi-model inference for data analyses. Initial height was an important explanatory variable for all responses except genet mortality wherein fire season was important for juveniles and understory type for saplings. Fire season was important to height growth of large juveniles and small saplings (enhanced the year following dry-season fires). Fire season × understory interactions were important for height growth of small juveniles and for the proportion of juveniles transitioning to saplings. Changes in stem numbers were affected by all explanatory variables. All fires topkilled most juveniles (fewer in early dry-season fires in herbaceous understory), but genet death was rare. Late dry-season fires topkilled most saplings; they failed to regain previous height and some died the following year. Given no further fires, persistent large juveniles can grow to sapling size within a year; whereas sapling success is severely hampered by late-dry-season fires, especially in grassy understory. Differences in seasonal phenological patterns of both understory vegetation and trees that vary with size and life history stage are among suggested explanatory mechanisms. Weighted averaged model coefficients for all responses to the explanatory variables are provided for use in population dynamics models. A conceptual framework links landscape-scale variables to tree attributes and responses, with implications for population ecology and community assembly.
Data from: Interspecific variation in post-disturbance growth responses of a savanna tree community and its implications for escaping the fire trap
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Data from: Impacts of growing-season climate on tree growth and post-fire regeneration in ponderosa pine and Douglas-fir forests
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Allen Brain Atlas
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International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
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