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opencc-by-4.0Dec 2016View details →

Fig. 3 in Behavioral Responses Of Salmonid Fingerlings To New Invasive Fish Predator Perccottus Glenii

Fig. 3. Video recording of the experiment. The biggest fish is the predator Perccottus glenii, smaller - tiger trout fingerlings.

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2016View details →

Fig. 1 in Behavioral Responses Of Salmonid Fingerlings To New Invasive Fish Predator Perccottus Glenii

Fig. 1. Scheme of the experimental basin and video recordering. Black fish – predator, white fishes – fingerlings, gray – pipe for releasing of predator.

opencc-by-4.0Oct 2011View details →

Fig. 2. Heterotypic schooling involving the genus Haemulon and other coral reef fish species. A in Mixed-species schooling behavior and protective mimicry involving coral reef fish from the genus Haemulon (Haemulidae)

Fig. 2. Heterotypic schooling involving the genus Haemulon and other coral reef fish species. A) Anisotremus virginicus with school of adult H. aurolineatum; B) Ocyurus chrysurus with adult H. aurolineatum and H. squamipinna; C) Scarus zelindae with adult H. parra, H. plumieri and H. squamipinna; D) Lutjanus jocu with adult H. parra and H. squamipinna. Circles highlight the non-Haemulon species. Photos: P. H. C. Pereira

opencc-by-4.0Oct 2011View details →

Fig. 3. Protective mimicry between select reef fish species and the genus Haemulon. A in Mixed-species schooling behavior and protective mimicry involving coral reef fish from the genus Haemulon (Haemulidae)

Fig. 3. Protective mimicry between select reef fish species and the genus Haemulon. A) Mulloidichthys martinicus with a school of adult H. aurolineatum; B) Sparisoma axillare with H. parra juveniles; C) Harengula clupeola with a school of juvenile H. aurolineatum. Circles highlight non-Haemulon species. Photos: P. H. C. Pereira

opencc-by-4.0Jul 2011View details →

Fig. 4 in Social and reproductive physiology and behavior of the Neotropical cichlid fish Cichlasoma dimerus under laboratory conditions

Fig. 4. Reproductive phases: a) Female laying eggs while male waits to fertilize them. This process is then repeated; b) Spawn on a flat dark stone. Generally between 400 - 800 eggs are laid, depending on female size; c) Female guarding the eggs while male attacks an intruder male. Generally one of the parents remains guarding the fry while the other feeds or defends the territory; d) Female fanning non swimming fry after transferring them to a previously dug pit; fry hatched 3 days after fertilization; e) Male guarding free swimming fry (8 days after fertilization); parents seem to attract the fry by shaking its dark pelvic fin.

opencc-by-4.0Jul 2011View details →

Fig. 2 in Social and reproductive physiology and behavior of the Neotropical cichlid fish Cichlasoma dimerus under laboratory conditions

Fig. 2. Body color patterns associated with different social status; a) Schematic representation of the main features of Cichlasoma dimerus color pattern. A: red eye blotch; B: preopercular blotch, C: anterior longitudinal line; D: mid trunk blotch; E: posterior longitudinal line; F: peduncular blotch; G: dorsal transversal bars; H: ventral transversal bars. These features may "turn on" or "off" in different conditions; b) Gregarious individuals; c) Reproductive Territorial male (RT); d) Reproductive Territorial female. e) Non Reproductive Territorial male (nRnT); f) Non Reproductive non Territorial (nRnT) individual. Scale bar = 1 cm

opencc-by-4.0Jul 2011View details →

Fig. 1 in Social and reproductive physiology and behavior of the Neotropical cichlid fish Cichlasoma dimerus under laboratory conditions

Fig. 1. Distribution of different social status fish on the experimental aquaria: a) Picture of the experimental aquaria; b) Schematic representation. Abbreviations of social statuses used: nRnT = non Reproductive non Territorial individuals; nRT = non Reproductive Territorial individual; RT = Reproductive Territorial individual. For a detailed description of these social statuses see Table 3.

Fig. 1. A in Reproductive behavior and parental roles of the cichlid fish Laetacara araguaiae

Fig. 1. A pair of Laetacara araguaiae with fry (arrows). The largest fish is the male. Photo: Elias F. Lopes de Freitas.

Fig. 5 in Reproductive behavior and parental roles of the cichlid fish Laetacara araguaiae

Fig. 5. Mean frequency (± SE) of threats (a) and attacks (b) given by male and female in the pre-spawning (n = 11), egg/ wriggler (n = 11) and free-swimming fry (n = 12) phases. * indicates significant difference between sexes (Wilcoxon signed-rank test). Different letters indicate significant differences between phases for each sex (Kuskal-Wallis followed by Dunn post hoc test).

Fig. 4 in Reproductive behavior and parental roles of the cichlid fish Laetacara araguaiae

Fig. 4. Mean frequency (± SE) of agonistic acts given by male and female in the pre-spawning (n = 11), egg/wriggler (n = 11) and free-swimming fry (n = 12) phases. NS is non significant values (Two-way ANOVA followed by Tukey post hoc test).

Fig. 2 in Reproductive behavior and parental roles of the cichlid fish Laetacara araguaiae

Fig. 2. Mean frequency (± SE) of nest digging in the prespawning phase by males and females of Laetacara araguaiae (Wilcoxon signed-rank test).

opencc-by-4.0Sep 2009View details →

Fig. 1 in Scientific Note Feeding behavior and follower fishes of Myrichthys ocellatus (Anguilliformes: Ophichthidae) in the western Atlantic

Fig. 1. Capture sequence of Myrichthys ocellatus involving head and tail: (a) initial scattering movements with the head; (b) tail taking over the position of the head; (c) widening hole with the tail; (d) moment of prey capture. Illustrated by Francisco Costa.

opencc-by-4.0Sep 2009View details →

Fig. 3 in Scientific Note Feeding behavior and follower fishes of Myrichthys ocellatus (Anguilliformes: Ophichthidae) in the western Atlantic

Fig. 3. Interspecific foraging association between Myrichthys ocellatus and Epinephelus adscensionis. The head of the follower fish is close to the Goldspotted eel, which is in a hole seeking for prey. Photo by M. E. Araújo.

Fig. 3 in Scientific Note Behavior of prey links midwater and demersal piscivorous reef fishes

Fig. 3. Results of hierarchical clustering using the group average linkage method. The dendrogram illustrates variable strengths in multi-species relationships and patterns of species groupings (species codes as in Table 2).

Fig. 2 in Scientific Note Behavior of prey links midwater and demersal piscivorous reef fishes

Fig. 2. Black sea bass Centropristis striata and bank sea bass Centropristis ocyurus (left) in typical orientation at edge of ledge before ambush feeding on prey fish. Two scamp Mycteroperca phenax (right, indicated by arrows) along ledge move towards high density aggregation of prey fishes. Mycteroperca phenax attacked prey fishes subsequent to this photograph.

Fig. 1. A in Scientific Note Behavior of prey links midwater and demersal piscivorous reef fishes

Fig. 1. A school of blue runner Caranx crysos (top left) and group of greater amberjack Seriola dumerili (right, one visible in photograph) drive prey fishes down to ledge habitat during predation events.

Fig. 1 in Oxidative stress biomarkers and aggressive behavior in fish exposed to aquatic cadmium contamination

Fig. 1. Effects of cadmium exposure on aggressiveness parameters of Nile tilapia. Values are means (± SD). * = Statistically different from control.