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517 results for “Fishing effects”
Herb Survey: Effect of Burning Patterns on Vegetation in the Fish Lake Burn Compartments
This study examines the effects of long-term prescribed burning treatments on vegetation structure and composition, productivity, and nutrient cycling in upland oak savanna and woodland vegetation. The basis for the study is an ongoing, experimental prescribed burning program begun in 1964 at Cedar Creek, and a similar program operating since 1962 on the adjacent Helen Allison Savanna property (owned by The Nature Conservancy). These prescribed burning programs are designed to subject upland oak communities (and some old fields) to different burn frequencies and patterns of burning, with the ultimate objectives of 1) restoring and maintaining the historically important savanna and open woodland vegetation, and 2) providing information about the effects of different burning patterns on vegetation structure and composition. This study addresses the latter of these two purposes and expands on it by also investigating possible influences of fire on resource availability (nutrients, water, and light) and net primary productivity. This study represents a continuation and expansion of experiments 015 and 094.
MCR LTER: Coral Reef: Modeling the effects of selectively fishing key functional groups of herbivores on coral resilience; data for Cook et al., 2023 Ecosphere
These data and code were generated in support of the manuscript: Cook DT, Schmitt RJ, Holbrook SJ, and HV Moeller, Ecosphere. To investigate the impacts of selectively harvesting functional groups of herbivorous fishes on coral resilience, we used a dynamic model that is grounded by the coral reef system in Moorea, French Polynesia. Our model simulates the fraction of a reef occupied through time by classes of key benthic spaceholders (coral, two stages of macroalgae, and turf). Benthic and fishing dynamics are linked through the harvesting of two functional groups of herbivorous fishes. We utilize data collected on the abundance of fishes on the reef and in the catch in Moorea, French Polynesia to inform our model and to empirically explore patterns of fishing selectivity. These data and code were published in Ecosphere and were a part of the thesis of D. Cook (2023). This manuscript uses data collected by the U.S. National Science Foundation's (NSF) Moorea Coral Reef Long Term Ecological Research (MCR LTER) site under Grant No. OCE 2224354 (and earlier awards). Additional financial support to the MCR LTER site was provided through a generous gift from the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation. Research was completed under permits issued by the French Polynesian Government (Délégation à la Recherche) and the Haut-commissariat de la République en Polynésie Francaise (DTRT) (Protocole d'Accueil 2005-2023).
Background data: Untangling the effects of multiple human stressors and their impacts on fish assemblages in European running waters
<p>This dataset presents some backkground data from the EFI+ database. Related work addresses human stressors and their impacts on fish assemblages at pan-European scale by analysing single and multiple stressors and their interactions. Based on an extensive dataset with 3105 fish sampling sites, patterns of stressors, their combination and nature of interactions, i.e. synergistic, antagonistic and additive were investigated. </p> <p>Data were derived within the EU-project "Improvement and Spatial extension of the European Fish Index (EFI+)". EFI+, an EU FP6 research project from 2007-2009 was designed to gain new knowledge and to further develop and improve new biological assessment methods to meet needs of the Water Framework Directive (WFD). </p> <p>Background data are available for boxplots and barplots shown in the related research article in STOTEN.</p>
Finite amplitude sound propagation effects in volume backscattering measurements for fish abundance estimation
<p>The upload contains measurement and simulation data for finite-amplitude sound propagation effects in volume backscattering measurements. The experimental data are from a trawl survey conducted in the North Sea with R/V "G. O. Sars", 6-7 November 2004, passing several times over a group of Atlantic mackerel schools. The measurements are of the relative area backscattering coefficient, relative to 38 kHz, 2000 W power setting, at</p> <p>(1) 120 kHz with 250 W transmit power setting, 200 kHz with 120 W transmit power setting<br> (2) 120 kHz with 1000 W power setting, 200 kHz with 1000 W power setting.</p> <p>A Simrad EK60 echosounder system was used, alternating between the low (1) and high (2) power settings through the measurement series.</p> <p>The corresponding simulation data are calculated using the Bergen Code numerical solver of the KZK Equation. The medium parameters input to the simulations are based on CTD data from the field survey . The transducer and amplitude data were found by laboratory measurements on echo sounders of the same type as used in the survey.</p> <p>.m files are included for both .mat data files, with details on how to read the data.</p> <p>An article describing the data has been submitted by the authors to Acta Acustica, 2022.</p>
Litter biomass: Effect of Burning Patterns on Vegetation in the Fish Lake Burn Compartments
This study examines the effects of long-term prescribed burning treatments on vegetation structure and composition, productivity, and nutrient cycling in upland oak savanna and woodland vegetation. The basis for the study is an ongoing, experimental prescribed burning program begun in 1964 at Cedar Creek, and a similar program operating since 1962 on the adjacent Helen Allison Savanna property (owned by The Nature Conservancy). These prescribed burning programs are designed to subject upland oak communities (and some old fields) to different burn frequencies and patterns of burning, with the ultimate objectives of 1) restoring and maintaining the historically important savanna and open woodland vegetation, and 2) providing information about the effects of different burning patterns on vegetation structure and composition. This study addresses the latter of these two purposes and expands on it by also investigating possible influences of fire on resource availability (nutrients, water, and light) and net primary productivity. This study represents a continuation and expansion of experiments 015 and 094.
Tree survey: Effect of Burning Patterns on Vegetation in the Fish Lake Burn Compartments
This study examines the effects of long-term prescribed burning treatments on vegetation structure and composition, productivity, and nutrient cycling in upland oak savanna and woodland vegetation. The basis for the study is an ongoing, experimental prescribed burning program begun in 1964 at Cedar Creek, and a similar program operating since 1962 on the adjacent Helen Allison Savanna property (owned by The Nature Conservancy). These prescribed burning programs are designed to subject upland oak communities (and some old fields) to different burn frequencies and patterns of burning, with the ultimate objectives of 1) restoring and maintaining the historically important savanna and open woodland vegetation, and 2) providing information about the effects of different burning patterns on vegetation structure and composition. This study addresses the latter of these two purposes and expands on it by also investigating possible influences of fire on resource availability (nutrients, water, and light) and net primary productivity. This study represents a continuation and expansion of experiments 015 and 094.
Effects of biotic (shrimp) and abiotic (discharge) factors on the depositional environment quantified in a montane stream in Puerto Rico. (Shrimp/Algae/Can J. Fish Aquat. Sci. (1994))
Effects of biotic (shrimp) and abiotic (discharge) factors on the depositional environment were quantified in a montane stream in Puerto Rico. Electricity was used experimentally to exclude large (approximately >1cm in length) biota without artificially increasing sedimentation as in cage enclosure/exclosure experiments in stream systems. Shrimp (>1cm in length) were excluded from substrata by semicircular fence hooked up to battery-powered fence chargers which emitted continuous pulses of electricity. Unelectrified control substrata had natural high densities of atyid shrimp. Significantly greater masses of total sediment, fine and large organic particles, and algal biovolume occurred in shrimp exclusion treatments relative to controls. Shrimp exclusion treatments experienced slow and steady accumulation of sediments under base flow conditions and a large stepwise increase in sediment following a storm. No measurable sediment accrued in the presence of natural densities of shrimp under base flow conditions. Shrimp rapidly removed sediments that accrued during the storm (440-620 g*m2 dry mass-1), decreasing sediment mass in control treatments to near prestorm levels (5-13 g*m2 dry mass-1) within 30 h. Atyid shrimp can significantly affect the accumulation of organic and inorganic materials on rock substrata in stream pools between high-discharge events. Support for this work was provided by grants BSR-8811902, DEB-9411973, DEB-9705814 , DEB-0080538, DEB-0218039 , DEB-0620910 , DEB-1239764, DEB-1546686, and DEB-1831952 from the National Science Foundation to the University of Puerto Rico as part of the Luquillo Long-Term Ecological Research Program. Additional support provided by the University of Puerto Rico and the International Institute of Tropical Forestry, USDA Forest Service.
Data to support "Stochastic density effects on adult fish survival and implications for population fluctuations"
Data on stage-specific abundance of black surfperch (Embiotoca jacksoni), the amount of foraging habitat and the availability of surfperch prey (crustaceans) were collected at fixed sites on the north shore of Santa Cruz Island, California annually (autumn) from 1993-2009. Data are grouped into four regions. Counts of fish distinguished among young-of-year, juveniles (1 year old) and adults (>= 2 years old). These data have been presented in Okamoto, D. K., R. J. Schmitt and S. J. Holbrook. 2016. Sochastic density effects on adult fish survival and implications for population fluctuations. Ecology Letters, 19:153-162. doi: 10.1111/ele.12547.
"Effects of forestry on summertime low flows and physical fish habitat in snowmelt-dominant headwater catchments of the Pacific Northwest" -- data sets
<p>These files contain the data used in the analysis and production of graphs reported in a manuscript titled "Effects of forestry on summertime low flows and physical fish habitat in snowmelt-dominant headwater catchments of the Pacific Northwest," by Stefan Gronsdahl, R. Dan Moore, Jordan Rosenfeld, Rich McCleary, Rita Winkler. The paper will be published in the journal Hydrological Processes. The file named "readme.txt" explains the contents of the files.</p>
Model projection of the effect of climate change and fishing pressure on key species of the South East Asia Seas
<p>The dataset contain Projection from the Size-Spectra Bioclimatic Envelop Model (SS-DBEM), this work was part of the GCRF Blue communities Programme (www.blue-communities.org). The model provides distribution and abundance and/or biomass of fish and other species of commercial interest under climate change and fishing pressure. The model outputs are yearly abundance/biomass on a 0.5-by-0.5 degree grid, covering the period from 2000 to 2098. Further description of the model and relevant references are listed in the following file: Guide-fish-model-output-use.docx</p> <p>The model was run under two climate scenario: RCP4.5 and RCP8.5, with different combinations of fishing pressure expressed as the Maximum Sustainable Yield (MSY) for the following values: 0 (no fishing, climate change alone will cause variation in fish biomass), 1 (sustainable fishing), 2, 3 (overfishing), and, 4 (overfishing with destructive practice). The intent is not to reproduce current fishing level but to provide a range of scenarios with which the future of fisheries can be explored.</p> <p>We projected fish species that were identified as key in the South East Asia seas region by our regional partners.The full list is provided in document: Fish-list-modelguide.xlsx</p> <p>There are 4 zip files that contain the model outputs of in either abundance (number of fish) or biomass grams of fish) for the two climate scenario. For example Biomass-RCP45.zip will contain model outputs in biomass for projections under RCP4.5 and all MSY. within the zip files are .csv files of the outputs for each species under the 5 MSY (0 to 4), the individual file names identify the species (identified by a 6digit code), the output provided (abundance or biomass), the RCP (8.5 or 4.5), and the MSY (0, 1, 2, 3, or 4). For example the file labelled 600107-Abundance-rcp85-msy4.csv contains the outputs for species 600107 (Skipjack tuna, <em>Katsuwonnus pelamis</em>), as abundance, under RCP8.5 with MSY4. Headers indicate what is in each column (latitude, longitude and year).</p> <p> </p> <p>Note: some knowledge of Python, R, or a similar software is recommended to ensure easy of use.</p>
Throw trap and electrofishing data collected during 1996–2022 from the Everglades, Florida, United States for the publication "Contrasting invasion histories and effects of three non-native fishes observed with long-term monitoring data"
This dataset was used to analyze the effects of three non-native fishes in the Florida Everglades for a publication in the journal Biological Invasions. The dataset incorporates plot-level mean densities (# of individuals per square meter) of common aquatic animals collected during 1996–2022 from 17 sites across three regions of the Everglades: Taylor Slough, Shark River Slough, and Water Conservation Area 3A. Prey species included are nine common small fishes and three common decapod species (two crayfish species and grass shrimp). The dataset includes throw trap data on three predator taxa: African Jewelfish (Hemichromis letourneuxi), Mayan Cichlids (Mayaheros uruphthalmus), and sunfishes (Lepomis spp.). Annual indices of mean wet season electrofishing catch-per-unit-effort of Asian Swamp Eels (Monopterus albus/javanesis), Mayan Cichlids, sunfishes, and the three other large 'top predator' fishes (Amia calva, Lepisosteus platyrhincus, Micropterus salmoides) are included for plots where electrofishing was performed from 1997-2021. Hydrologic measures used in analyses and R code used to conduct analyses are also included.
Data from: Maximum cardiac performance of Antarctic fishes that lack haemoglobin and myoglobin: exploring the effect of warming on nature's natural knockouts
Comparisons among related species provide valuable insight into the functional consequences of natural genetic mutations. We assessed cardiac function at ambient and elevated temperatures in Antarctic notothenioids with contrasting levels of the oxygen binding proteins, haemoglobin (Hb) and myoglobin (Mb), to elucidate changes in cardiac performance that may compensate for impaired O2 transport. Notothenia coriiceps (Hb+Mb+) at 1oC had the highest maximum cardiac work rate (WC) and pressure generating capacity, but lowest relative ventricular mass and maximum cardiac output (Q̇) when compared with two icefish species, Chionodraco rastrospinosus (Hb-Mb+) and Chaenocephalus aceratus (Hb-Mb-). Cardiomegaly associated with absence of Hb generated an exceptionally large maximum stroke volume (VS) and Q̇, but a lower WC. However, C. rastrospinosus had a larger ventricle, a higher intrinsic heart rate (fH), and greater maximum VS and Q̇ than C. aceratus, suggesting that cardiac Mb has functional relevance. Warming to 4oC increased fH, but only increased maximum Q̇ in icefishes, while maximum WC and pressure development increased in N. coriiceps (both ~2.5x that of C. aceratus). The Hb+Mb+ myocardium generated considerable Q̇ against raised afterload, unlike icefish hearts. The presence of Hb and Mb enhances cardiac performance, and likely resilience to near-future ocean warming.
Effects of environmental translocation and host characteristics on skin microbiomes of sun-basking fish
<p>Variation in the composition of skin-associated microbiomes has been attributed to host species, geographic location, and habitat, but the role of intraspecific phenotypic variation among host individuals remains elusive. We explored if and how host environment and different phenotypic traits were associated with microbiome composition. We conducted repeated sampling of dorsal and ventral skin microbiomes of carp individuals (<em>Cyprinus</em> <em>carpio</em>) before and after translocation from laboratory conditions to a semi-natural environment. Both alpha and beta diversity of skin-associated microbiomes increased substantially within and among individuals following translocation, particularly on dorsal body sites. The variation in microbiome composition among hosts was significantly associated with body site, sun-basking, habitat switch, and growth, but not temperature gain while basking, sex, personality, or colour morph. We suggest that the overall increase in the alpha and beta diversity estimates among hosts were induced by individuals expressing greater variation in behaviours and thus exposure to potential colonizers in the pond environment compared to the laboratory. Our results exemplify how biological diversity at one level of organization (phenotypic variation among and within fish host individuals) together with the external environment impacts biological diversity at a higher hierarchical level of organisation (richness and composition of fish-associated microbial communities).</p>
Fig. 6 in Effect of abiotic variables on fish eggs and larvae distribution in headwaters of Cuiabá River, Mato Grosso State, Brazil
Fig. 6. Temporal (a) and spatial (b) frequency of occurrence of the seven most abundant taxa of fish larvae captured in the headwaters of the Cuiabá River between November 2007 and March 2008.
Fig. 2 in Effect of abiotic variables on fish eggs and larvae distribution in headwaters of Cuiabá River, Mato Grosso State, Brazil
Fig. 2. Temporal (a) and spatial (b) distribution of density (individuals/10m3) of fish eggs and larvae captured in the headwaters of the Cuiabá River, in all the collection sites, between November 2007 and March 2008.
Data and custom codes from "Rapid evolution in salmon life-history induced by direct and indirect effects of fishing"
<p>Data and custom codes from Czorlich, Y., Aykanat, T., Erkinaro, J., Orell, P. & Primmer, C.R. (2021) <em>Rapid evolution in salmon life-history induced by direct and indirect effects of fishing. </em>Science.</p> <p><strong>Codes:</strong></p> <p>The R file "Fishing_effort_parallel.R" was used to estimate fishing effort/intensity (beta in equation 8) given the length distribution, the gear-specific catchability and harvest rate</p> <p>"Fishing_selection_estimate.R" was used to estimate fishery-induced selection at <em>vgll3.</em></p> <p><strong>Datasets:</strong></p> <p>Genetic_phenotypic_data.xlsx: Genetic and phenotypic data about salmon from the Teno mainstem population</p> <p>sonar_data.xlsx: Number of salmon per length class entering the river in 2018 and 2019. The length classes of salmon caught in those years by one of the fishing methods are also included</p> <p>annual_catch_data.xlsx: Total mass (kg) of salmon caught by each fishing method between 1975 to 2014.</p> <p>Environmental_data.xlsx: Data about Barents Sea temperature, biomass of key species, fishing data</p> <p>individual_weight_salmon_catches.xlsx: Individual weight of salmon caught with different fishing gears in the last decades</p> <p><strong>Data sources:</strong></p> <p>- Genetic data (Tenojoki population, random sampling): From Czorlich et al. 2018, https://datadryad.org/stash/dataset/doi:10.5061/dryad.7hm4708</p> <p>- Data about krill biomass (1980 – 2013) were taken from (<em>1</em>, <em>2</em>).</p> <p>- Capelin biomass estimated from acoustic survey and the landed capelin catches were derived from (<em>3</em>) for 1973 – 2013.</p> <p>- Herring biomass data were retrieved from (<em>4</em>) for the 1973-1998 period. Herring biomass was calculated from the number of 1-2 year old herring and the mean weight per age as reported in (<em>3</em>) for 1988 – 2013.</p> <p>- The annual biomass of cod (a predator of forage fish) was derived from VPA analyses ((<em>5</em>), table 3.24). Landed cod biomass was also taken from (<em>5</em>).</p> <p>- An index for mesozooplankton (a forage fish food source) corresponding to the sum of <em>Calanus</em> biomass indices from different parts of the Barents Sea was used (<em>6</em>).</p> <p>- The annual sea temperature in the Kola section of the Barents Sea measured in the upper 200 meters was from <a href="http://www.pinro.vniro.ru/">pinro.vniro.ru</a></p> <p>- The total number of nets used to catch salmon in the Finnmark coastal region was calculated for each year using data from (7)</p> <p>- Other data were generated for this study, please check the Material and Methods. </p> <p><em>References:</em></p> <p>1. E. Eriksen, P. Dalpadado, Long-term changes in Krill biomass and distribution in the Barents Sea: Are the changes mainly related to capelin stock size and temperature conditions? <em>Polar Biology</em>. <strong>34</strong>, 1399–1409 (2011).</p> <p>2. ICES, “Report of the Working Group on the Integrated Assessments of the Barents Sea. ICES CM 2017/SSGIEA:04. 186 pp.” (2017).</p> <p>3. ICES, “Report of the Arctic Fisheries Working Group (AFWG). ICES CM 2015/ACOM:05. 639 pp.” (2015).</p> <p>4. R. Toresen, O. J. Østvedt, Variation in abundance of Norwegian spring-spawning herring (Clupea harengus, Clupeidae) throughout the 20th century and the influence of climatic fluctuations. <em>Fish and Fisheries</em>. <strong>85</strong>, 385–391 (2000).</p> <p>5. ICES, “Report of the Arctic Fisheries Working Group (AFWG). ICES CM 2016/ACOM:06. 621 pp.” (2016).</p> <p>6. L. C. Stige et al., Spatiotemporal statistical analyses reveal predator-driven zooplankton fluctuations in the Barents Sea. <em>Progress in Oceanography</em>. <strong>120</strong>, 243–253 (2014).</p> <p>7. E. Niemelä, T. Kalske, E. Hassinen, “Numbers of fishing gears used in Kolarctic salmon project area, numbers of allowed sites for salmon fishing and numbers of salmon fishermen in Finnmark; development until the year 2013” (2013).</p>
Quantifying the ecological impacts of alien aquatic macrophytes: A global meta‐analysis of effects on fish, macroinvertebrate and macrophyte assemblages
<p>Biological invasions constitute a pervasive and growing threat to the biodiversity and functioning of freshwater ecosystems. Macrophytes are key primary producers and ecosystem engineers in freshwaters, meaning that alien macrophyte invasions have the capacity to alter the structure and function of recipient aquatic ecosystems profoundly. Although prevailing wisdom holds that alien macrophyte invasions tend to compromise freshwater ecosystem structure and function, the ecological impacts of alien macrophyte invasion have not been quantitatively reviewed to date.</p> <p>Here we present a global meta-analysis of 202 cases from 53 research articles, exploring the impacts of alien macrophyte invasion on the abundance and diversity of three ubiquitous and ecologically important focal groups, which together comprise the bulk of non-microbial freshwater biodiversity: resident macrophytes, macroinvertebrates and fish. Our synthesis includes data from all continents except Antarctica and Asia, covering 25 alien macrophyte species, but reveals considerable taxonomic and geographical biases in knowledge.</p> <p>Meta-analysis results reveal that invasion by alien macrophytes has an overall negative impact on taxonomic diversity of the three focal groups, but no consistent effect on abundance. At a finer resolution, we detect a strong negative effect of alien macrophyte invasion on resident macrophyte abundance and diversity, and a significant but smaller positive effect of submerged alien macrophyte invasion on macroinvertebrates. Effects on fish appear inconsistent.</p> <p>Our findings emphasise the importance of context- and taxon-specific ecological research in informing appropriate and proportionate management of alien macrophyte invasions, since alien macrophyte impacts are not consistently negative. We also identify significant geographical and taxonomic limitations in existing studies, quantitative data being lacking for many alien taxa.</p>
FIGURE 2 in The effectiveness of protected areas in the Paraná-Paraguay basin in preserving multiple facets of freshwater fish diversity under climate change
FIGURE 2 | Paraná-Paraguay basin and the 17% of the area with the highest values of species richness (SR), functional richness (FRic), and phylogenetic diversity (PD), as well as the protected areas (PAs). A. SR, FRic, and PD, as well as their individual distribution for the current and future scenarios of climate change; B. the overlap between SR, FRic, and PD, as well as the protected areas in the Paraná-Paraguay basin, for the current and future scenarios of climate change C. The Venn diagrams showing the percentage of overlap between the components of fish diversity and the protected areas currently in the basin.
FIGURE 1 in The effectiveness of protected areas in the Paraná-Paraguay basin in preserving multiple facets of freshwater fish diversity under climate change
FIGURE 1 | Paraná-Paraguay basin showing countries' boundaries, topography, hydrographic features, and protected areas. 1. Upper Paraná River basin; 2. Middle Paraná River basin; 3. Lower Paraná basin; 4. Upper Paraguay basin; 5. Middle Paraguay basin; 6. Lower Paraguay basin.
Fig. 1 in It is recreational but profitability also matters: A cost-effective economic approach to marine recreational fishing in Spain Abstract
Fig. 1: Map of the study area. The darker regions highlighted correspond to Spanish coastal Autonomous Communities.
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