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62 results for “Flax”
Tensile Properties of Flax Fibre Bundles with Graphene Oxide Coating
<p>In the current datasheet, authors report the effect of graphene oxide treatment on tensile behaviour of single flax fibre bundles. As graphene oxide is hydrophilic with many hydroxyl functional groups, it is expected to bond with technical fibres and increase the stress transfer in a flax yarn.</p> <p> Graphene oxide (GO) aqueous dispersion with 1.2 wt % is prepared based on the modified Hummer’s method. GO is physically adsorbed on fibres by immersion of flax yarns into the aqueous dispersion for 24 hr. Fibres are dried at 80 C for 2 hr followed by 48 hr at 60 C. To differentiate between the effect of GO treatment and the potential loss in the tensile strength and tensile stiffness of fibres, authors report the data in 4 subclasses:</p> <ul> <li>As received flax yarns (dried at 60 C for 48 hr): labelled ‘as received’</li> <li>Kept in deionised water for 30 min: tagged ’30 min’</li> <li>Placed in deionised water for 24 hr: marked ’24 hr’</li> <li>Flax fibres immersed in 1.2 wt % GO aqueous dispersion for 24 hr: labelled ‘GO’</li> </ul> <p>Tensile test of single natural fibres is a challenging measurement. This is mainly due to the hierarchical and nonhomogenous structure of single fibres and difficulty in their extraction. The test methods are not standard, and the final data is very scattered. As an alternative method, we report the tensile properties of flax fibre bundles based on the impregnated fibre bundle test (IFBT) [1].</p> <p>Materials and brief description of the methodology can be found in the datasheet under ‘method’ tab. Flax fibre bundles were extracted from AmpliTex 5009 flax fabrics kindly provided by Bcomp. The matrix was Epikote 828 LVEL epoxy resin with Dytek DCH-99 hardener.</p> <p>Impregnated fibre bundle tests were performed with Instron 5567 and 30 kN loadcell, with 120 mm gauge length and 4% min <sup>-1</sup> strain rate. The strain was measured by a 50 mm clip-on extensometer. The abrasive paper was placed without glue in between the testing clamps and the samples. All samples were stored one week before test in a controlled environment of RH 50 % and 25 C.</p> <p>In the current datasheet, authors report the effect of graphene oxide treatment on tensile behaviour of single flax fibre bundles. As graphene oxide is hydrophilic with many hydroxyl functional groups, it is expected to bond with technical fibres and increase the stress transfer in a flax yarn.</p> <p> Graphene oxide (GO) aqueous dispersion with 1.2 wt % is prepared based on the modified Hummer’s method. GO is physically adsorbed on fibres by immersion of flax yarns into the aqueous dispersion for 24 hr. Fibres are dried at 80 C for 2 hr followed by 48 hr at 60 C. To differentiate between the effect of GO treatment and the potential loss in the tensile strength and tensile stiffness of fibres, authors report the data in 4 subclasses:</p> <ul> <li>As received flax yarns (dried at 60 C for 48 hr): labelled ‘as received’</li> <li>Kept in deionised water for 30 min: tagged ’30 min’</li> <li>Placed in deionised water for 24 hr: marked ’24 hr’</li> <li>Flax fibres immersed in 1.2 wt % GO aqueous dispersion for 24 hr: labelled ‘GO’</li> </ul> <p>Tensile test of single natural fibres is a challenging measurement. This is mainly due to the hierarchical and nonhomogenous structure of single fibres and difficulty in their extraction. The test methods are not standard, and the final data is very scattered. As an alternative method, we report the tensile properties of flax fibre bundles based on the impregnated fibre bundle test (IFBT) [1].</p> <p>Materials and brief description of the methodology can be found in the datasheet under ‘method’ tab. Flax fibre bundles were extracted from AmpliTex 5009 flax fabrics kindly provided by Bcomp. The matrix was Epikote 828 LVEL epoxy resin with Dytek DCH-99 hardener.</p> <p>Impregnated fibre bundle tests were performed with Instron 5567 and 30 kN loadcell, with 120 mm gauge length and 4% min <sup>-1</sup> strain rate. The strain was measured by a 50 mm clip-on extensometer. The abrasive paper was placed without glue in between the testing clamps and the samples. All samples were stored one week before test in a controlled environment of RH 50 % and 25 C.</p>
Fig.1 in Population Dynamics And Characterization Of Clostridium Macerans On Host Plant Of Flax
Fig.1. The AUDPC of Clostridium macerans as pathogen on the genotypes of flax during ontogenesis. abcd - AUDPC followed by the same letters in each column are not statistically significant by LSD0.05 (1.69).
Fig.2 in Population Dynamics And Characterization Of Clostridium Macerans On Host Plant Of Flax
Fig.2. Correlation coefficient between disease severity index of Clostridium macerans and sum of precipitation (mm). * − correlation significant at p≤0.05, ** − correlation significant at p≤0.01
Figure 1 in Assessment Of Flax Population Productivity Under Variable Ecological Factors During Ontogenesis
Figure 1. Hydrothermal coefficients (HTC) during the growth period of flax from 2014 to 2017 (y axis) and long term average (last 10 year data sets according WMO, 2017). Ranges of values (Skowera et al., 2014): HTC <0.4 extremely dry; 0.4 3.0 extremely humid.
Effect of acetone on the tensile properties of single flax fibres
<p>The single fibre tensile test data showing the effect of acetone on flax fibres.</p> <p>This document shows the effect of acetone on the tensile properties of single flax fibres. Acetone can be used to extract lipophilic from natural fibre surfaces and as a solvent for surface modification of fibres. For instance, the cellulose acetate/acetone solution can be used for interfacial toughening of flax-epoxy composites:<br> https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2021.106628</p> <p>However, it is essential to minimise the dip-coating time of the fabrics in acetone, to e.g., 5 seconds. The main reason is to avoid excessive hemicellulose and pectin extraction from fibres that act as a matrix and binder within the flax fibre microstructure.</p> <p>This document is provided as complementary data to the previously published article in the Journal of Composites Part A (published by Elsevier) by Javanshour et al. (Tampere University, Finland) and funded by FibreNet MSCA-ITN (European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement No 764713-FibreNet):<br> https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2021.106628</p>
A pathogen's spatial range is not constrained by geographical features in the flax rust pathosystem
<p>In this study, we performed several transect surveys over the course of the 2021 summer field season to assess potential ecogeographical range determinants for Lewis flax (<em>Linum</em> <em>lewisii</em>) and its pathogen, flax rust (<em>Melamspora</em> <em>lini</em>), in the area surrounding the Rocky Mountain Biological Laboratory in Gothic, Colorado. Additionally, we used generalized additive models to examine the effects of host population density and metapopulation structure on disease presence and prevalence.</p>
A pathogen’s spatial range is not constrained by geographical features in the flax rust pathosystem
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Roterij vlassite D'Hondt (Retting of flax)
A 3D model of a retting factory and an animation on the process of warmwater retting (tank retting) was produced by Towa FX for Texture - Museum of Flax and river Lys during the Flemish heritage project "Duiken in de Machine". The retting factory that is virtually reproduced is located in Menin, at the flax yard D'Hondt. The factory was first 3D laserscanned by RealVisuals, who also deliverd a 'mesh from point cloud'. Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
Sevilleta site, station Deep Well, study of plant cover of Linum puberulum (plains flax) in units of percent on a yearly timescale
The EcoTrends project was established in 2004 by Dr. Debra Peters (Jornada Basin LTER, USDA-ARS Jornada Experimental Range) and Dr. Ariel Lugo (Luquillo LTER, USDA-FS Luquillo Experimental Forest) to support the collection and analysis of long-term ecological datasets. The project is a large synthesis effort focused on improving the accessibility and use of long-term data. At present, there are ~50 state and federally funded research sites that are participating and contributing to the EcoTrends project, including all 26 Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) sites and sites funded by the USDA Agriculture Research Service (ARS), USDA Forest Service, US Department of Energy, US Geological Survey (USGS) and numerous universities. Data from the EcoTrends project are available through an exploratory web portal (http://www.ecotrends.info). This web portal enables the continuation of data compilation and accessibility by users through an interactive web application. Ongoing data compilation is updated through both manual and automatic processing as part of the LTER Provenance Aware Synthesis Tracking Architecture (PASTA). The web portal is a collaboration between the Jornada LTER and the LTER Network Office. The following dataset from Sevilleta (SEV) contains plant cover of Linum puberulum (plains flax) measurements in percent units and were aggregated to a yearly timescale.
Sevilleta site, station Five Points, study of plant cover of Linum puberulum (plains flax) in units of percent on a yearly timescale
The EcoTrends project was established in 2004 by Dr. Debra Peters (Jornada Basin LTER, USDA-ARS Jornada Experimental Range) and Dr. Ariel Lugo (Luquillo LTER, USDA-FS Luquillo Experimental Forest) to support the collection and analysis of long-term ecological datasets. The project is a large synthesis effort focused on improving the accessibility and use of long-term data. At present, there are ~50 state and federally funded research sites that are participating and contributing to the EcoTrends project, including all 26 Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) sites and sites funded by the USDA Agriculture Research Service (ARS), USDA Forest Service, US Department of Energy, US Geological Survey (USGS) and numerous universities. Data from the EcoTrends project are available through an exploratory web portal (http://www.ecotrends.info). This web portal enables the continuation of data compilation and accessibility by users through an interactive web application. Ongoing data compilation is updated through both manual and automatic processing as part of the LTER Provenance Aware Synthesis Tracking Architecture (PASTA). The web portal is a collaboration between the Jornada LTER and the LTER Network Office. The following dataset from Sevilleta (SEV) contains plant cover of Linum puberulum (plains flax) measurements in percent units and were aggregated to a yearly timescale.
PLATE 8. Figures 1–8. Flax species, adults. 1 in Revision of the Micronoctuidae (Lepidoptera: Noctuoidea). Part 4, Taxonomy of the subfamilies Tentaxinae and Micronoctuinae
PLATE 8. Figures 1–8. Flax species, adults. 1, Flax fulturai, male holotype, Solomon Is., Guadalcanal, Tapenanje; 2, F. fletcheri, male holotype, Solomon Is., Guadalcanal, Ilu Farm; 3, F. solomoni, male holotype, Solomon Is., NW Guadalcanal I., Honiara; 4, F. sanchristobali, male holotype, Solomon Is., San Christobal I, Kirakira; 5, 6, F. elachista (Fletcher, 1957), 5, male holotype, Solomon Is., Rennell I., Kasipa Hill, 6, male paratype, Solomon Is., Rennell I., Hutuna; 7, 8, F. rennelli, 7, male holo-
PLATE 6. Figures 1–8. Flax species, adults. 1 in Revision of the Micronoctuidae (Lepidoptera: Noctuoidea). Part 4, Taxonomy of the subfamilies Tentaxinae and Micronoctuinae
PLATE 6. Figures 1–8. Flax species, adults. 1, Flax brevipennis, male holotype, Indonesia, West Sumatra, 10 km E Rimbo Panti; 2, F. bibrevipennis, male holotype, Indonesia, West Malaysia, Sarawak, Semengoh Forest Reserve; 3, F. serami, male holotype, Indonesia, Seram; 4, F. tamborai, female holotype, Indonesia, Sumbawa, Mt. Tambora; 5, F. kuchingi, male holotype, E Malaysia, Borneo, Sarawak, Kuching; 6, F. sulawesii, male holotype, Indonesia, Sulawesi Utara; 7, F. kalliesi, male holotype,
PLATE 7. Figures 1–8. Flax species, adults. 1 in Revision of the Micronoctuidae (Lepidoptera: Noctuoidea). Part 4, Taxonomy of the subfamilies Tentaxinae and Micronoctuinae
PLATE 7. Figures 1–8. Flax species, adults. 1, Flax semilongus, male holotype, Philippines, Palawan, 14 km W Puerto Princessa; 2, F. micronesia, male holotype, Micronesia, Palau, Babelthuap I.; 3, F. palaui, female holotype, Micronesia, Palau, North Babeldaob I.; 4, F. biaki male holotype, Indonesia, Irian Jaya, Biak Island; 5, F. newirlandi, male holotype, Papua New Guinea, Bismarck Is., New Ireland middle; 6, F. lueneborgi, male holotype, Papua New Guinea, Bismarck Isl., Dyaul I.; 7, F.
PLATE 33. Figures 1–6. Flax species, female genitalia. 1 in Revision of the Micronoctuidae (Lepidoptera: Noctuoidea). Part 4, Taxonomy of the subfamilies Tentaxinae and Micronoctuinae
PLATE 33. Figures 1–6. Flax species, female genitalia. 1, Flax clavus, female paratype, slide 3932, Indonesia, W Java, Preanger, near Bandung; 2, F. poseidon, female paratype, slide 3738, Indonesia, Sumatra SW, Mt. Dempo; 3, F. brevipennis, female paratype, slide 4544, Indonesia, West Sumatra, 10 km E Rimbo Panti; 4, F. tamborai, female paratype, slide 3740, Indonesia, Sumbawa, Mt. Tambora; 5, F. sulawesii, female paratype, slide 3203, Indonesia, Sulawesi Utara; 6, F. kalliesi, female
FIGURE 9. A in Taxonomic update of the flax family in Mexico
FIGURE 9. A. Linum orizabae; B. Linum pringlei; C. Linum puberulum; D. Linum rupestre. Photographs by José Luis Colin.
FIGURE 8. Linum modestum. A in Taxonomic update of the flax family in Mexico
FIGURE 8. Linum modestum. A. Aspect general of the plant; B. Basal leaves; C. Distal leaves; D. Flower; E. Filament and anther; F Styles and stigmata; G. Fruit. Illustrated by Lizbeth Pérez Lucas, based on Henrickson 19265.
FIGURE 6. A in Taxonomic update of the flax family in Mexico
FIGURE 6. A. Linum elongatum; B. Linum flagellare; C. Linum lasiocarpum; D. Linum lewisii. Photographs by José Luis Colin.
FIGURE 5 in Taxonomic update of the flax family in Mexico
FIGURE 5. Geographic distribution in the Mexican territory of: A. L. cruciata, L. lasiocarpum, L. lewisii, L. mexicanum, and L. tenellum; B. L. elongatum, L. neomexicanum, L. puberulum, L. rzedowskii, and L. schiedeanum; C. L. modestum, L. orizabae, L. pringlei, L. scabrellum, and L. vernale. Maps by Ma. Isabel Olivares.
FIGURE 2 in Taxonomic update of the flax family in Mexico
FIGURE 2. Geographic distribution in the Mexican territory of: A. H. micranthum, L. aristatum, L. berlandieri var. filifolium, L. longipes, and L. rupestre; B. L. australe, L. australe var. glandulosum, L. flagellare, L. nelsonii, and L. usitatissimum. Maps by Ma. Isabel Olivares.
FIGURE 4. Linum australe var. glandulosum. A in Taxonomic update of the flax family in Mexico
FIGURE 4. Linum australe var. glandulosum. A. Aspect general of the plant; B. Leaf; C. Flower; D. Filament and anther; E. Styles and stigmata; F. Fruit; G. Detail of stipular glands. Illustrated by Lizbeth Pérez Lucas, based on A. Ventura A. 1727 & M.L. Arreguín 346.
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