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Fig. 5 in Effects of large temperature fluctuations on hatching and subsequent development of the diamondback moth (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae)

Fig. 5. Pupa and adult traits (mean ± SE) afer different treatments. (A) Development time of pupae, (B) emergence rate, (C) adult longevity and (D) fecundity in the diamondback moth following emergence from eggs exposed to different fluctuating temperature ranges (25 ± 0, 25 ± 2, 25 ± 4, 25 ± 6, 25 ± 8 and 25 ± 10 °C). Different letters at the tops of columns indicate significant differences at P = 0.05.

Fig. 3 in Effects of large temperature fluctuations on hatching and subsequent development of the diamondback moth (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae)

Fig. 3. Egg traits (mean ± SE) afer different treatments. (A) Development time of eggs and (B) hatching rate of diamondback moth under 6 different temperature regimens with the same mean temperature but different ranges of temperature fluctuations (25 ± 0, 25 ± 2, 25 ± 4, 25 ± 6, 25 ± 8 and 25 ± 10 °C). Different letters at the tops of the columns indicate significant differences at P = 0.05.

Fig. 2 in Effects of large temperature fluctuations on hatching and subsequent development of the diamondback moth (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae)

Fig. 2. Target temperatures in experiments. Target temperatures with different ranges of temperature fluctuations around 25 °C in climate chambers for 3 consecutive days.

Fig. 4 in Effects of large temperature fluctuations on hatching and subsequent development of the diamondback moth (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae)

Fig. 4. Traits of larvae (mean ±SE) hatched from eggs exposed to treatments involving the same mean temperature but various ranges of temperature fluctuations. (A) Development times of larvae, (B) pupation rates, (C) pre-pupal masses and (D) growth rates of larvae following emergence from eggs exposed to different fluctuating temperature ranges (25 ± 0, 25 ± 2, 25 ± 4, 25 ± 6, 25 ± 8 and 25 ± 10 °C). Different letters at the tops of columns indicate significant differences at P = 0.05.

Fig. 1 in Effects of large temperature fluctuations on hatching and subsequent development of the diamondback moth (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae)

Fig. 1. Diurnal air temperature fluctuations in a cabbage field in the summer in Beijing. Temperature was recorded with a data logger placed close to the underside of leaves and placed 30–35 cm above the ground in the middle of a 2 ha cabbage field.

Fig. 2 in Impact of fluctuating and constant temperatures on key life history parameters of Sipha flava (Hemiptera: Aphididae)

Fig. 2. Effects of either fluctuating or constant temperatures on the longevity (days) and the reproductive capacity (offspring per female) of Sipha flava, i.e., Panel A, effect on the longevity of Sipha flava subjected to Trt. #1 (uncontrolled greenhouse with a fluctuating temperature regime) and Trt #2 (simulated mean hourly temperatures of the greenhouse with a fluctuating temperature regime); Panel B, effect on fecundity of Sipha flava subjected to the same treatments as in Panel A; Panel C, effect on the longevity of Sipha flava subjected to Trt #2 (simulated mean hourly temperatures of the greenhouse with a fluctuating temperature regime), Trt #4 (a constant mean temperature of 22.5 °C), Trt #3 (simulated mean temperatures of 27 °C during photophase and 18 °C during scotophase); Panel D, effect on fecundity of Sipha flava subjected to the same treatments as in Panel C. Mean longevity and fecundity values followed by different lowercase letters are significantly different based on ANOVA followed by the Tukey test.

Fig. 1 in Impact of fluctuating and constant temperatures on key life history parameters of Sipha flava (Hemiptera: Aphididae)

Fig. 1. Simulated hourly mean temperatures in the uncontrolled greenhouse every day during the 53 d period when the effects of various temperatures on the longevity and reproductive capacity of Sipha flava were determined.

opencc-by-4.0Oct 2018View details →

Data and Code for: Determination of the Signal Fluctuation Threshold of the Temperature Ion Composition Ambiguity Problem Using Monte Carlo Simulations

This repository contains the datasets and scripts used to obtain the Figures of the paper "Determination of the Signal Fluctuation Threshold of the Temperature Ion Composition Ambiguity Problem Using Monte Carlo Simulations". The repository is organized as follows: - a) ISR model script - b) Script to visualize the two solutions of the TICA problem - c) Generator of uniformly selected parameters - d) Script to represent the space of parameters - Part 0) Monte Carlo simulation codes - Part I) Analysis of the efffect of the uncertainty on the initial guess - Part II) Analysis of the impact of the addition of parameters from the Plasma Line - Part III) Analysis of the information provided by the addition of each parameter - Part IV) Analysis of the effect of the uncertainty on the parameters added All datasets and scripts were generated and tested using Matlab 2017. Simulations have been executed in parallel on a SLURM cluster, compilation and running scripts are provided.

opencc-by-4.0Aug 2021View details →

Dataset for: Effects of constant versus fluctuating temperatures on fitness indicators of the aphid Dysaphis plantaginea and the parasitoid Aphidius matricariae

This is the dataset for the article entitled: Effects of constant versus fluctuating temperatures on fitness indicators of the aphid Dysaphis plantaginea and the parasitoid Aphidius matricariae. Like all organisms, insects encounter temperatures that fluctuate on different time scales: within a day, between days, or throughout the seasons. However, most studies on the impact of temperature on insect physiology, behaviour, morphology or ecology have focused on constant temperatures tested in the laboratory. In our study, we wanted to know if fluctuating temperatures during the day (7—17°C, average 12°C) can affect insects differently compared to a constant temperature of 12°C. We use as a model the apple aphid Dysaphis plantaginea, a major threat to apple orchards worldwide, and its parasitoid Aphidius matricariae, which is used in biological control. We found that many traits—but not all—were affected. In particular, the fluctuating thermal regime decreased the development time of aphids and parasitoids, improved the rate of parasitism, and tended (albeit slightly) to improve the survival of both species. In contrast, we did not find strong effects on morphological traits. Our results can be used to better predict how these agronomically important insects behave in orchards, how fluctuating temperatures affect host-parasitoid relationships, and ultimately what the implications are in the context of climate change and biological control.

dryad40/100

Data: Cumulative heat stress in fluctuating temperatures and implications for the distribution of freshwater fish

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publicDec 2024View details →

opencc-zeroDec 2020View details →

Data from: Differing thermal sensitivities in a host-parasitoid interaction: high, fluctuating developmental temperatures produce dead wasps and giant caterpillars

1. Insect parasitoids, and the arthropod hosts they consume during development, are important ecological players in almost all environments across the globe. As ectothermic organisms, both parasitoid and host are strongly impacted by environmental temperature. If thermal tolerances differ between host insect and parasitoid, then the outcome of their interaction will be determined by the ambient temperature. As mean temperatures continue to rise and extreme temperatures become more frequent, we must determine the effect of high temperature stress on host-parasitoid systems to predict how they will fare in the face of climate change. 2. The majority of studies conducted on host-parasitoid systems focus on either performance under constant temperature, or a fixed metric of thermal tolerance (CTmax) for individual organisms. However, performance at constant temperatures is not predictive of performance under ecologically relevant, fluctuating temperatures, and measurements of thermal thresholds provide little information regarding the effects of temperature throughout development. We address this by testing the effects of increasing mean temperature in both constant and fluctuating (±10°C) environments throughout development on the performance of the parasitoid wasp Cotesia congregata and its lepidopteran larval host, Manduca sexta. 3. The growth of M. sexta was influenced by mean temperature, diurnal fluctuations, and parasitization status. Caterpillar growth rate increased with increasing mean temperature, but decreased in response to diurnal fluctuations and parasitization by C. congregata wasps. 4. Wasp survival decreased with increasing mean temperature, and diurnal fluctuations decreased wasp survival, especially at higher mean temperatures. Diurnal fluctuations at our highest mean temperature treatment (30°C±10°C) resulted in complete wasp mortality, and parasitized hosts displayed abnormal physiology, wherein they failed to exhibit wasp emergence, did not enter the prepupal stage, continued to feed, and grew up to two-fold larger than a normal, unparasitized caterpillar. 5. Our results indicate hosts and parasitoids in this system have different thermal tolerances during development; the parasitoid wasp suffered complete mortality at a temperature regime that is mildly stressful for the unparasitized caterpillar host species. Our findings suggest C. congregata will suffer more severely under increasing temperatures than M. sexta, with cascading trophic and ecological effects.

zenodo36/100

Dataset for: 'Influence of seasonal temperature fluctuation on successful reproduction of the Gorongosa girdled lizard (Smaug mossambicus)' - Baker and Jones

Datasets for recreating figures in 'Influence of seasonal temperature fluctuation on successful reproduction of the Gorongosa girdled lizard (Smaug mossambicus)' , and an accompanying R script.

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2021View details →

opencc-zeroNov 2022View details →

Data for: Latent functional diversity may accelerate microbial community responses to temperature fluctuations

How complex microbial communities respond to climatic fluctuations remains an open question. Due to their relatively short generation times and high functional diversity, microbial populations harbor great potential to respond as a community through a combination of strain-level phenotypic plasticity, adaptation, and species sorting. However, the relative importance of these mechanisms remains unclear. We conducted a laboratory experiment to investigate the degree to which bacterial communities can respond to changes in environmental temperature through a combination of phenotypic plasticity and species sorting alone. We grew replicate soil communities from a single location at six temperatures between 4°C and 50°C. We found that phylogenetically- and functionally-distinct communities emerge at each of these temperatures, with K-strategist taxa favoured under cooler conditions, and r-strategist taxa under warmer conditions. We show that this dynamic emergence of distinct communities across a wide range of temperatures (in essence, community-level adaptation), is driven by the resuscitation of latent functional diversity: the parent community harbors multiple strains pre-adapted to different temperatures that are able to "switch on" at their preferred temperature without immigration or adaptation. Our findings suggest that microbial community function in nature is likely to respond rapidly to climatic temperature fluctuations through shifts in species composition by resuscitation of latent functional diversity.

opencc-zeroJul 2023View details →

A seven-year record of fluctuating core body temperatures of nesting leatherback and hawksbill sea turtles

Sea turtles experience considerable changes in water temperatures during migrations and seasonal movements that will influence their body temperatures. Nothing is known of how sea turtles' core body temperatures vary from season to season at nesting sites. Over seven consecutive seasons we measured the surface temperatures of freshly laid eggs as proxies of core body temperatures of sea turtles using non-contact infrared thermometers. We estimated the temperatures of two species that have contrasting migration patterns - leatherbacks, which are adapted to migrate between tropical breeding sites to cold temperate waters, and hawksbills that are confined to the tropics and sub-tropics. We found considerable year-to-year variations in temperatures in both species (means ranging from 30.4°C to 31.5°C in leatherbacks), hawksbills the more so (28.1°C to 30.3°C). These differences will likely be modified by both natural seasonal variations and anthropogenic changes in global ocean temperatures and resulting changes in currents and water temperatures local to nesting beaches. These previously unrecognised fluctuations in body temperatures of nesting turtles have, it is argued, potential for predicting environmental tolerances, reproductive success, and nest site selection by sea turtles, and contribute to predictions of which rookeries may remain viable or not during future ocean warming.

publicJul 2023View details →

A seven-year record of fluctuating core body temperatures of nesting leatherback and hawksbill sea turtles

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publicNov 2022View details →

Data for: Latent functional diversity may accelerate microbial community responses to temperature fluctuations

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publicJan 2025View details →

Data from: Scale-dependent responses to environmental fluctuations in tropical tree species’ crown temperatures

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