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27 results for “Forest demography”
Forest Inventory for Tree Demography and Carbohydrate Reserves at Harvard Forest 2009-2011
The objective of this study is to establish a network of forest plots spanning the eastern U.S. focused on understanding how regional scale climate patterns affect patterns of tree demography (e.g. growth, mortality, dieback). Within each research site we also aim to understand the landscape-scale variability in demographic rates and how these rates are affected by edaphic variables by aligning plots along primary environmental gradients (elevation, soils, hydrology, fire return interval). The demographic data obtained will also be compared to regional and landscape-scale patterns in carbon reserves in adults and sapling by sampling root and stem concentrations of nonstructural carbohydrates (TNC) and relate these to demographic patterns, life-history traits, and plant C:N ratios. Besides addressing important ecological questions directly, this study is designed to improve the representations of vegetation dynamics and carbohydrate reserves in regional and landscape-scale forest ecosystem models--two of the least data-constrained processes in such models--by parameterizing and validating the modules for these processes in the Ecosystem Demography model (ED v2.1). This data set contains two years of census data for eight mapped plots distributed across Harvard Forest along the aforementioned primary environmental gradients.
Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest: Oak seedling demography, 2011 - ongoing
This data set was built from a larger data set of marked northern red oak seedlings surveyed from 2011-2023. In this data set, only seedlings marked in their year of germination with full environmental and seedlings measures were kept (N = 937). The data set was built for an accelerated failure time model of seedling survival that found year of germination, seedling density, shrub cover and elevation to have the largest effect on survival time. The status of the seedling acorn (attached or missing) was also important. These data were gathered as part of the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study (HBES). The HBES is a collaborative effort at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, which is operated and maintained by the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station.
Simulations for: The anthropogenic imprint on temperate and boreal forest demography and carbon turnover
<p>LPJ-GUESS model output underlying analysis in:<br> Thomas A. M. Pugh, Rupert Seidl, Daijun Liu, Mats Lindeskog, Louise P. Chini, Cornelius Senf, The anthropogenic imprint on temperate and boreal forest demography and carbon turnover, Global Ecology and Biogeography. 10.1111/geb.13773</p> <p>For a full description of the simulations, please refer to the above paper. If using the data please cite this dataset and the publication above.</p> <p>Files are provided as netcdf4 files. Basic metadata is included in the headers of the individual files.</p> <p># Simulation types<br> _standard_nat_2014 -> Best estimate simulation under natural disturbance. Averaging period 2001-2014<br> _high_nat_2014 -> Upper estimate simulation under natural disturbance. Averaging period 2001-2014<br> _low_nat_2014 -> Lower estimate simulation under natural disturbance. Averaging period 2001-2014<br> _standard_nat_1990 -> Best estimate simulation under natural disturbance. Averaging period 1961-1990<br> _standard_natcc_2014 -> Best estimate simulation based on closed-canopy forest area calculations under natural disturbance. Averaging period 2001-2014<br> _standard_anthro_2014 -> Best estimate simulation under natural and anthropogenic disturbance. Averaging period 2001-2014<br> _high_anthro_2014 -> Upper estimate simulation under natural and anthropogenic disturbance. Averaging period 2001-2014<br> _low_anthro_2014 -> Lower estimate simulation under natural and anthropogenic disturbance. Averaging period 2001-2014<br> _site_recovery_Eurasia_nodist -> Site simulations for 4 Eurasian sites looking at the successional sequence. 800 years long under constant spinup environmental conditions.<br> _site_recovery_America_nodist -> Site simulations for 5 North American sites looking at the successional sequence. 800 years long under constant spinup environmental conditions.</p> <p># Variables (for units see netcdf metadata)<br> Cveg -> Live vegetation carbon<br> Clitter -> Litter carbon<br> Csoil -> Soil carbon<br> LAI -> Leaf area index<br> NPP -> Net primary productivity<br> GPP -> Gross primary productivity<br> distprob -> Natural disturbance probability<br> age -> Stand age structure<br> temprange -> Annual temperature range (based on monthly means)<br> wooddensity -> community mean wood density</p> <p>Note:<br> All nat simulations assume that forest covers the whole grid cell.<br> All anthro simulations assume that forest only covers the primary and secondary fractions of the grid cell, as defined in the LUH2 dataset, however values are given relative to the whole grid cell. I.e. value_on_forest_area * (primary_area_fraction+secondary_area_fraction).</p>
Long-term (1962-2019) tree demography on permanent plots in old-growth northern hardwood forests of the Huron Mountains, Marquette Co., Michigan.
This package contains tree demographic data from multiple remeasurements of several sets of permanent study plots in old-growth hemlock-northern hardwood forests in northern Marquette Co., Michigan. Plots were established from 1962-2001, with five to nine censuses over the study period. Plots are distributed over a large and diverse area of old-growth forests protected since ca. 1880, with no commercial management and active management limited to maintenance of trails and tracks. Most plots have not experienced stand-originating disturbances for at least 400 years (based on increment cores); three plots are in stands originating following a fire ca. 1830 ("Bourdo plots" 7094-7096). Forests are dominated by sugar maple (Acer saccharum) and eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis); secondary species include yellow birch (Betula alleghaniensis), basswood (Tilia americana), and hop-hornbeam (Ostrya virginiana). Soils are variable, ranging from deep sandy outwash to thin layers of rocky till over bedrock. Mortality and diameter growth of all trees were recorded at each remeasurement. Protocols for measurement and stem-mapping are described in Methods. Several publications use some of the data included in this package -- see 'journal citations'. (identified as Kalkaska series) are developed on deep sandy glacial outwash. The plot is within a much larger region of old-growth forest, protected since ca. 1880, with only minimal disturbance associated with access tracks and trails. Numerous other forest community and dendrochronological studies support the interpretation that the area around the study plot has not experienced stand-initiating disturbance for at least 400 years. Initial mapping and measurements (1993-1995 for 2.52 ha; an additional 0.2 ha added in 1999) used a 20x20 m grid established in a near-level area of uniform substrate. All stems were identified to species, mapped on polar coordinates from the center of each grid cell (including, at first measurement, identif
University of Kansas Field Station: Forest demography, 1980 – 2015. On ten study plots established on three management units all live trees with a dbh > 7.5 cm (3 in) were identified to species, measured, and tagged. Trees were initially measured in 1980/1981 and re-measured in three successive time periods: 1993/95; 2002/03; and 2014/15. Trees will be measured again in 2025/26.
In 1980 researchers at the University of Kansas initiated a long-term experiment monitoring the composition of oak-hickory forest communities at the University’s field station near Lawrence, Kansas. The purpose of the study was to determine how forest species composition varied temporally across distinct habitats that varied in topography, elevation, sun exposure, management history and successional stage. Ten permanent sites were sampled approximately each decade with data collection periods of 1980/81, 1993/95, 2002/03, and 2014/15. Trees with a minimum diameter at breast height (dbh) of ≥ 7.5 cm were tagged, identified to species and measured. Trees will be measured again in 2025/26.
Seedling Dynamics Demography Data, from the Yasuní Forest Dynamics Plot, Ecuador, 2002-2019
Seedling demography data are provided in annual censuses of 600 seedling plots in an equatorial, ever-wet rainforest in eastern Ecuador, in Yasuní National Park. This long-term study uses standardized methodology from the Smithsonian ForestGEO network of plots, and in particular coordination with similar studies in Luquillo, Puerto Rico, and Barro Colorado Island, Panama. We address hypotheses about the maintenance of forest diversity and long-term variation, and link our data to companion studies of flowering and fruiting phenology and sapling and adult dynamics in the Yasuní Forest Dynamics 50-ha Plot. The project is ongoing, and additional data will be added as they are processed.
Goodyera pubescens plant demography from 1999-2003 at the Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory, Chattahoochee National Forest, and Whitehall Forest
H. Ron Pulliam (University of Georgia Emeritus) established 17 plant demography grids (each between 250 and 480 m2 in size) divided into 2 x 2 m cells in 1999 at the Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory (35.060037,-83.43044) in Macon County, N.C, Chattahoochee National Forest in Habersham County (34.51271,-83.47465) and Whitehall Forest in Athens-Clarke County, GA (33.884774,-83.357527). Grids 1-6 located at Coweeta were 20 x 24 m; grids 7-10 located at Chattahoochee were 20 x 24 m, except grid 10 was 10 x 24; grids 11-17 located at Whitehall were 20 x 24 m, except grids 12 and 13 were 10 x 12 m, grid 16 was 20 x 20 m and grid 17 was 12 x 24. Individuals of six plant species occurring in each grid were flagged and monitored in for eight years, 1999-2006, along with soil moisture and temperature (presented in a separate data set). All grids were located in the understory shade environment of deciduous forests in mid- to mature stages of succession (60+ years of growth). Each plant was visited at least twice annually to assess survival, growth, reproduction and fecundity. Survival was based on the presence or absence of a plant as identified by its flagged identification number (per grid and individual). For absent plants, mortality was distinguished from dormancy by leaving flag markers in place and recording the subsequent return of an adult plant to the same location. Growth was based on leaf size. Reproduction was based on the presence of reproductive structures, flowers or fruit, and fecundity was based on the appearance of local seedlings. As dormancy is not uncommon in understory plants, flags were not removed due to the absence of a previously measured plant which allowed for the assessment of dormancy rates upon its potential return. The data contained herein are for Anemone americana (previously Hepatica nobilis), which only occurred in grid cells located at Whitehall.
Hepatica nobilis (Anenome americana) plant demography 1999-2006 at the Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory, Chattahoochee National Forest, and Whitehall Forest
H. Ron Pulliam (University of Georgia Emeritus) established 17 plant demography grids (each between 250 and 480 m2 in size) divided into 2 x 2 m cells in 1999 at the Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory (35.060037,-83.43044) in Macon County, N.C, Chattahoochee National Forest in Habersham County (34.51271,-83.47465) and Whitehall Forest in Athens-Clarke County, GA (33.884774,-83.357527). Grids 1-6 located at Coweeta were 20 x 24 m; grids 7-10 located at Chattahoochee were 20 x 24 m, except grid 10 was 10 x 24; grids 11-17 located at Whitehall were 20 x 24 m, except grids 12 and 13 were 10 x 12 m, grid 16 was 20 x 20 m and grid 17 was 12 x 24. Individuals of six plant species occurring in each grid were flagged and monitored in for eight years, 1999-2006, along with soil moisture and temperature (presented in a separate data set). All grids were located in the understory shade environment of deciduous forests in mid- to mature stages of succession (60+ years of growth). Each plant was visited at least twice annually to assess survival, growth, reproduction and fecundity. Survival was based on the presence or absence of a plant as identified by its flagged identification number (per grid and individual). For absent plants, mortality was distinguished from dormancy by leaving flag markers in place and recording the subsequent return of an adult plant to the same location. Growth was based on leaf size. Reproduction was based on the presence of reproductive structures, flowers or fruit, and fecundity was based on the appearance of local seedlings. As dormancy is not uncommon in understory plants, flags were not removed due to the absence of a previously measured plant which allowed for the assessment of dormancy rates upon its potential return. The data contained herein are for Anemone americana (previously Hepatica nobilis), which only occurred in grid cells located at Whitehall.
Hexastylis arifolia (Asarum canadensis) plant demography 1999-2006 at the Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory, Chattahoochee National Forest, and Whitehall Forest
H. Ron Pulliam (University of Georgia Emeritus) established 17 plant demography grids (each between 250 and 480 m2 in size) divided into 2 x 2 m cells in 1999 at the Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory (35.060037,-83.43044) in Macon County, N.C, Chattahoochee National Forest in Habersham County (34.51271,-83.47465) and Whitehall Forest in Athens-Clarke County, GA (33.884774,-83.357527). Grids 1-6 located at Coweeta were 20 x 24 m; grids 7-10 located at Chattahoochee were 20 x 24 m, except grid 10 was 10 x 24; grids 11-17 located at Whitehall were 20 x 24 m, except grids 12 and 13 were 10 x 12 m, grid 16 was 20 x 20 m and grid 17 was 12 x 24. Individuals of six plant species occurring in each grid were flagged and monitored in for eight years, 1999-2006, along with soil moisture and temperature (presented in a separate data set). All grids were located in the understory shade environment of deciduous forests in mid- to mature stages of succession (60+ years of growth). Each plant was visited at least twice annually to assess survival, growth, reproduction and fecundity. Survival was based on the presence or absence of a plant as identified by its flagged identification number (per grid and individual). For absent plants, mortality was distinguished from dormancy by leaving flag markers in place and recording the subsequent return of an adult plant to the same location. Growth was based on leaf size. Reproduction was based on the presence of reproductive structures, flowers or fruit, and fecundity was based on the appearance of local seedlings. As dormancy is not uncommon in understory plants, flags were not removed due to the absence of a previously measured plant which allowed for the assessment of dormancy rates upon its potential return. The data contained herein are for Anemone americana (previously Hepatica nobilis), which only occurred in grid cells located at Whitehall.
Conifer seedling demography reveals mechanisms of initial forest resilience to wildfires in the northern Rocky Mountains
<p>Climate warming and an increased frequency and severity of wildfires are expected to transform forest ecosystems, in part through altered post-fire vegetation trajectories. Such a loss of forest resilience to wildfires arises due to a failure to pass through one or more critical demographic stages, or "filters," including seed availability, germination, establishment, and survival. Here we quantify the relative influence of microclimate and microsite conditions on key stages of post-fire seedling demography in two large, lightning-ignited wildfires from the regionally extensive fire season of 2017 in the northern Rocky Mountains, U.S.A. We tracked conifer seedling density, survival, and growth in the first three years post-fire in 69 plots spanning gradients in fire severity, topography, and climate; all plots were limited to within 100 m of a seed source to assure seed availability. Microclimate conditions were inferred based on measurements in a subset of 46 plots. We found abundant post-fire conifer regeneration, with a median of 2,633 seedlings per hectare after three years, highlighting early resilience to wildfire. This robust regeneration was due in part to moderate post-fire climate conditions, supporting high survivorship (>50% on average) of all seedlings tracked over the study period (n = 763). A statistical model based on variables describing potential seed availability, microclimate, fire severity, understory vegetation, and soil nitrogen availability explained 75% of the variability in seedling density among plots. This analysis highlights the overarching importance of fine-scale heterogeneity in fire effects, which determine microclimate conditions and create diverse microsites for seedlings, ultimately facilitating post-fire tree regeneration. Our study elucidates mechanisms of forest resilience to wildfires and demonstrates the utility of a demographic perspective for anticipating forest responses to future wildfires under changing environmental conditions.</p>
Conifer seedling demography reveals mechanisms of initial forest resilience to wildfires in the northern Rocky Mountains
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Genomic demography predicts community dynamics in a temperate Montane forest
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Data and code from: Climate change, tree demography, and thermophilization in western US forests
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Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest: Orchid Demography
This data set consists of two tables. The first table contains life demography stages for two round-leaved orchid taxa, Platanthera macrophylla and P. orbiculata, over the years 2011-2015. The second tables contains leaf area measures by orchid and life stage. Data have been published in: Cleavitt, NL.; Berry, EJ, Hautaniemi, J, and Fahey, TJ. 2017. Life stages, demographic rates, and leaf damage for the round-leaved orchids, Platanthera orbiculata (Pursh.) Lindley and P. macrophylla (Goldie) PM Brown in a northern hardwood forest in New Hampshire, USA. Botany 95 (1): 61-71. These data were gathered as part of the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study (HBES). The HBES is a collaborative effort at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, which is operated and maintained by the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station.
Data from: Leaf development and demography explain photosynthetic seasonality in Amazon evergreen forests
In evergreen tropical forests, the extent, magnitude, and controls on photosynthetic seasonality are poorly resolved and inadequately represented in Earth system models. Combining camera observations with ecosystem carbon dioxide fluxes at forests across rainfall gradients in Amazônia, we show that aggregate canopy phenology, not seasonality of climate drivers, is the primary cause of photosynthetic seasonality in these forests. Specifically, synchronization of new leaf growth with dry season litterfall shifts canopy composition toward younger, more light-use efficient leaves, explaining large seasonal increases (~27%) in ecosystem photosynthesis. Coordinated leaf development and demography thus reconcile seemingly disparate observations at different scales and indicate that accounting for leaf-level phenology is critical for accurately simulating ecosystem-scale responses to climate change.
Data from: Relatedness and demography of African forest elephants: inferences from noninvasive fecal DNA analyses
African forest elephants (Loxodonta cyclotis) are genetically and morphologically distinct from their savannah counterparts, but their biology remains poorly understood. In this study, I use noninvasive fecal DNA analyses to examine the relatedness structure and historical demography of forest elephants at two sites in SW Gabon, central Africa. Pairwise relatedness values calculated between 162 elephant individuals genotyped at eight microsatellite loci were significantly higher within spatially associated dung piles than between random pairings for one site. First- and second-order relatives were most commonly detected among dung piles from adult female pairs and adult females and juveniles. Pairwise relatedness estimates suggested that, like savannah elephants, forest groups are largely composed of adult females, their sisters, and juvenile offspring. Associations between males, and groups containing juveniles from multiple related females, were detected but at much lower frequency. Analysis of mitochondrial d-loop sequences from 70 elephant individuals identified two haplogroups in SW Gabon.
Data used for analysis in "Calibrating tropical forest coexistence in ecosystem demography models using multi-objective optimization through population-based parallel surrogate search"
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Figure 3 in Development and demography of Phasmahyla jandaia (Bokermann and Sazima, 1978) (Anura, Hylidae) tadpoles in an Atlantic Forest site, southeastern Brazil
Figure 3. Number of Phasmahyla jandaia individuals in developmental Class I (line) and in the Sub-class I.1 (dotted line; see Material and methods) in the pool formed by the dam of the Estação Ecológica de Fechos, Nova Lima (Minas Gerais, southeastern Brazil), from June 2002 to May 2003 and from August 2004 to November 2005. Arrows indicate detected tadpole recruitments into the population. Each mark on the x-axis corresponds to one sampling, and samplings were separated by 15 days. The corresponding month is provided every two samplings.
Figure 4 in Development and demography of Phasmahyla jandaia (Bokermann and Sazima, 1978) (Anura, Hylidae) tadpoles in an Atlantic Forest site, southeastern Brazil
Figure 4. Number of Phasmahyla jandaia tadpoles by developmental classes: (A) Class I; (B) Class II; (C) Class III; (D) Class IV; (E) Class V; (F) Class VI; (G) Class VII; (H) Class VIII; (I) Class IX; (J) Class X, recorded every 15 days, in the pool formed by the dam of the Estação Ecológica de Fechos, Nova Lima (Minas Gerais, southeastern Brazil), between June 2002 and May 2003 and August 2004 and November 2005. Brackets indicate a large cohort that was used to estimate developmental period.
Figure 2 in Development and demography of Phasmahyla jandaia (Bokermann and Sazima, 1978) (Anura, Hylidae) tadpoles in an Atlantic Forest site, southeastern Brazil
Figure 2. Total number of individuals of Phasmahyla jandaia in the pool formed by the dam of Estação Ecológica de Fechos, Nova Lima (Minas Gerais, southeastern Brazil), from June 2002 to May 2003 (Jun to Apr on x-axis) and from August 2004 to November 2005 (Aug to Oct on x-axis). Each mark on the x-axis corresponds to one sampling, and samplings were separated by 15 days. The corresponding month is provided every two samplings.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.