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Figs 83-90 in Fragilaria rinoi sp. nov. (Fragilariales, Fragilariophyceae) from periphytic river samples in Central Portugal

Figs 83-90. SEM micrographs of the type material of Fragilaria vaucheriae (Kütz.) J.B.Petersen. 83. Complete valve in external view. 84. Complete frustule in external view. 85–86. Frustule in girdle view. 87, 90. Detail of the apex in girdle view, with the girdle bands and fimbriae clearly visible (indicated by the arrows). 88–89. Detail of the apex in external view (arrow indicates the rimoportula). Scale bars = 2 µm.

Fig. 1 in Fragilaria rinoi sp. nov. (Fragilariales, Fragilariophyceae) from periphytic river samples in Central Portugal

Fig. 1. Geographic locations of the sampling sites where Fragilaria rinoi Almeida & C.Delgado sp. nov. was found. The type locality is represented by a black circle in the Vouga river basin followed south by river Mondego and Lis basins.

Figs 78-82 in Fragilaria rinoi sp. nov. (Fragilariales, Fragilariophyceae) from periphytic river samples in Central Portugal

Figs 78-82. Scanning electron microscope images of Fragilaria rinoi Almeida & C.Delgado sp. nov. from Mogofores (river Cértima, Vouga river basin), 21 Mar. 2012 (Holotype BM 101 794). 78. Complete valve in external view. 79–80. Complete valves in internal view. 81. Detail of an apex in external view, with the apical pore field and rimoportula. 82. Detail of an apex in internal view, with the rimoportula clearly visible. Scale bars: 78–80, 82 = 2 µm; 81 = 1 µm.

Fig. 91 in Fragilaria rinoi sp. nov. (Fragilariales, Fragilariophyceae) from periphytic river samples in Central Portugal

Fig. 91. Comparison of the type population of Fragilaria rinoi Almeida & C.Delgado sp. nov. with the type material of related taxa. Data fitted to 95% confidence ellipses. NMDS plot of Booksteintransformed valve outline pseudolandmark coordinates. Black: F. rinoi sp. nov. Red: F. candidagilae Almeida, C.Delgado, Novais & S.Blanco. Blue: F. capucina Desm. Pink: F. intermedia Grunow in Van Heurck. Olive green: F. microvaucheriae C.E.Wetzel & Ector. Purple: F. neointermedia Tuji & D.M.Williams. Green: F. perminuta (Grunow) Lange-Bert. Dark blue: F. recapitellata Lange-Bert. & Metzeltin. Sky blue: F. vaucheriae (Kütz.) J.B.Petersen.

Figs 3–77 in Fragilaria rinoi sp. nov. (Fragilariales, Fragilariophyceae) from periphytic river samples in Central Portugal

Figs 3–77. Light microscope images of Fragilaria rinoi Almeida & C.Delgado sp. nov. 3–62. Mogofores (Cértima river, Vouga river basin, 21 Mar. 2012) type material (BM 101 794; Fig. 9 is from the holotype). 63–72. Estarreja (Antuã river, Vouga river basin, 22 Mar. 2012). 73–77. Foz do Ceira (river Ceira, Mondego river basin, 20 Mar. 2012). Scale bar = 10 µm.

Fig. 92 in Fragilaria rinoi sp. nov. (Fragilariales, Fragilariophyceae) from periphytic river samples in Central Portugal

Fig. 92. Boxplot of measurements of different Fragilaria species. Variation in valve length (a), width (b) and striae in 10 μm (c) measured in the type populations. The boxes represent the 25–75% quartiles, the median is shown with a horizontal line inside the box, and minimum and maximum values are shown with short horizontal lines (whiskers). Outliers are plotted as individual points.

Fig. 2 in Fragilaria rinoi sp. nov. (Fragilariales, Fragilariophyceae) from periphytic river samples in Central Portugal

Fig. 2. Type material of Fragilaria vaucheriae deposited in the Natural History Museum of London (BM 78023, BM 78024).

FIGURES 123–149 in Examination and comparison of Fragilaria candidagilae sp. nov. with type material of Fragilaria recapitellata, F. capucina, F. perminuta, F. intermedia and F. neointermedia (Fragilariales, Bacillariophyceae)

FIGURES 123–149. LM micrographs of the type materials. 123–131. Fragilaria intermedia (Grunow) Grunow from Tuji & Williams (2013); 132–149. Fragilaria neointermedia Tuji & Williams (2013) from type material Grunow (slide W-1901-0004076). Scale bar = 10 μm.

FIGURES 40–122 in Examination and comparison of Fragilaria candidagilae sp. nov. with type material of Fragilaria recapitellata, F. capucina, F. perminuta, F. intermedia and F. neointermedia (Fragilariales, Bacillariophyceae)

FIGURES 40–122. LM micrographs of the type materials. 40–75. Fragilaria recapitellata (Grunow) J.B. Petersen, individuals from Kützing's type material in packet 861, sheet 586 (slide – BM 101312); 76–107. Fragilaria perminuta, type material 2592 in Grunow's collection (slide W-2011-01898). 108–122. F. capucina Desmazières type material (slide BM! 81302). Scale bar = 10 μm.

FIGURES 34–39 in Examination and comparison of Fragilaria candidagilae sp. nov. with type material of Fragilaria recapitellata, F. capucina, F. perminuta, F. intermedia and F. neointermedia (Fragilariales, Bacillariophyceae)

FIGURES 34–39. SEM micrographs of Fragilaria candidagilae Almeida, C. Delgado, Novais & S. Blanco from Ribeira do Botão (Mondego basin), 13/02/2012. 34. Complete valve in external view with rimoportula on bottom apex. 35, 36. Complete valves in internal view with a rimoportula on bottom apex; 36. Arrow is pointing to open girdle band 37. Complete frustule in girdle view with arrow pointing to open girdle band. 38. Detail of the apex in external view, with the rimoportula clearly visible. 39. Detail of the apex of the frustule in external view, with the apical pore fields (APF). Scale bar = 10 μm..

FIGURES 2–33 in Examination and comparison of Fragilaria candidagilae sp. nov. with type material of Fragilaria recapitellata, F. capucina, F. perminuta, F. intermedia and F. neointermedia (Fragilariales, Bacillariophyceae)

FIGURES 2–33. LM micrographs of Fragilaria candidagilae sp. nov. Almeida, C. Delgado, Novais & S. Blanco. 2–19. Fragilaria candidagilae Almeida, C. Delgado, Novais & S. Blanco from Ribeira do Botão, (Mondego basin), 13/02/2012 (type population). 20–33. Fragilaria candidagilae sp. nov. Almeida, C. Delgado, Novais & S. Blanco from Brasfemes stream (Mondego basin), 13/02/2012. Scale bar = 10 μm.

FIGURE 1 in Examination and comparison of Fragilaria candidagilae sp. nov. with type material of Fragilaria recapitellata, F. capucina, F. perminuta, F. intermedia and F. neointermedia (Fragilariales, Bacillariophyceae)

FIGURE 1 Geographic localization of the sampling sites where Fragilaria candidagilae sp. nov. was found in Portugal. Type locality is represented with a black circle. ○ Douro basin, □ Mondego basin, ∆ Ribeiras do Algarve watersheds.

FIGURE 150 in Examination and comparison of Fragilaria candidagilae sp. nov. with type material of Fragilaria recapitellata, F. capucina, F. perminuta, F. intermedia and F. neointermedia (Fragilariales, Bacillariophyceae)

FIGURE 150. Comparison of the type population of Fragilaria candidagilae sp. nov. with the type material of related taxa. Data fitted to convex hulls. Sample sizes in table 4. Top: PCA plot of Bookstein-transformed valve outline pseudolandmark coordinates. Down: length/ width scatterplot. Grey: F. candidagilae. Red: F. recapitellata. Green: F. intermedia. Dark blue: F. capucina. Light blue: F. perminuta. Purple: F. neointermedia. ®: Lectotype. Μ: Epitype. ¡: Iconotype.