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40 results for “Freeze-thaw”
Indicative distribution map for Ecosystem Functional Group F2.4 Freeze-thaw freshwater lakes
<p>This archive contains indicative distribution maps and profiles for <strong>F2.4 Freeze-thaw freshwater lakes</strong>, a ecosystem functional group (EFG, level 3) of the <a href="https://global-ecosystems.org/">IUCN Global Ecosystem Typology</a> (v2.0). Please refer to Keith <em>et al.</em> (2020) for details.</p> <p>The descriptive profiles provide brief summaries of key ecological traits and processes, maps are indicative of global distribution patterns, and are not intended to represent fine-scale patterns. The maps show areas of the world containing major (value of 1, coloured red) or minor occurrences (value of 2, coloured yellow) of each ecosystem functional group. Minor occurrences are areas where an ecosystem functional group is scattered in patches within matrices of other ecosystem functional groups or where they occur in substantial areas, but only within a segment of a larger region. Given bounds of resolution and accuracy of source data, the maps should be used to query which EFG are likely to occur within areas, rather than which occur at particular point locations. Detailed methods and references for the maps are included in the profile (xml format).</p>
Supplementary data for the paper: "Resilient crystalline admixture in ultra-high performance self-healing concrete under cyclic freeze-thaw with de-icing salts"
<p>Supplementary data for the paper: "Resilient crystalline admixture in ultra-high performance self-healing concrete under cyclic freeze-thaw with de-icing salts"<br><br>Open data concerning experimental work. <span>This study investigates the influence of a crystalline admixture (CA) in Ultra-high performance (fibre-reinforced) concrete under freeze-thaw (FT) cycles with de-icing salts with focus on single cracks with a width of around 120 µm, specifically focusing on the ability of the healing products of CA to survive and the ability to re-heal after a healing regime following FT exposure. </span></p>
Model data and code for "Freeze-thaw effects on daily sediment transport in an Alpine river"
<p>Supporting information for the research article "Freeze-thaw effects on daily sediment transport in an Alpine river" by Skålevåg et al., submitted to Water Resources Research.</p> <p>This data repository contains the processed data, model code, and results presented in the research article. Please refer to the article and its supplementary information for details on primary data.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Contents:</strong></p> <ul> <li>processed data: <ul> <li>Standardised target and predictor variables, in addition to non-standardised data used for freeze-thaw state classification <a href="https://zenodo.org/api/records/13928999/draft/files/model_variables.csv/content" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">model_variables.csv</a></li> <li>Means and standard deviations of standardised variables <a href="https://zenodo.org/api/records/13928999/draft/files/regression_variables_mean_std.csv/content" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">regression_variables_mean_std.csv</a></li> </ul> </li> <li>model code: <ul> <li>final model presented in research article: <a href="https://zenodo.org/api/records/13928999/draft/files/model.py/content" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">model.py</a></li> <li>model comparison performed as part of model development: <a href="https://zenodo.org/api/records/13928999/draft/files/model_comparison_predictors_and_segmentation.html/content" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">model_comparison_predictors_and_segmentation.html</a></li> </ul> </li> <li>results: <ul> <li>final model: <ul> <li>Inference trace from the pymc model <a href="https://zenodo.org/api/records/13928999/draft/files/inference.nc/content" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">inference.nc</a></li> <li>Summary table of the inference trace <a href="https://zenodo.org/api/records/13928999/draft/files/inference_summary.csv/content" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">inference_summary.csv</a></li> <li>Visualisation of the inference trace <a href="https://zenodo.org/api/records/13928999/draft/files/inference_trace.png/content" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">inference_trace.png</a></li> </ul> </li> <li>other models: <ul> <li>non-segmented sediment rating curve: <a href="https://zenodo.org/api/records/13928999/draft/files/inference_SRC.nc/content" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">inference_SRC.nc</a> and <a href="https://zenodo.org/api/records/13928999/draft/files/inference_summary_SRC.csv/content" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">inference_summary_SRC.csv</a></li> <li>non-segmented "pooled" model with all predictors: <a href="https://zenodo.org/api/records/13928999/draft/files/inference_summary_full_nonsegmented.csv/content" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">inference_summary_full_nonsegmented.csv</a></li> <li>freeze-thaw-state-segmented sediment rating curve: <a href="https://zenodo.org/api/records/13928999/draft/files/inference_summary_segm_SRC.csv/content" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">inference_summary_segm_SRC.csv</a></li> <li>freeze-thaw-state-segmented "unpooled" model with all predictors: <a href="https://zenodo.org/api/records/13928999/draft/files/inference_summary_full_unpooled.csv/content" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">inference_summary_full_unpooled.csv</a></li> </ul> </li> <li>model comparison: <ul> <li><a href="https://zenodo.org/api/records/13928999/draft/files/model_comparison_waic.csv/content" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">model_comparison_waic.csv</a></li> <li> <div><a href="https://zenodo.org/api/records/13928999/draft/files/model_comparison_loo.csv/content" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">model_comparison_loo.csv</a></div> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul>
Trace metal, ion, and nutrient concentrations in aeolian samples subjected to experimental freeze-thaw cycles, collected from Taylor Valley, McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica (2013-2016)
This data package contains measurements of trace metal, ion, and nutrient concentrations in aeolian samples collected from several locations throughout Taylor Valley in the McMurdo Dry Valleys of Antarctica during the 2013-2014, 2014-2015, and 2015-2016 austral summers. Samples were collected by the McMurdo Dry Valleys Long Term Ecological Research Program (MCM LTER) using Big Spring Number Eight (BSNE) isokinetic wind samplers located at Explorer’s Cove, Lake Fryxell at F6, East Lake Bonney, and Taylor Glacier. Samples were then subjected to experimental freeze-thaw cycles in a controlled laboratory setting to simulate supraglacial weathering processes and then analyzed to understand how freeze-thaw cycles affect nutrient, ion, and trace metal concentrations over time.
Freeze-thaw microcosm experiment data 2021
Warmer winters with less snowfall are increasing the frequency of soil freeze-thaw cycles across temperate regions. Soil microbial responses to freeze-thaw cycles vary and some of this variation may be explained by microbial conditioning to prior winter conditions, yet such linkages remain largely unexplored. We investigated how differences in temperature history influenced microbial community composition and activity in response to freeze-thaw cycles. We collected soil microbial communities that developed under colder (high elevation) and warmer (low elevation) temperature regimes in spruce-fir forests, then added each of these soil microbial communities to a sterile bulk-soil in a laboratory microcosm experiment. The inoculated high-elevation cold and low-elevation warm microcosms were subjected to diurnal freeze-thaw cycles or constant above-freezing temperature for 9 days. Then, all microcosms were subjected to a 7-day above-freezing recovery period. Overall, we found that the high-elevation cold community had, relative to the low-elevation warm community, a smaller reduction in microbial respiration (CO2 flux) during freeze-thaw cycles. Further, the high-elevation cold community, on average, experienced lower freeze-thaw-induced bacterial mortality than the warm community and may have partly acclimated to freeze-thaw cycles via increased lipid membrane fluidity. Respiration of both microbial communities quickly recovered following the end of the freeze-thaw treatment period and there were no changes in soil extractable carbon or nitrogen. Our results provide evidence that past soil temperature conditions may influence the responses of soil microbial communities to freeze-thaw cycles. The microbial community that developed under a colder temperature regime was more tolerant of freeze-thaw cycles than the community that developed under a warmer temperature regime, although both communities displayed some level of resilience. Taken together, our data suggest that
Data from: Decoupled responses of soil bacteria and their invertebrate consumer to warming, but not freeze-thaw cycles, in the Antarctic Dry Valleys
Altered temperature profiles resulting in increased warming and freeze–thaw cycle (FTC) frequency pose great ecological challenges to organisms in alpine and polar ecosystems. We performed a laboratory microcosm experiment to investigate how temperature variability affects soil bacterial cell numbers, and abundance and traits of soil microfauna (the microbivorous nematode Scottnema lindsayae) from McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica. FTCs and constant freezing shifted nematode body size distribution towards large individuals, driven by higher mortality among smaller individuals. FTCs reduced both bacterial and nematode abundance, but bacterial cell numbers also declined under warming, demonstrating decoupled consumer–prey responses. We predict that higher occurrence of FTCs in cold ecosystems will select for large body size within soil microinvertebrates and overall reduce their abundance. In contrast, warm temperatures without FTCs could lead to divergent responses in soil bacteria and their microinvertebrate consumers, potentially affecting energy and nutrient transfer rates in soil food webs of cold ecosystems.
Indicative distribution map for Ecosystem Functional Group F1.3 Freeze-thaw rivers and streams
<p>This archive contains indicative distribution maps and profiles for <strong>F1.3 Freeze-thaw rivers and streams</strong>, a ecosystem functional group (EFG, level 3) of the <a href="https://global-ecosystems.org/">IUCN Global Ecosystem Typology</a> (v2.0). Please refer to Keith <em>et al.</em> (2020) for details.</p> <p>The descriptive profiles provide brief summaries of key ecological traits and processes, maps are indicative of global distribution patterns, and are not intended to represent fine-scale patterns. The maps show areas of the world containing major (value of 1, coloured red) or minor occurrences (value of 2, coloured yellow) of each ecosystem functional group. Minor occurrences are areas where an ecosystem functional group is scattered in patches within matrices of other ecosystem functional groups or where they occur in substantial areas, but only within a segment of a larger region. Given bounds of resolution and accuracy of source data, the maps should be used to query which EFG are likely to occur within areas, rather than which occur at particular point locations. Detailed methods and references for the maps are included in the profile (xml format).</p>
Dataset for: Phosphorus mobilization from intact soil monoliths flooded under simulated summer versus spring snowmelt with intermittent freeze-thaw conditions
<p>Enhanced phosphorus (P) release from flooded, anaerobic soils have been extensively studied under summer temperatures, but not under cold temperatures with intermittent freeze-thaw events. We investigated the temperature and freeze/ thaw effects during flooding on the release of P to floodwater from soil monoliths (15-cm depth) collected from eight agricultural fields in Manitoba. Soil monoliths were flooded with reverse osmosis water and incubated for 56 d under simulated summer flooding (SSF, 22±1 ℃), or snowmelt flooding with intermittent freeze thaw (IFT, 4±1 ℃ with intermittent freezing) in triplicates. Redox potential (Eh), pore water and floodwater dissolved reactive P (DRP) concentrations, pH and concentrations of Ca, Mg, Fe and Mn were determined weekly. In seven soils, Eh decreased rapidly with days after flooding (DAF) under SSF to values < 200 mV, but not under IFT. Pore water and floodwater DRP concentrations significantly increased with DAF in all soils under SSF, and in seven soils under IFT. While DRP concentrations were consistently greater under SSF than IFT in four soils, other soils had similar concentrations at certain DAFs. Significant relationships between ion concentrations and redox status , that fitted both IFT and SSF data in most soils, suggests that similar redox-driven mechanisms are responsible for the P release; however, less P is released under IFT than SSF, since soils were not severely reduced under IFT. Substantial P release in a few soils under IFT, appeared to be unrelated to redox status, suggesting other P release mechanisms that are not redox driven.</p>
Transient Freeze-Thaw Responses to the 2018 and 2019 Fires near Batagaika Megaslump, Northeast Siberia
<p>This repository contains the dataset for the Transient Freeze-Thaw Responses to the 2018 and 2019 Fires near Batagaika Megaslump, Northeast Siberia. All files are formatted as CSV. </p> <p>TD_Burn14_site1.csv contains thaw depth data at the site1 in the 2014 fire scar. </p> <p>TD_Burn14_site2.csv contains thaw depth data at the site2 in the 2014 fire scar.</p> <p>TD_Burn18.csv contains thaw depth data in the 2018 fire scar.</p> <p>TD_Unburn-Burn19.csv contains thaw depth data along the transect across the 2019 fire scar and unburned control site.</p> <p>TD_Unburn18.csv contains thaw depth data in the unburned control site for the 2018 fire scar.</p> <p>Temperature_TidbiT_190924-210916.csv contains hourly air and surface temperature data from 24 September 2019 to 16 September 2016. All data were taken by the TidbiT logger. </p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
Impact of Freeze-thaw Cycles on Coatings Applied to the Surface of Alkali-activated Materials
<p><span>This paper focuses on the possibility of applying selected types of coatings (synthetic and epoxy) on the surface of alkali-activated materials based on finely ground granulated blast furnace slag with an admixture of cement by-pass dust and silica fly ash. Admixtures represent 30% of the binder component (15% fly ash, 15% cement by-pass dust). The mixture is activated with anhydrous disodium metasilicate. The samples were categorized into two series samples stored in water and samples wrapped in foil. Following this, the surface of these two series was modified by two methods, namely brushing with a steel brush and roughening with a diamond wheel. The properties related to the adhesion of the coating to the surface were mainly investigated before and after 100 freeze-thaw cycles. The cross-cut method and pull-off test for adhesion determined the adhesion. The cross-cut test found that the synthetic coating was less susceptible to surface modification than the epoxy coating. The samples were exposed to 100 freeze-thaw cycles. Then, the cross-cut method was applied to the coated roughened surface and the results of this test were classified into category 3. During the determination of the adhesion of the coatings by the pull-off test on the roughened surface for both methods of sample storage, the character of breakage for the synthetic coating was of the cohesive type, thus it was the tensile strength of the materials, while for the epoxy coating, it was the adhesive breakage, thus it was the adhesion between the surface and the coating.</span></p>
Data set for the article "One-time freeze-thawing or carbon input events have long-term legacies in soil microbial communities"
<p>The following are data and code used for statistical analysis and figure plotting in the manuscript</p> <p>Gorka et al. (2023) "One-time freeze-thawing or carbon input events have long-term legacies in soil microbial communities", Geoderma, <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2023.116399">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2023.116399</a></p> <p>It contains the following files:</p> <ol> <li>Microbial PLFA and NLFA analysis files (contained in <em>Fatty_acid_analysis.zip</em>) <ul> <li>PLFA and NLFA abundance data, in nmol C g<sup>-1</sup> dw (in <em>fatty_acid_data.csv</em>)</li> <li>Taxonomic specificities of fatty acids, needed for R-script to run (in <em>phylum.csv</em>)</li> <li>An R Script reproducing the statistical analysis, figure plotting and output for tables, as used in the manuscript (<em>Fatty_acid_analysis.R</em>)</li> </ul> </li> <li>Soil C and N stoichiometry analysis files (contained in <em>TOC_TN_analysis.zip</em>) <ul> <li>Dissolved organic C (DOC), total dissolved N (TN), and C and N in microbial biomass (Cmic, Nmic) abundance data, in mg g<sup>-1</sup> dw (in <em>toc_tn_data.csv</em>)</li> <li>An R Script reproducing the statistical analysis, figure plotting and output for tables, as used in the manuscript (<em>TOC_TN_analysis.R</em>)</li> </ul> </li> </ol>
Dataset for the Figure 2 in manuscript "Numerical study of coupled water and vapour flow, heat transfer, and solute transport in variably-saturated deformable soil during freeze-thaw cycles"
<p>This dataset includes the gathered experimental measurements of a freezing test by Wu (2017) for the model's verification shown in Figure 2 of the manuscript entitled 'Numerical study of coupled water and vapour flow, heat transfer, and solute transport in variably-saturated deformable soil during freeze-thaw cycles'' by Huang, X., and Rudolph, D.L.</p>
Dataset for: Phosphorus mobilization from intact soil monoliths flooded under simulated summer versus spring snowmelt with intermittent freeze-thaw conditions
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Decoupled responses of soil bacteria and their invertebrate consumer to warming, but not freeze-thaw cycles, in the Antarctic Dry Valleys
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Repeated freeze-thaw cycles increase extractable, but not total, carbon and nitrogen in a Maine coniferous soil
This dataset contains processed data for the publication Patel et al. 2021. "Repeated freeze-thaw cycles increase extractable, but not total, carbon and nitrogen in a Maine coniferous soil". Geoderma. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2021.115353. Northeastern North America has been experiencing warmer winters with reduced snow accumulation, with more frequent winter freeze-thaw cycles. We conducted a laboratory experiment to investigate how increased frequency of freeze-thaw cycles (FTC) would alter soil C and N availability. Organic (O) and mineral (B) horizon soils were collected from a coniferous forest in Maine, processed to exclude roots, and then frozen in the laboratory (-10 °C) with one (FTC-1), two (FTC-2), or six (FTC-6) thaw periods (+5 °C). Soils were analyzed for extractable ammonium (NH4-N), water extractable organic carbon (WEOC), carbon dioxide flux (respiration), and total C and N. Extractable NH4-N increased following FTC (all levels), for both horizons. While WEOC concentrations did not change for FTC vs. control, the WEOC in O horizons had a lower SUVA254 in FTC soils compared to control, indicating a stronger microbial influence (i.e., microbial cell lysis) in these soils after FTC. Respiration in O horizon soils decreased post-incubation and did not differ between FTC and Control soils. In the B horizon, however, FTC soils showed greater respiration than Control soils, suggesting that the newly available nutrients may have stimulated microbial activity. In contrast to these results, total C and N remained unaltered by FTC, presumably because the FTC disturbances represented mostly a translocation of C and N from one pool into another, and losses due to respiration were too small to significantly influence the large TC and TN pools. The effect of FTC on NH4-N did not change with FTC frequency, suggesting that a single FTC is sufficient to alter both C and N availability and/or quality, and that additional FTC may not have a significant further
Data used in "Evaluation of topography and vegetation coverage impacts on watershed-scale active layer freeze-thaw processes with a simple algorithm in permafrost region on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau"
<p>This is the data used in the manuscript "Evaluation of topography and vegetation coverage impacts on watershed-scale active layer freeze-thaw processes with a simple algorithm in permafrost region on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau" (JGR earth surface 2020JF005564 ).</p>
Thermal adaptations to extreme freeze-thaw cycles in the high tropical Andes
<p>Temperature plays a key role in the biology of ectotherms, including anurans, which are found at higher elevations in the tropics than anywhere in the temperate zone. High-elevation tropical environments are characterized by extreme daily thermal fluctuation including high daily maxima and nightly freezing. Our study investigated the contrasting operative temperatures of the anurans <i>Telmatobius marmoratus </i>and<i> Pleurodema marmoratum</i> in different environmental contexts at the same elevation and biome above 5200 meters. <i>Telmatobius marmoratus</i> avoids extremes of daily temperature fluctuation by utilizing thermally buffered aquatic habitat at all life stages, with minimal operative temperature variation (range: 4.6–8.0°C).<i> Pleurodema marmoratum</i>, in contrast, experienced operative temperatures from -3.5 to 44°C and has one of the widest thermal breadths reported for any tropical frog, from >32°C (critical thermal maximum) to surviving freezing periods of 1 hr and 6 hr down to -3.0°C. Our findings expand experimental evidence of frost tolerance in amphibians to the widespread Neotropical family Leptodactylidae, the first such evidence of frost tolerance in a tropical amphibian. Our study identifies three strategies (wide thermal tolerance breadth, use of buffered microhabitats, and behavioral thermoregulation), which allow these tropical frogs to withstand the current wide daily thermal fluctuation above 5000 masl and which may help them adapt to future climatic changes.</p>
Metabolic cost of freeze-thaw and source of CO2 production in the freeze-tolerant cricket Gryllus veletis
<p>Freeze-tolerant insects can survive the conversion of a substantial portion of their body water to ice. While the process of freezing induces active responses from some organisms, these responses appear absent from freeze-tolerant insects. Recovery from freezing likely requires energy expenditure to repair tissues and re-establish homeostasis, which should be evident as elevations in metabolic rate after thaw. We measured carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) production in the spring field cricket (<i>Gryllus veletis</i>) as a proxy for metabolic rate during cooling, freezing and thawing and compared the metabolic costs associated with recovery from freezing and chilling. We hypothesized that freezing does not induce active responses, but that recovery from freeze-thaw is metabolically costly. We observed a burst of CO<sub>2</sub>release at the onset of freezing in all crickets that froze, including those killed by either cyanide or an insecticide (thiacloprid), implying that the source of this CO<sub>2</sub>was neither aerobic metabolism or a coordinated nervous system response. These results suggest that freezing does not induce active responses from <i>G. veletis</i>, but may liberate buffered CO<sub>2 </sub>from hemolymph. There was a transient 'overshoot' in CO<sub>2</sub>release during the first hour of recovery, and elevated metabolic rates at 24, 48 and 72 hours, in crickets that had been frozen compared to crickets that had been chilled (but not frozen). Thus, recovery from freeze-thaw and the repair of freeze-induced damage appears metabolically costly in <i>G. veletis</i>, and this cost persists for several days after thawing. </p>
Data supporting "Freeze-thaw migration behavior of scree deposits in the cold regions"
<p>All data used in the study to support this research is available on repository via 10.5281/zenodo.12542438</p>
Quantitatively Monitoring of Seasonal Frozen Ground Freeze-thaw Cycle Using Ambient Seismic Noise Data
<p>This is the electronic supplemental data for the publication entitled </p> <p>"<strong>Quantitatively Monitoring of Seasonal Frozen Ground Freeze-thaw Cycle Using Ambient Seismic Noise Data</strong>"</p> <p>submitted to <strong>Seismological Research Letters (SRL)</strong>. </p> <p>The names of the compressed files represent the experiment number and station number. For example, "1_2" indicates data collected from the second station during the first experiment. Each compressed file contains seismic raw data in the ".SAC" format. The filenames include the UTC end time of data collection. For instance, "453003616.00000001.2021.10.20.06.40.22.000.z.sac" indicates that data collection ended at 06:40:22 on October 20, 2021. Each complete .sac file contains 4 days of data with a sampling interval of 0.002 seconds.</p>
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