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33 results for “Fungus-growing ants”
Figure 10 in A checklist of the non-leaf-cutting fungus-growing ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) from Colombia, with new biogeographic records
Figure 10. Paratrachymyrmex species encountered in Colombia. A, B. Paratrachymyrmex diversus, CASENT0901693. C, D. Paratrachymyrmex irmgardae, CASENT0909392. E, F. Paratrachymyrmex phaleratus, D. Mera-Rodríguez. Photographs taken by W. Erichson and obtained from the Antweb database (http://www.antweb.org).
Figure 9 in A checklist of the non-leaf-cutting fungus-growing ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) from Colombia, with new biogeographic records
Figure 9. Mycetomoellerius and Paratrachymyrmex species encountered in Colombia. A, B. Mycetomoellerius jamaicensis, CASENT0919971/ M. Esposito. C, D. Mycetomoellerius urichii, CASENT0904990/ W. Ericson. E, F. Paratrachymyrmex bugnioni, CASENT0919968/ M. Esposito. G, H. Paratrachymyrmex cornetzi, CASENT0909389/ W. Ericson. Photographs obtained from the Antweb database (http://www.antweb.org).
Figure 3 in A checklist of the non-leaf-cutting fungus-growing ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) from Colombia, with new biogeographic records
Figure 3. Apterostigma species encountered in Colombia. A, B. Apterostigma chocoense, CASENT0922037. C, D. Apterostigma collare, CASENT0922041. E, F. Apterostigmadentigerum, CASENT0922039. G, H. Apterostigma goniodes, CASENT0922040. Photographs taken by M. Esposito obtained from the Antweb database (http://www.antweb.org).
Figure 5 in A checklist of the non-leaf-cutting fungus-growing ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) from Colombia, with new biogeographic records
Figure 5. Apterostigma and Cyphomyrmex species encountered in Colombia. A, B. Apterostigma reburrum, CASENT0901686/ R. Perry. C, D. Apterostigma robustum, CASENT0904977/ Z. Lieberman. E, F. Apterostigma pilosum complex, CASENT0603533/ A. Nobile. G, H. Cyphomyrmex cornutus, CASENT0923103/ W. Lee. Photographs obtained from the Antweb database (http://www.antweb.org).
Linked collectors and determiners for: Revision of the fungus-growing ant genera Mycetophylax Emery and Paramycetophylax Kusnezov rev. stat., and description of Kalathomyrmex n. gen. (Formicidae: Myrmicinae: Attini).
Natural history specimen data linked to collectors and determiners held within, "Revision of the fungus-growing ant genera Mycetophylax Emery and Paramycetophylax Kusnezov rev. stat., and description of Kalathomyrmex n. gen. (Formicidae: Myrmicinae: Attini)". Claims or attributions were made on Bionomia by volunteer Scribes, <a href="https://bionomia.net/dataset/35fdaf19-2e1a-469d-971b-f4942d0b7a64">https://bionomia.net/dataset/35fdaf19-2e1a-469d-971b-f4942d0b7a64</a> using specimen data from the dataset aggregated by the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, <a href="https://gbif.org/dataset/35fdaf19-2e1a-469d-971b-f4942d0b7a64">https://gbif.org/dataset/35fdaf19-2e1a-469d-971b-f4942d0b7a64</a>. Formatted as a Frictionless Data package.
Data from: Horizontal partner exchange does not preclude stable mutualism in fungus-growing ants
Vertical symbiont transmission tends to stabilize mutualisms by aligning the reproductive interests of cooperating species. The attine ants conform well to this principle, because all species are nutritionally dependent on vertically transmitted and clonally propagated fungal cultivars. Multiple mechanisms expressed by both partners constrain cultivar transmission between established colonies, but these appear not to preclude horizontal transfer during colony founding, consistent with multiple phylogenetic analyses indicating at least occasional horizontal transfer. The ecological and evolutionary impact of transfers is unknown because, although they can be induced in laboratory experiments, they remain undocumented in natural colonies. In a large-scale field study, we manipulated clusters of newly founded nests and their still portable gardens in two sympatric species of Acromyrmex leaf-cutting ants. This created mosaics of intact nests, queens without a cultivar, and cultivars without a tending queen. We tracked the movements of queens and cultivars through direct observation and microsatellite analysis, respectively. This showed that horizontal acquisition of incipient gardens is surprisingly common, because queens actively searched for replacement cultivars and often adopted orphaned gardens. However, these horizontal cultivar exchanges are unlikely to destabilize obligate farming mutualisms when they are restricted to the founding stage, as colonies eventually commit to a single cultivar clone, irreversibly aligning the partners' fitness interests before colonies reproduce.
FIGURE 6 in Revision of the fungus-growing ant genera Mycetophylax Emery and Paramycetophylax Kusnezov rev. stat., and description of Kalathomyrmex n. gen. (Formicidae: Myrmicinae: Attini)
FIGURE 6. SEM images: a, b) Mycetophylax. conformis, gyne and male from Brasil, Rio de Janeiro, Maricá, Barra da Maricá, mesosoma in dorsal view; c, d) M. morschi, gyne and male from Brasil, Santa Catarina: Florianópolis, Praia da Joaquina, mesosoma in dorsal view, e, f) M. simplex, gyne and male from Brasil, Santa Catarina: Florianópolis, Praia da Joaquina, mesosoma in dorsal view; g) M. morschi, worker from Brasil, Santa Catarina: Florianópolis, Praia da Joaquina, head in frontal view, note single seta coming out of each pore; h) Kalathomyrmex emeryi, worker from Brasil: Amazonas: Manaus, Praia de Tupé (Rio Negro), anterior portion of head; i) K. emeryi, male from Brasil, Piaui: Canto do Buriti, saw-like mandibular teeth.
FIGURE 5 in Revision of the fungus-growing ant genera Mycetophylax Emery and Paramycetophylax Kusnezov rev. stat., and description of Kalathomyrmex n. gen. (Formicidae: Myrmicinae: Attini)
FIGURE 5. AutoMontage© images of Paramycetophylax bruchi from Argentina: Tucumán, El Bañado, Valle Santa Maria: a, b, g) worker in lateral, dorsal and frontal view; c, d, h) gyne in lateral, dorsal and frontal view; e, f, i) male in lateral, dorsal and frontal view.
FIGURE 3 in Revision of the fungus-growing ant genera Mycetophylax Emery and Paramycetophylax Kusnezov rev. stat., and description of Kalathomyrmex n. gen. (Formicidae: Myrmicinae: Attini)
FIGURE 3. AutoMontage© images of Mycetophylax simplex from BrasɨI˒ sanɭa ⊂aɭarɨna﹕ ΓIοrɨanόpοIɨs˒ Praɨa đa Iοaquɨna: a, b, g) worker in lateral, dorsal and frontal view; c, d, h) gyne in lateral, dorsal and frontal view; e, f, i) male in lateral, dorsal and frontal view.
FIGURE 1 in Revision of the fungus-growing ant genera Mycetophylax Emery and Paramycetophylax Kusnezov rev. stat., and description of Kalathomyrmex n. gen. (Formicidae: Myrmicinae: Attini)
FIGURE 1. AutoMontage© images of Mycetophylax conformis from Brasil, Rio de Janeiro, Cabo Frio, Praia das Dunas: a, b, g) worker in lateral, dorsal and frontal view; c, d, h) gyne in lateral, dorsal and frontal view; e, f, i) male in lateral, dorsal and frontal view.
FIGURE 4 in Revision of the fungus-growing ant genera Mycetophylax Emery and Paramycetophylax Kusnezov rev. stat., and description of Kalathomyrmex n. gen. (Formicidae: Myrmicinae: Attini)
FIGURE 4. AutoMontage© images of Kalathomyrmex emeryi: a, b, g) worker from Peru, Huánuco ("Panguana"), Rio Yuyapidris in lateral, dorsal and frontal view; c, d, h) gyne from Argentina, Chaco Province, Chaco National Park in lateral, dorsal and frontal view; e, f, i) male (same locality as gyne) in lateral, dorsal and frontal view.
FIGURE 7 in Revision of the fungus-growing ant genera Mycetophylax Emery and Paramycetophylax Kusnezov rev. stat., and description of Kalathomyrmex n. gen. (Formicidae: Myrmicinae: Attini)
FIGURE 7. Distribution maps of the species a) Mycetophylax, with a detailed map of the distribution of M. morschi and M. simplex at the isle of Florianopolis b) Kalathomyrmex and c) Paramycetophylax.
FIGURE 2 in Revision of the fungus-growing ant genera Mycetophylax Emery and Paramycetophylax Kusnezov rev. stat., and description of Kalathomyrmex n. gen. (Formicidae: Myrmicinae: Attini)
FIGURE 2. AutoMontage© images of Mycetophylax morschi from Brasil, Santa Catarina: Florianópolis, Pântano do Sul: a, b, g) worker in lateral, dorsal and frontal view; c, d, h) gyne in lateral, dorsal and frontal view; e, f, i) male in lateral, dorsal and frontal view.
Disease management in two sympatric Apterostigma fungus-growing ants for control the parasitic fungus Escovopsis
<p>Antagonistic interactions between host and parasites are often embedded in networks of interacting species, in which hosts may be attacked by competing parasites species, and parasites may infect more than one host species. To better understand the evolution of host defenses and parasite counter defenses in the context of a multihost, multiparasite system, we studied two sympatric species, of congeneric fungus-growing ants (Attini) species and their symbiotic fungal cultivars, which are attacked by multiple morphotypes of parasitic fungi in the genus, <i>Escovopsis</i>. To assess whether closely-related ant species and their cultured fungi are evolving defenses against the same or different parasitic strains, we characterized <i>Escovopsis </i>that were isolated from colonies of sympatric <i>Apterostigma dentigerum</i> and <i>A</i>. <i>pilosum. </i>We assessed <i>in vitro </i>and <i>in vivo</i> interactions of these parasites with their hosts. While the ant cultivars are parasitized by similar <i>Escovopsis</i> spp., the frequency of infection by these pathogens differs between the two ant species. The ability of the host fungi to suppress <i>Escovopsis</i> growth, as well as ant defensive responses towards the parasites, differ depending on the parasite strain and on the host ant species.</p>
FIGURE 2 in Male genitalia of the fungus-growing ants Mycocepurus goeldii (Forel, 1893) and Mycocepurus smithii (Forel, 1893) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Myrmicinae)
FIGURE 2. Genitalia and forewings of Mycocepurus Forel, 1893 males. A, forewing of M. goeldii (ANTWEB1047309); B, forewing of M. smithii (ANTWEB10473442); C, M. goeldii genital capsule in ventral view (ANTWEB1047309); D, M. goeldii genital capsule in lateral view (ANTWEB1047309); E, M. smithii genital capsule in ventral view (ANTWEB1047343); F, M. smithii genital capsule in lateral view (ANTWEB1047343); G, penisvalve of M. goeldii (ANTWEB1047309); H, penisvalve of M. smithii (ANTWEB1047333); I, illustration of the penisvalve of M. obsoletus (based on the original drawing by Kempf, 1963); J, M. goeldii volsella (ANTWEB1047309); K, M. smithii volsella (ANTWEB1047333). Scale bar absent in I, as it was not available from the original drawing. In the penisvalves, black arrows indicate the ventral denticles of the valviceps; red arrows indicate the apex of valviceps; and white arrows indicate a dorsomedial extension of the valviceps. Abbreviations: Bs, basimere; Bsl, basal cell; C+s, costal+subcostal cell; Cu, cupula; Ds, digitus; M1+2, marginal 1+2 cell; Pt, pterostigma; S-m, submarginal cell; Te, telomere; Vc, valviceps; wings veins: cu-a, cubitus-anal.
FIGURE 1 in Male genitalia of the fungus-growing ants Mycocepurus goeldii (Forel, 1893) and Mycocepurus smithii (Forel, 1893) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Myrmicinae)
FIGURE 1. The male of Mycocepurus goeldii (ANTWEB1047309) and Mycocepurus smithii (ANTWEB1047342). A–C, M. goeldii male in: full face-view, profile view focus on the mesosoma, dorsal view focus on the mesonotum, respectively. D–F, M. smithii male in: full face-view, profile view focus on the mesosoma, dorsal view focus on the mesonotum, respectively. Abbreviations: Ce, compound eye; Clp, clypeus; FrC, frontal carina; FrL, frontal lobe; Lmspl, lower mesopleuron; Lmtpl, lower metapleuron; Lo, lateral ocellus; Md, mandible; Mo, median ocellus; Msnt, mesonotum; Mssctld, mesoscutellar disc; Mssctm, mesoscutum; Not, notauli; Pe, Petiole; Pl, parapsidal line; Ppd, propodeum; Prnt, pronotum; Scp, antennal scape; Sss, scutoscutellar sulcus; Umspl, upper mesopleuron; Umtpl, upper metapleuron.
Data from: Horizontal partner exchange does not preclude stable mutualism in fungus-growing ants
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Data from: Specificity in the symbiotic association between fungus-growing ants and protective Pseudonocardia bacteria
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Disease management in two sympatric Apterostigma fungus-growing ants for control the parasitic fungus Escovopsis
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Figure 8 in A checklist of the non-leaf-cutting fungus-growing ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) from Colombia, with new biogeographic records
Figure 8. Sericomyrmex species encountered in Colombia. A, B. Sericomyrmex amabilis, CASENT0922156/ M. Esposito. C, D. Sericomyrmex bondari, USNMENT01125823/ A. Ješovnik. E, F. Sericomyrmex mayri, CASENT0909370/ W. Ericson. G, H. Sericomyrmex saussurei, USN- MENT00445513/ W. Ericson. Photographs obtained from the Antweb database (http://www.antweb.org).
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