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19 results for “GEOLAB”
GEOLAB Blind Prediction Contest - Supporting Documentation
<p>As part of the <a href="https://project-geolab.eu/">GEOLAB project</a>, the Institute of Geotechnics of TU Darmstadt called geotechnical engineers from industry and academia to participate in an international Blind Prediction Contest (BPC) on the response of piles under monotonic and cyclic lateral loading. Two separate tests were performed on a hollow open-ended steel pile embedded in dry sand. One test under monotonic loading and the other under quasi-static harmonic loading with more than 10,000 loading cycles.</p> <p>Contestant teams were allowed to submit predictions for both tests or for the monotonic test only. The predictions were objectively marked based on their discrepancy with the experimental values. The teams with the higher score in the prediction of each test were publicly announced. The rest of the submitted predictions will be anonymised and used for assessing the state of the art and the state of practice by the organiser committee.</p> <p>This dataset includes the supporting documentation provided to the participants. </p>
GEOLAB-PEBSTER-Deltares: Small-scale experiments on Piled Embankments with Basal Steel Mesh Reinforcement - Measurements.
<p><strong>DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.12627309</strong></p> <h1><strong>Small-scale experiments on basal steel-mesh reinforced piled embankments (PEBSTER, a transnational access project of GEOLAB)</strong></h1> <p>Welcome to the GEOLAB-PEBSTER-Deltares project on Zenodo! This repository contains the measurement data from four small-scale experiments on Piled Embankments with Basal Steel Reinforcement (PEBSTER). Pile-supported (PS) embankments with basal geosynthetic reinforcement (GR) are commonly built in soft soil areas (van Eekelen and Han, 2020). Steel mesh reinforcement (SR) is particularly appealing for high embankments (Topolnicki et al., 2019). Its high axial stiffness, compared to geosynthetics, reduces horizontal deformation at the embankment base, minimizes bending moments in the piles, and ultimately enhances embankment stability.</p> <h2>PEBSTER</h2> <p>This dataset includes measurements from four small-scale tests on steel-reinforced piled embankments, conducted in the Deltares laboratory (van Eekelen et al., 2024a,b). These tests are part of a broader research initiative called Piled Embankments with Basal Steel Reinforcement (PEBSTER), which also includes a large-scale test (Schneider et al., 2024a,b). The small-scale tests were conducted at Deltares, Delft, Netherlands, while the large-scale test was conducted in Darmstadt, Germany, at the Institute of Geotechnics, Technical University of Darmstadt.</p> <h2>GEOLAB</h2> <p>GEOLAB is a project of the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under Grant Agreement No. 101006512, addressing Europe's Critical Infrastructure (CI) challenges in the water, energy, urban, and transport sectors.</p> <p>The GEOLAB Research Infrastructure (RI) consists of 11 unique installations across Europe to study subsurface behavior and its interaction with structural CI elements and the environment. During the GEOLAB Transnational Access (TA), users outside the consortium gained access to the GEOLAB installations to perform research and innovation.</p> <h2>Dataset of four small-scale experiments</h2> <p>Here, we share the measurement data from the small-scale experiments that were part of one of the GEOLAB TA projects: PEBSTER. Four piles (diameter 0.1 m, centre to centre 0.55m) passed through a steel plate, that supported a foam cushion, that was sealed and soaked. A tap allowed for drainage of the foam cushion, simulating the consolidation of the subsoil between the piles. The 0.55 m high embankment consisted of medium coarse sand, and was reinforced at its base with a steel mesh reinforcement. A surcharge load up to 100 kPa was applied with a water cushion.<br><br><span>The load distribution is measured by pressure cells and load transducers. </span>Soil strains and displacements were monitored at five elevations within the fill, utilizing distributed fibre optic sensing (DFOS) technology from the Nerve-Sensors family, as depicted in Figure 2. Additionally, the steel mesh reinforcement was extensively instrumented with optic fibres.</p> <h2>PEBSTER Research group</h2> <p>The project was conducted by a research group that includes Deltares, Netherlands, the Institute of Geotechnics of the Technical University of Darmstadt, Germany, Keller (Germany, France, Poland), SHM System, Poland, and FOLAB, Germany.</p> <p> </p>
GEOLAB - Transnational Access project QC-CEM - Mapping quick clay with geophysical methods
<p>Quick clay is characterised by complete collapse and liquid-like mobility when overloaded. Quick clay is found primarily in Norway and Sweden, but also exists in Finland, Russia, Canada and Alaska. Quick clay landslides, with their retrogression characteristics and extreme mobility, pose significant risk to human lives, infrastructure, property and surrounding ecosystems. Hence, the proper characterization of quick clay sites is essential for ensuring the safety and resilience of infrastructure in Norway and elsewhere in Europe.<br> The current practice for mapping quick clay in Norway relies heavily on borehole data with either rotary sounding or total sounding and core samples tested in the laboratory. The only method for identifying quick clay with certainty is physical testing in the laboratory, but it is time-consuming, expensive and gives limited information, i.e., only at the depths and locations where the samples are taken. In Norway, rotary sounding and total soundings are frequently used in mapping of quick clay. There is increasing interest in using geophysical methods such as Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) to supplement the results from soundings, particularly in early stage of ground investigation for mapping of quick clay. ERT is a near surface geophysical method that uses direct current to measure the earth's electrical resistivity. The current is injected into the subsurface through steel electrodes installed 10-20 cm into the ground, and the apparent resistivity distribution along a profile or area is measured. Using data processing and inverse modelling a 2D or 3D resistivity model of the subsurface can be derived.<br> Geophysical methods such as ERT show capability to identify not quick clay such as sand, silt, dry crust, moraine and bed rock reasonably accurate, but the identification of quick clay is still generally limited. The detection of leached clay (thus potentially quick clay) is however possible.<br> Transnational Access project QC-CEM is funded through the 1st call for proposal for the GEOLAB project. This project aims at testing various geophysical methods for their capability for soil characterisation, particularly for detecting quick clay.</p> <p>The objectives of the QC-CEM project are:<br> (i) to test different configurations of Electrical Resistivity Tomography survey for detection of quick clay<br> (ii) to test innovative and efficient electromagnetic based methods for mapping of quick clay. Results from this investigation is not available to share at this stage.<br> (iii) to investigation the effectiveness of cross-interpretation using different geophysical methods for soil characterisation. The results from this activity will be published in open publication after they are processed.</p>
GEOLAB-InstaLatPile-Deltares: Small-scale experiments on Influence of installation effects on the performance of laterally loaded pile groups
<h2>InstaLatPile</h2> <p>This dataset includes measurements from six small-scale tests on a 3x3 pile group with fixed-headed conditions, conducted in the Deltares laboratory. The aim of the test program is to quantify the impact of the pile group installation effects on the performance of laterally loaded groups. Therefore, two types of piles were modelled, replacement piles and displacement piles.</p>
GEOLAB - Transnational Access project SHARP - Soil Heterogeneity for soil Amelioration in Road Projects
<p><span>The SHARP - Soil Heterogeneity for soil Amelioration in Road Projects experiment proposes a novel approach to subgrade improvement: the strategic placement of gravel or other recycled aggregates in a layered configuration. This methodology aims to achieve a sufficient enhancement of the subgrade's mechanical properties, potentially eliminating the need for more resource-intensive and environmentally impactful techniques. The current research phase focuses on the evaluation of performance improvement in silt through the introduction of gravel layers via large-scale triaxial testing. Numerical simulations have already yielded promising results, highlighting the potential of this approach. However, the inherent size disparity between gravel and silt particles necessitates the use of large-scale testing equipment to accurately capture their composite behavior and avoid scale issues. Conventional triaxial equipment, typically limited to 10 cm diameter specimens, is inadequate for this purpose. The utilization of a large-scale triaxial apparatus facilitates the acquisition of reliable data directly applicable to real-world road and railway construction practices.</span></p> <p><span>The traditional Terzaghi method for analyzing consolidation (settling) in soils is not accurate for layered soils with different compressibility characteristics. This is a well-established fact (Schiffman & Stein, 1970; Lee et al., 1992). Previous research (Huang & Griffiths, 2010) has also shown that using the Terzaghi method for layered soils in finite element modeling can lead to inaccurate results due to issues with flow continuity at the interfaces between layers. This highlights the importance of studying consolidation in layered soils, both for practical reasons (ensuring the proposed solution is viable) and to gain a deeper theoretical understanding (the heterogeneity effect on consolidating silty soil).</span></p> <p><span>While numerical simulations have suggested that adding gravel layers to silty soil can significantly improve slope stability (Bossi et al., 2016), this needs experimental validation. Smaller lab specimens are not suitable due to the size difference between gravel and silt.</span></p> <p><span>The test performed within the SHARP project aimed to investigate the effectiveness of a "patchy" gravel-in-silt mix on volumetric changes and shear strength. This approach aims to be practical for construction crews by allowing the gravel to be spread in lenses within the existing subgrade. This would simplify construction and ensure a minimum level of performance for the improved subgrade.</span></p> <p><span>Ultimately, the goal is to use the data from these tests to assess the validity of using an "average friction angle" approach (Elkateb, 2003) for layered soils, considering the impact of the spatial distribution of the gravel layers. Numerical modeling can help answer these questions, but data for validation are necessary.</span></p>
GEOLAB Project CTP-ISSR: monotonic and cyclic Centrifuge Tests on Piles in sand proving Innovative Solutions to enhance Structural Resilience
<p>The existing structures are facing continuous changes in the loading conditions during their life span. These changes can be caused by weather and geo-hazards events and affect the structural response which is often already weakened by aging.</p> <p>A clear understanding of the interaction between the superstructure, the foundation and the surrounding soil is one of the crucial aspects to deal with to adapt the design and maintenance to enhance the resilience of new and existing Critical Infrastructures (CI) often used way beyond their life expectancy. Besides the loading components already considered in engineering practice, CI endure loads having cyclic nature acting continuously during service life (e.g., wind) which are often disregarded in foundation design and may trigger collapse mechanisms. Indeed, they are usually modelled as equivalent-static actions thus neglecting the accumulation of generalized permanent displacements of piled foundations in terms of settlement, sliding and rotation. This lack in design approach can be attributed to very limited research contributions dealing with cyclic loads. </p> <p>The CTP-ISSR (monotonic and cyclic Centrifuge Tests on Piles in sand proving Innovative Solutions to enhance Structural Resilience) project aims at investigating via centrifuge tests the behaviour of piled foundations under different loading types. Two series of centrifuge experiments on annular shaped pile groups and isolated piles embedded in Hostun sand were carried out at an increased gravity of 50 g in the Turner Beam Centrifuge at Schofield Centre, University of Cambridge. </p> <p>To simulate prototype reinforced concrete piles, model piles, made up of cement and metal wires, were manufactured in laboratory by means of an ad-hoc mould and manual mortar pouring. Such modelling is necessary to replicate the strong dependency of pile cross-sectional moment capacity on the axial force. Piles were installed in an 850 mm steel tub filled with manually poured Hostun sand prepared with a low-to-medium relative density. </p> <p>The first test included 2 single piles ad 2 groups of 8 piles connected by a circular rigid cap clear from the soil. The model foundations were subjected to monotonic vertical loads or vertical eccentric cyclic loads of different amplitudes and frequencies. In a similar fashion, the second test included 3 single piles ad 2 pile groups. In this case, the model foundations were subjected to monotonic vertical or horizontal loads or to cyclic horizontal loads of different amplitudes and frequencies. The response of the foundation system, in terms of loads and displacements, was monitored through loads cells, Linear Variable Differential Transformers (LVDTs) and Micro-Electro-Mechanical-Systems (MEMS). A miniaturized Cone Penetration Test (mini-CPT) was used to characterize the soil before the test execution. The experimental campaign was accomplished in 10 working days (including, among the others, model preparation, execution, data acquisition and dismantle). </p> <p>The results of the experiments will serve as benchmarks for the development of a non-linear macroelement for piled foundation. Adopting this innovative approach allows the strengthening of CI resilience by adapting the traditional design and maintenance to properly consider changing loading conditions in a simple yet reliable manner. </p> <p>Researchers and practitioners will be the beneficiaries of the outcome of this research, expecting the following advantages: <br> - Innovation in design, with the possibility to properly consider cyclic loading;<br> - Improvement in identifying possible failure mechanisms and the required maintenance to enhance reliability and resilience of existing CI.</p>
GEOLAB - Transnational Access project LIWEMAT – Deformation characterisation of LIghtWEight foundation MATerials
<p>Proper use of lightweight materials as construction material for various types of infrastructure brings a lot of advantages to European critical infrastructure related to weight reduction and prevention of progressive heating or freezing of its structural elements.</p> <p>Large-scale Triaxial Apparatus was used to perform the loading tests, which enables the characterization of materials at very small strain ranges with a very high accuracy level of load-displacement control. The apparatus has rigid confining aluminum frames with a height of 3 cm and cross-section of 40 x 40 cm, enabling prismatic specimens with a height of up to 80 cm to be tested.</p> <p>This research aims to determine the characteristics of expanded clay and foamed glass aggregates through laboratory testing, performing cyclic loading for the stiffness and damping evaluation, which would be beneficial parameters for numerical simulations.</p> <p>Testing material</p> <p>The foam glass aggregate has a homogeneous microstructure with approximate uniform shape and sizes. Foam glass aggregate is considered one of the best solid isolation materials with several unique properties. It can be widely used in many applications such as basement walls, foundations, floors and roofs, terrace and garden covers, rooftops, and parking areas.</p> <p>The expanded clay aggregate is round shape with different sizes with small, air-filled cavities, with dark brown, reddish, brown-red or gray colors, which depends on the chemical composition of the expanded clay. The lightweight expanded clay aggregate has bulk density from 250 kg/m<sup>3</sup> to 710 kg/m<sup>3</sup>, mostly dependent on the size of the aggregate.</p> <p> </p>
GEOLAB Transnational Access project RELERT - Risk and reliability study in quick clay
<p>Quick clay is characterised by complete collapse and liquid-like mobility when overloaded. Quick clay is found primarily in Norway and Sweden, but also exists in Finland, Russia, Canada and Alaska. Quick clay landslides, with their retrogression characteristics and extreme mobility, pose significant risk to human lives, infrastructure, property and surrounding ecosystems. Hence, the proper characterization of quick clay sites is essential for ensuring the safety and resilience of infrastructure in Norway and elsewhere in Europe.</p> <p>The current practice for mapping quick clay in Norway relies heavily on borehole data with either rotary sounding or total sounding and core samples tested in the laboratory. The only method for identifying quick clay with certainty is physical testing in the laboratory, but it is time-consuming, expensive and gives limited information, i.e., only at the depths and locations where the sample is taken. In Norway, rotary sounding and total soundings are frequently used in mapping of quick clay. In addition, geophysical methods such as Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) are also occasionally used to supplement the results from soundings, particularly in early stage of ground investigation. Rotary sounding is regarded as the most cost-effective method for detecting potentially quick clay pockets.</p> <p>The accuracy of quick clay mapping by a certain ground investigation method increases with increasing number of boreholes and decreasing distances to the boreholes in the area of interest. The accuracy is also increased with additional data sources such as ERT and/or other geophysical methods. Each rotary sounding, for example, provides information on the potential occurrence of quick clay with high accuracy at its location, but the accuracy decreases with increasing distance from the actual location of the rotary sounding. Current practice of mapping quick clay rarely deals with uncertainties associated with ground investigations quantitatively. The uncertainties arise due to various sources including the interpretation of the rotary sounding, the number of soundings and the distance from the soundings, the equipment itself and the testing procedure. Dealing with uncertainty currently relies heavily on engineering judgement, which is subjective.</p> <p>Transnational Access project RELERT is funded through the 1<sup>st</sup> call for proposal for the GEOLAB project. This project aims at developing models and validated on results from field testing to deal with uncertainty in ground characterisation in quick clay area more quantitatively.</p> <p>The objectives of the RELERT project are:</p> <p>(i) to obtain and process ground investigation data profiles at the Tiller-Flotten quick clay site (i.e. rotary soundings and ERT (electrical resistivity tomography) profiles. Notes: some of the data reported is obtained in earlier field investigation campaign but are processed and reported in this projects.</p> <p>(ii) to build a mathematical model that characterizes the spatial variability of quick clays in Norway and</p> <p>(iii) to develop a methodology for reliability assessment of quick clay sites under retrogressive failure.</p> <p>We employ rotary soundings, soil samples and will use ERT-results in further study to learn the parameters of a hierarchical random field model, recently proposed by the user group for modelling the inherent spatial variability of material properties. The parameters of the model is learned by application of Bayesian analysis on the ground investigation data.</p> <p>In further studies, we plan to use the model in slope reliability assessments under retrogressive slope failure through application of Monte Carlo methods. The results of the study are and will be documented in joint publications of the host and user groups.</p>
GEOLAB - Transnational Access project HSRTSUB - Resilient behaviour of stabilized and conventional high-speed's rail track subgrades under different drainage conditions and seat loads
<p>In this study, the shear strength of track ballast material is evaluated by testing different types of track ballast specimens, which was conducted in a Large-scale Triaxial Apparatus at ZAG ) that has a shear area of 40 cm x 40 cm and can accommodate specimens up to 80 cm high. It enable loading of specimens in simple shear mode.</p> <p>The tests, which were conducted within HSRTSUB project, include two different types of ballast, the fouled ballast samples and the clean ballast samples, and two different specimen preparation techniques (with and without compaction). The normal stresses used cover a wide range from 50 to 400 kPa.</p> <p>The European standard EN13450 "Aggregates for railway ballast" was used. This standard specifies the properties of aggregates obtained by processing natural, manufactured or recycled crushed unbound aggregates for use in the construction of the upper layer of railway track. For the purposes of this standard, the aggregate is referred to as track ballast.</p> <p>Tests were conducted under unsaturated conditions with two types of lightweight materials:</p> <p>- fouled ballast aggregates and</p> <p>- clean ballast aggregates</p>
GEOLAB Project FROSPER: FROst heaving soils-Solar Panel foundations interaction in cold European Regions: an experimental study
<p>The objective of the proposed project is to investigate the<strong> resilience of solar panels foundations in cold climates</strong>. The efficiency of solar panels is overall better in cold climates, when the direct sunlight is available, due to the lower temperature-induced dispersion. For this reason, large solar fields tend to be installed in cold regions, such as northern Europe or Canada. A solar field with <i>e.g.</i>, 10 MW, requires a great number of solar panels (~6000) whose foundations are generally<strong> steel piles</strong> driven into the soil down to a depth of 2÷5 m below the ground surface. In the cold regions, the shallow layers of soil are periodically subjected to <strong>freezing thus to the frost-heaving phenomena</strong>. The latter can increase the <strong>risk of uplift failure mechanism of the pile foundation</strong> compromising the exercise of the entire solar panel row.</p><p>This project aims to investigate the interaction between saturated soils and solar panel foundations under frozen conditions in <strong>scaled centrifuge models</strong>. The steel piles will be at first driven into the saturated soil sample, then a set of the <strong>freezing-thawing cycles</strong> will be reproduced in the centrifuge. <strong>Possible practical interventions to reduce the soil frost-heaving effects</strong> will also be explored, as the use of protective insulating mantel at the ground surface all around the head of the pile.</p><p>This project will represent a breakthrough in the understanding of the solar panel foundations behaviour, allowing a deeper insight into possible uplift failure mechanisms. The motivation of the study lies in the reduction of the costs and in the resilience improvement of critical infrastructures for the generation of energy in the EU territories. </p>
GEOLAB-SAFETY - Stability Analysis For Enhanced Tailings storage facilities
<p>This repository includes the outcomes of the GEOLAB Transnational Access project SAFETY, carried out at Deltares' geotechnical centrifuge facilities and coordinated by University of Porto. The main goal of SAFETY (Stability Analysis For Enhanced Tailings storage facilities) is to evaluate and enhance the stability of tailings storage facilities (TSF) under adverse conditions. These facilities, used to store the fine waste material (tailings) from mining processes, are prone to instability issues such as liquefaction, which can lead to catastrophic failures. The project focuses specifically on analyzing the stability of dry stack embankments—a more sustainable and potentially safer method of tailings disposal. The project has attempted to simulate the behavior of tailings dams through a series of centrifuge tests.</p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
GEOLAB - Transnational Access project JELLYFISh - Field testing of Medusa DMT
<p>The project <strong>JELLYFISh</strong> <em>(<strong>A Just-released innovativE in-situ soiL testing technoLogY (Medusa DMT/SDMT) For enhancing the resilience of the critical InfraStructure in Europe</strong></em><em>)</em> aims to contribute to the advancement of knowledge on geotechnical characterization of soil deposits commonly encountered in risk-sensitive areas (intermediate soils, soft clays, quick clays, loose sands), often associated to multiple geo-hazards that may negatively interact with CI networks. Improvements in geotechnical approaches to analysis and mitigation of such hazards, in order to increase the resilience of the CI, rely significantly on enhanced characterization of soil behaviour.</p> <p> </p> <p>The methodology employed for this purpose is the innovative Medusa (S)DMT in-situ soil testing technology. The research project is based on an extensive experimental in-situ testing program with Medusa (S)DMT in different soil types at benchmark Geo-Test Sites (NGTS), part of the research infrastructure managed by the NGI. A comprehensive high-quality soil database, including data from field and laboratory tests, published articles and reports, is available from NGI. The sites (target soil types) that were recognized of specific interest for this project are Halden (silt), Onsøy (soft clay), Tiller-Flotten (quick clay), and Øysand (sand).</p> <p>The project benefits from the collaboration of users from industry and academia, making use of the access to the GEOLAB facility to test and implement new technology solutions. The relevant Technology Readiness Level (TRL) of the project is in the group (TRL4-7), pertaining to technology development of solutions to enhance the resilience of the CI.</p> <p> </p> <p>The main objectives of the project and their significance in terms of innovation / advancement of knowledge are:</p> <ul> <li>Innovative approach for characterizing the in-situ behaviour of intermediate soils by Medusa DMT tests at variable pressurization/penetration rates, in combination with available data from variable-rate CPTU tests.</li> </ul> <ul> <li>Advancement in soil property characterization of soft clay deposits by innovative in-situ testing procedures (e.g., in-situ horizontal stress / coefficient of earth pressure at rest <em>K</em><sub>0</sub> from continuous measurement of total horizontal pressure during Medusa DMT penetration).</li> <li>Novel approach for mapping quick clay layers by innovative in-situ testing procedures (continuous measurement of total horizontal pressure during Medusa DMT penetration).</li> <li>Improvement of DMT interpretation in sand, including the investigation of the effect of fines content and partial drainage (to be introduced into DMT-based simplified methods for liquefaction assessment).</li> </ul>
GEOLAB Material Properties Database
<p>The document contains the comprehensive ‘one-stop’ material properties database developed by the GEOLAB consortium for the typical soils and constitutive models used in the GEOLAB facilities. The said database was developed to support the use and re-use of the quality experimental data from the GEOLAB Transnational Access projects.</p>
GEOLAB-PEBSTER-TU Darmstadt: Large-scale model test on Piled Embankments with Basal Steel Mesh Reinforcement - Measurements.
<h1><strong>Large-scale model test on basal steel-mesh reinforced piled embankments (PEBSTER, a transnational access project of GEOLAB)</strong></h1> <p>Welcome to the GEOLAB PEBSTER TU Darmstadt project on Zenodo! This repository contains the measurement data of the large-scale model test on Piled Embankments with a Basal Steel Reinforcement (PEBSTER). Pile-supported embankments with basal geosynthetic reinforcement are commonly built in soft soil areas. Steel mesh reinforcement is particularly appealing for high embankments (Topolnicki et al., 2019). Its high axial stiffness, compared to geosynthetics, reduces horizontal deformation at the embankment base, minimizes bending moments in the piles, and ultimately enhances embankment stability.</p> <h2>PEBSTER</h2> <p>This dataset includes measurements from a large-scale test on steel-reinforced piled embankments, conducted at the Institute of Geotechnics of the Technical University of Darmstadt (Schneider et al., 2024a,b,c). This test is part of a broader research initiative called Piled Embankments with Basal Steel Reinforcement (PEBSTER), which also includes four small-scale test (van Eekelen et al., 2024), conducted at Deltares, Delft, Netherlands.</p> <h2>GEOLAB</h2> <p>GEOLAB is a project of the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under Grant Agreement No. 101006512, addressing Europe's Critical Infrastructure (CI) challenges in the water, energy, urban, and transport sectors.</p> <p>The GEOLAB Research Infrastructure (RI) consists of 11 unique installations across Europe to study subsurface behavior and its interaction with structural CI elements and the environment. During the GEOLAB Transnational Access (TA), users outside the consortium gained access to the GEOLAB installations to perform research and innovation.</p> <h2>PEBSTER Research group</h2> <p>The project was conducted by a research group that includes the Institute of Geotechnics of the Technical University of Darmstadt, Germany, Deltares, Netherlands, Keller (Germany, France, Poland), and SHM System, Poland.</p>
GEOLAB - CLARIFIER project
<p>The existing Critical Infrastructure (CI) of Europe in the water, energy, urban and transport sector is facing major challenges because of pressures such as climate change, extreme weather, geo-hazards, ageing and increased usage, in combination with pivotal changes in the CI to meet long-term societal goals (e.g., energy transition). To address these challenges, scientific research and innovative solutions are needed that can only be achieved by an interdisciplinary, cross-boundary approach and by equipping expert teams with the most advanced suite of physical research infrastructure available. This will allow them to work across spatial scales, explore different theories that describe the pressures and adopt innovative techniques in the development of practical solutions.</p> <p>The GEOLAB Research Infrastructure (RI) consists of 11 unique installations in Europe developed to study subsurface behavior and the interaction of the subsurface with structural CI elements (e.g., a bridge) and the environment. The overarching aim of GEOLAB is to integrate and advance these key national research infrastructures towards a one-stop-shop of excellent physical research infrastructure specifically for performing ground-breaking research and innovation to address the challenges faced by the CI of Europe. During the GEOLAB Transnational Access (TA), users outside the consortium gain access to the GEOLAB installations to perform research and innovation.</p> <p>One of the GEOLAB’S TA projects is the project CLARIFIER. For this project, centrifuge tests were conducted at Deltares, in The Netherlands. The main objectives of the CLARIFIER tests are: (a) to evaluate how well partially decomposed fibrous peat can be modelled in a geotechnical centrifuge and to (ii) understand the failure mechanisms under light weight embankments.</p>
GEOLAB - RES FLUCTIS project: Assessing River Embankments Stability to FLoods through Unsaturated Centrifuge Testing In transient Seepage conditions
<p>River floods rank among the most significant natural hazard in Europe, causing substantial economic and human losses and are frequently due to severe damages endured by water retaining earthworks, under extreme weather events. Forecasting models suggest that climate change will be a determining factor in intensifying the hydrological cycle, with a far-reaching impacts on runoff regimes of streams and watercourses, thus significantly reducing the return times of droughts and flood events. This means that existing water retaining infrastructures, such as earthen river embankments, are expected to withstand extreme stresses, being subjected to hydraulic loading hardly experienced in the past, in terms of duration and intensity. </p> <p>In this framework, a reliable assessment of the existing river embankments safety conditions, represents a key aspect to enhance the resilience of these critical infrastructures (CI). A satisfactory solution to this problem cannot disregard the partially saturated state of the earthfill, neither the role of river stage fluctuations on the seepage process within the embankments. Nevertheless, in the current engineering practice, these aspects are frequently neglected, mainly due to the difficulties in estimating the actual suction distribution and shear strength, thus providing erroneous conclusions on the effective safety margins towards potential failure mechanisms.</p> <p>The <strong>RES FLUCTIS (<em>Assessing River Embankments Stability to FLoods through Unsaturated Centrifuge Testing In transient Seepage conditions</em>)</strong> project aims at contributing to a better understanding of the effect of time-dependent hydraulic loadings on the stability of a river embankment model, subjected to simulated high-water events, through a series of centrifuge tests.</p> <p>The experiments were carried out at the Schofield Centre of the University of Cambridge (UK), on the 150 g-ton Turner beam centrifuge, with a nominal radius of 4.125 m and a payload of 1000 kg. In the first centrifuge test, water level was gradually increased, up to three incremental elevations, and each of them was maintained until a steady-state flow regime was established within the embankment body.</p> <p>A sequence of hydrometric peaks and drawdowns of constant intensity and duration, was applied in the second test, with the aim of replicating wetting-drying cycles, which river embankments typically experience under site conditions.</p> <p>The small-scale physical model, tested under the enhanced gravity field of 50 g, was characterized by a compacted embankment, made of a natural silty sand, representative for a typical embankment section of the Alpine and Apennine riverbank systems of the main river Po (Northern Italy), which have recently experienced multiple overall collapses and breaches. The earth structure was founded on a fully saturated homogeneous Speswhite kaolin layer, 1D consolidated.</p> <p>To investigate the hydro-mechanical behaviour and the possible failure mechanisms of the CI model, induced by stationary and transient hydraulic boundary conditions, in-house built miniaturized tensiometers, pore pressure transducers, displacement sensors, high-resolution cameras and flow meters were installed.</p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
GEOLAB - SAM-WT project
<p>This dataset contains the experimental data results of the GEOLAB Transnational Access project SAM-WT (Shared Anchor under Multidirectional Cyclic Loading for Floating Wind Turbines). The experimental work was performed at the Geotechnical Test Pit of the Technical University of Darmstadt, Germany, in 2024.</p> <p>Three lateral pile loading tests were conducted on a steel pile with a diameter of 325 mm and a length of 3 meters, embedded in dry sand within an indoor pit. These tests included a monotonic loading test (Test 0), a unidirectional cyclic loading test (Test 1), and a multidirectional cyclic loading test (Test 2). The cyclic tests comprised two cyclic packages with different mean and amplitude values, featuring 10,000 and 3,000 cycles, respectively. In all cases, the cyclic frequency was 0.125 Hz.</p> <p>This dataset includes:</p> <p>- A description of the experimental setup, test programme, and instrumentation, with detailed and comprehensive plans and photographs.<br>- The test result files, recorded by the 47 sensors that equipped the setup. The files contain the raw data as captured by the instruments.</p>
Efficacy and Safety Clinical Trial of the Combination of Acetylsalicylic Acid, Sodium Bicarbonate and Citric Acid, Produced by Geolab Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., Compared to Acetylsalicylic Acid (
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01012349. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
GEOLAB-FIM Flowslide Impact Modelling testing
<p>The “Flowslide Impact Modelling” project (FIM) deals with the interaction mechanisms which develop when a flow-like mass movement hits an obstacle, such as a structure or a protection barrier.<br>The focus of the project is mainly on understanding the behaviour of flowslides, which are landslides triggered by saturation of the ground and groundwater seepage along a slope. These events occur during intense rainfall events where the saturated soil has little strength. Fluid-like behaviour is predominant during the propagation and impact against structures, however solid-fluid interaction inside the flow plays a role and soil mechanics is fundamental for assessing the problem.<br>Due to Climate Change heavy rainstorms are expected to become more frequent, with significant amount of mixture of water and debris potentially mobilized along the slopes. The increased role of water runoff during the intense rainstorms favour that different types of flows may be originated; however, they will always propagate at velocity of tens of metres per seconds. Such topic is clearly related to extreme geohazards.<br>The impact of such destructive flows on urban settlements (such as public buildings and resident housing) and transport facilities (roads and rail infrastructures) has been caused severe damage to the structures and infrastructure all over the Europe and often victims are recorded.<br>The Geo-Centrifuge hosted in Deltares (Delft) has been chosen to conduct a series of propagation-impact experiments. Such centrifuge offers the chance to explore a range of impact pressure values and time trends of total stresses and pore water pressure generated during the impact.<br>The centrifuge tests were set at 40 g-level and involved the releasing from a height a saturated soil mass, that propagates downslope and finally impacts against a rigid instrumented barrier.<br>A range of landslide scenarios (featured by different Froude number), protection structures (structure’s height relative to flow depth) and types of landslide-structure interaction (dead zone formation, run-up, overtopping) were inspected, also referring to Faug’s diagram for the interpretation of the results.<br>A natural Vesuvian volcanic soil was used since it is prone to static liquefaction upon shearing and then susceptible to fast runout.<br>The expected results from the FIM project are: time trend of total and pore water pressure for different impact mechanisms, insights about the role of fine content for different impact scenarios, enhancement of the Faug’s diagram, insights on the role of fine content and suggestions for updating the design criteria of the protection barriers. The latter can be achieved thanks to the collaboration of the industrial partner Geosintex s.r.l.<br>The novelty relates to the use of natural soil instead of uniform particle size material as done before. The particle size regulates the flow dynamics.<br>The simple modification of the model geometry (i.e., falling height of the soil from the storage container to the slope, and distance of the barrier) result in different impact mechanisms.<br>The centrifuge model can accurately reproduce the fast movement of the sliding mass with realis-tic total stresses, pore water pressures, and inter-action between the constituents (drag forces) at prototype scale. Contrary to other devices (such as flume tests) used to model the same problem, these dominant factors are not scaled down in the centrifuge. Moreover, the centrifuge is the opti-mal experimental device to reproduce the field conditions of a dynamic impact loading problem experienced by a protection structure impacted by a flowslide.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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OpenNeuro
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