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16 results for “Gasteracantha”
Fig. 8 in Phylogenetic relationships of Actinacantha Simon, Gasteracantha Sundevall, Macracantha Hasselt and Thelacantha Simon spiny orbweavers (Araneae: Araneidae) in Peninsular Malaysia
Fig. 8. Epigynal structure of Gasteracantha kuhli C. L. Koch, 1837. A, Ventral view; B, Posterior view; C, Lateral view; D, Dorsal view; E, Anterior view. Scale = 100 µm. CO = Copulatory opening; FD = Fertilisation duct; S = Spermatheca.
Fig. 10 in Phylogenetic relationships of Actinacantha Simon, Gasteracantha Sundevall, Macracantha Hasselt and Thelacantha Simon spiny orbweavers (Araneae: Araneidae) in Peninsular Malaysia
Fig. 10. Holotype sample of Gasteracantha mengei Keyserling, 1864 deposited in the Natural History Museum, London. A, Dorsal view of abdomen; B, Posteroventral view of epigyne. Scale not available. (Photo reproduced with permission from Joseph Koh).
Fig. 9. Gasteracantha mengei Keyserling, 1864. A in Phylogenetic relationships of Actinacantha Simon, Gasteracantha Sundevall, Macracantha Hasselt and Thelacantha Simon spiny orbweavers (Araneae: Araneidae) in Peninsular Malaysia
Fig. 9. Gasteracantha mengei Keyserling, 1864. A, Dorsal habitus; B−E, Epigynal structure. A, Ventral view; B, Posterior view; C, Lateral view; D, Dorsal view; E, Anterior view. Scale A = 5 mm; B−E = 100 µm. S = Spermatheca.
Fig. 7 in Phylogenetic relationships of Actinacantha Simon, Gasteracantha Sundevall, Macracantha Hasselt and Thelacantha Simon spiny orbweavers (Araneae: Araneidae) in Peninsular Malaysia
Fig. 7. Epigynal structure of Gasteracantha hasselti C. L. Koch, 1837. A, Ventral view; B, Posterior view; C, Lateral view; D, Dorsal view; E, Anterior view. Scale = 100 µm. CO = Copulatory opening; FD = Fertilisation duct; S = Spermatheca.
Fig. 6 in Phylogenetic relationships of Actinacantha Simon, Gasteracantha Sundevall, Macracantha Hasselt and Thelacantha Simon spiny orbweavers (Araneae: Araneidae) in Peninsular Malaysia
Fig. 6. Gasteracantha diardi (Lucas, 1835). A, Dorsal habitus; B−E, Epigynal structure. A, Ventral view; B, Posterior view; C, Lateral view; D, Dorsal view; E, Anterior view. Scale A = 5 mm; B−E = 100 µm. S = Spermatheca.
Fig. 3 in Phylogenetic relationships of Actinacantha Simon, Gasteracantha Sundevall, Macracantha Hasselt and Thelacantha Simon spiny orbweavers (Araneae: Araneidae) in Peninsular Malaysia
Fig. 3. Bayesian tree based on the concatenated 16S+CO1+CO2+H3A dataset of samples used in the present study. Numeric values at nodes arranged in an order of Ultrafast ML bootstrap support/MP bootstrap support/Bayesian posterior probability.
Fig. 11 in Phylogenetic relationships of Actinacantha Simon, Gasteracantha Sundevall, Macracantha Hasselt and Thelacantha Simon spiny orbweavers (Araneae: Araneidae) in Peninsular Malaysia
Fig. 11. Epigynal structure of Macracantha arcuata (Fabricius, 1793). A, Ventral view; B, Posterior view; C, Lateral view; D, Dorsal view; E, Anterior view. Scale = 100 µm. CO = Copulatory opening; FD = Fertilisation duct; S = Spermatheca.
Fig. 4 in Phylogenetic relationships of Actinacantha Simon, Gasteracantha Sundevall, Macracantha Hasselt and Thelacantha Simon spiny orbweavers (Araneae: Araneidae) in Peninsular Malaysia
Fig. 4. Bayesian tree based on the CO1 dataset of Actinacantha, Gasteracantha, Macracantha and Thelacantha. Numeric values at nodes arranged in an order of Ultrafast ML bootstrap support/MP bootstrap support/Bayesian posterior probability.
Fig. 5 in Phylogenetic relationships of Actinacantha Simon, Gasteracantha Sundevall, Macracantha Hasselt and Thelacantha Simon spiny orbweavers (Araneae: Araneidae) in Peninsular Malaysia
Fig. 5. Sub-female Actinacantha globulata (Walckenaer, 1841). A, Dorsal habitus; B, Ventral habitus; C, Lateral habitus. Scale = 5 mm.
Fig. 12 in Phylogenetic relationships of Actinacantha Simon, Gasteracantha Sundevall, Macracantha Hasselt and Thelacantha Simon spiny orbweavers (Araneae: Araneidae) in Peninsular Malaysia
Fig. 12. Epigynal structure of Thelacantha brevispina (Doleschall, 1857). A, Ventral view; B, Posterior view; C, Lateral view; D, Dorsal view; E, Anterior view. Scale = 100 µm. CO = Copulatory opening; FD = Fertilisation duct; S = Spermatheca.
Fig. 1. General habitus. A in Phylogenetic relationships of Actinacantha Simon, Gasteracantha Sundevall, Macracantha Hasselt and Thelacantha Simon spiny orbweavers (Araneae: Araneidae) in Peninsular Malaysia
Fig. 1. General habitus. A, Actinacantha globulata (Walckenaer, 1841), sub-female; B, Gasteracantha diardi (Lucas, 1835), female; C, G. diardi yellow morph, female; D, G. diardi white morph, sub-female; E, G. kuhli, female; F, Gasteracantha hasselti C. L. Koch, 1837, female; G, Macracantha arcuata (Fabricius, 1793), female; H, Thelacantha brevispina (Doleschall, 1857), female; I, G. mengei Keyserling, 1864, female. Photos by Tan Ji.
Fig. 2 in Phylogenetic relationships of Actinacantha Simon, Gasteracantha Sundevall, Macracantha Hasselt and Thelacantha Simon spiny orbweavers (Araneae: Araneidae) in Peninsular Malaysia
Fig. 2. Locations of specimens collected in this study.
Phylogeography of the widespread Caribbean spiny orb weaver Gasteracantha cancriformis
<p class="Normal1"><b>Background. </b>Modern molecular analyses are often inconsistent with pre-cladistic taxonomic hypotheses, frequently indicating higher richness than morphological taxonomy estimates. Among Caribbean spiders, widespread species are relatively few compared to the prevalence of single island endemics. The taxonomic hypothesis <i>Gasteracantha</i> <i>cancriformis</i> circumscribes a species with profuse variation in size, color, and body form. Distributed throughout the Neotropics, <i>G. cancriformis </i>is the only morphological species of <i>Gasteracantha</i> in the New World in this globally distributed genus.</p> <p class="Normal1"><b>Methods. </b>We inferred phylogenetic relationships across Neotropical populations of <i>Gasteracantha </i>using three target genes. Within the Caribbean, we estimated genetic diversity, population structure, and gene flow among island populations.</p> <p class="Normal1"><b>Results. </b>Our findings revealed a single widespread species of <i>Gasteracantha </i>throughout the Caribbean, <i>G. cancriformis,</i> while suggesting two recently divergent mainland populations that may represent separate species, diverging linages, or geographically isolated demes. The concatenated and <i>COI</i> (Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1) phylogeny supported a Caribbean clade nested within the New World<i>.</i> Genetic variability was high between island populations for our <i>COI </i>dataset; however, gene flow was also high, especially between large, adjacent islands. We found structured genetic and morphological variation within <i>G. cancriformis</i> island populations; however, this variation does not reflect genealogical relationships. Rather, isolation by distance and local morphological adaptation may explain the observed variation.</p>
FIGURE 1 in Redescription of the orb-weaving spider Gasteracantha geminata (Fabricius, 1798) (Araneae, Araneidae)
FIGURE 1. Gasteracantha geminata (Fabricius, 1798). A, Male, retrolateral. B, Female, dorsal. C, Left male palp, prolateral. D, same, retrolateral. E, Epigynum, ventral. F, same, dorsal. Scale bars: A, 2 mm; B, 1 mm; C–F, 0.5 mm.
FIGURE 2 in Redescription of the orb-weaving spider Gasteracantha geminata (Fabricius, 1798) (Araneae, Araneidae)
FIGURE 2. Gasteracantha geminata (Fabricius, 1798). A, Male habitus, dorsal. B, Female habitus, dorsal. C, Left male palp, prolateral. D, same, retrolateral. E, Epigynum, ventral; F, same, dorsal. Abbreviations: C, conductor; CD, copulatory duct; dC, distomedian process of conductor; E, embolus; FD, fertilization duct; LL, lateral lobe of epigynum; MA, median apophysis; PB, posterior border line of epigynum; PMA, paramedian apophysis; pTA, prolateral tibial apophysis; rCy, retrolateral cymbial extension; RTA, retrolateral tibial apophysis; S, scapus; SH, spermathecal head; T, tegulum. Scale bars: A, 0.61 mm; B, 1.32 mm; C–D, 0.18 mm; E–F, 0.07 mm.
Phylogeography of the widespread Caribbean spiny orb weaver Gasteracantha cancriformis
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