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5 results for “Glyphoglossus”
Shared response to changes in drainage basin: Phylogeography of the Yunnan Small Narrow-mouthed Frog, Glyphoglossus yunnanensis (Anura: Microhylidae)
<p><span><b>Aim: </b>With the late Cenozoic uplift of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP), drainage of the southeastern edge of the QTP changed significantly. However, the impact of this dramatic change on the geographical distribution and genetic diversity of endemic organisms is still poorly understood. Here, we examined the geographical patterns of genetic variation in the Yunnan small narrow-mouthed frog, <i>Glyphoglossus yunnanensis </i>(Microhylidae), and two alternative hypotheses were tested: that is, the geographical distribution of genetic variation was determined by either the contemporary drainage basin or by historical drainage basins. </span></p> <p><span><b>Location: </b>the Mountains of Southwest China.</span></p> <p><span><b>Materials and methods:</b> Analyses were based on 417 specimens collected from across the distribution of the species. We reconstructed the genealogy (Bayesian and maximum parsimony methods) and assessed demographic history based on DNA sequencing data from mitochondrial and nuclear markers. We also mapped the genetic diversity and estimated the divergence times by a relaxed clock model. </span></p> <p><span><b>Results: </b>The species has maintained a relatively stable population size without recent population expansion. Four major maternal lineages were identified with good support, one representing a possible cryptic species and the other three showing further subdivision. The distribution of these deeply differentiated lineages/sublineages corresponded well to geographical regions. The secondary contact zones and phylogeographic breaks in distinct lineages of <i>G. yunnanensis </i>were almost concordant with those of <i>Nanorana yunnanensis</i>. </span></p> <p><b>Main conclusions: </b>Lineage division conformed to the hypothesis of drainage system evolution, that is, the phylogeographic pattern of <i>G. yunnanensis </i>was shaped by historical drainage patterns. Concordance in phylogeographic patterns<i> </i>may suggest a shared response to common hydrogeological history, and also might indicate that there was more contribution of the drainage history than ecological or life history traits in structuring genetic variation between these two disparate codistributed taxa <i>G. yunnanensis </i>and <i>N. yunnanensis</i>.</p>
Shared response to changes in drainage basin: Phylogeography of the Yunnan Small Narrow-mouthed Frog, Glyphoglossus yunnanensis (Anura: Microhylidae)
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Figure 3 in Preliminary report on the genetic structure of Glyphoglossus molossus (Anura: Microhylidae) from the Khorat Plateauı north-eastern Thailand
Figure 3. Median-joining haplotype network (MJN) illustrating hierarchical relationships among haplotypes represented by sampled populations of Glyphoglossus molossus. Each circle showed a haplotype and the size of each circle is scaled to the number of individuals sharing that haplotype. Branch numbers is proportional to number of mutational steps.
Figure 1 in Preliminary report on the genetic structure of Glyphoglossus molossus (Anura: Microhylidae) from the Khorat Plateauı north-eastern Thailand
Figure 1. Map of north-eastern Thailand (a) showing collection localities of Glyphoglossus molossus samples. Names associated with locality numbers are in Table 1. Examples of sampled habitats in this study: secondary forest, Maha Sarakham Province (b); rice field, Sakon Nakhon Province (c); agricultural pond, Nong Khai Province (d). A sample of Glyphoglossus molossus was caught by excavation (e).
Figure 2 in Preliminary report on the genetic structure of Glyphoglossus molossus (Anura: Microhylidae) from the Khorat Plateauı north-eastern Thailand
Figure 2. Phylogenetic relationships populations of Glyphoglossus molossus. Nodal support value bootstrap for Maximum likelihood (ML) and posterior probabilities for Bayesian analysis (BA) are shown above or near branches, respectively. The scale bar represents 0.04 substitutions per nucleotide position.
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