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Figure 5. Carcinoplax sinica Chen, 1984, overall habitus. A in Carcinoplax mistio, a new species of goneplacid crab from the Indian Ocean (Decapoda: Brachyura: Goneplacoidea)

Figure 5. Carcinoplax sinica Chen, 1984, overall habitus. A, male (31.7 x 20.9 mm) (ZRC 2011.0607), Gulf of Tonkin; B, male (35.2 x 23.4 mm) (ZRC 1984.7842), South China Sea; C, male (34.6 x 25.0 mm) (ZRC 1984.6314), South China Sea.

Figure 8. Gonopods. A–D, Carcinoplax mistio n in Carcinoplax mistio, a new species of goneplacid crab from the Indian Ocean (Decapoda: Brachyura: Goneplacoidea)

Figure 8. Gonopods. A–D, Carcinoplax mistio n. sp., holotype male (29.2 x 19.0 mm) (ZSI Reg. No. C7123/2), Bay of Bengal; E–J, C. mistio n. sp., K–M, male (45.0 x 29.0 mm) (Copenhagen Museum), Persian Gulf; H–J, C. purpurea Rathbun, 1914, male (31.0 x 24.2 mm) (ZRC 1999.0773), Taiwan; K–M, C. sinica Chen, 1984, male (31.7 x 20.9 mm) (ZRC 2011.0607), Gulf of Tonkin; N, C. sinica Chen, 1984, male (34.6 x 25.0 mm) (ZRC 1984.6314), South China Sea. A, H, K, left G1 (ventral view); B, C, I, L, N, distal part of left G (ventral view); D, right G2 (transposed for comparative purposes); E, distal part of G1; F, G1; G, G2; J, M, left G2. (E, after Stephensen, 1946: fig. 44A, B; F, G, after Guinot, 1989: fig. 14). Scales: A, D, H, J, K, M = 1.0 mm; B, C, I, L, N = 0.5 mm.

Figure 4. Carcinoplax sinica Chen, 1984 in Carcinoplax mistio, a new species of goneplacid crab from the Indian Ocean (Decapoda: Brachyura: Goneplacoidea)

Figure 4. Carcinoplax sinica Chen, 1984, male (28.5 x 19.5 mm) (ZRC 1984.5693), South China Sea. A, overall habitus; B, left third maxilliped; C, frontal view of cephalothorax; D, anterior thoracic sternum, pleonal somites 4–6 and telson; E, dorsal view of right cheliped; F, outer view of right chela; G, outer view of left chela.

Figure 7. Male pleon and ambulatory legs. A, G, H, Carcinoplax mistio n in Carcinoplax mistio, a new species of goneplacid crab from the Indian Ocean (Decapoda: Brachyura: Goneplacoidea)

Figure 7. Male pleon and ambulatory legs. A, G, H, Carcinoplax mistio n. sp., holotype male (29.2 x 19.0 mm) (ZSI Reg. No. C7123/2), Bay of Bengal; B, I, J, C. purpurea Rathbun, 1914, male (31.0 x 24.2 mm) (ZRC 1999.0773), Taiwan; C, C. purpurea Rathbun, 1914, male (31.7 x 24.3 mm) (ZRC 2001.0017), Taiwan; D, K, L, C. sinica (28.5 x 19.5 mm) (ZRC 1984.5693), South China Sea; E, C. sinica (35.2 x 23.4 mm) (ZRC 1984.7842), South China Sea; F, C. sinica (34.6 x 25.0 mm) (ZRC 1984.6314), South China Sea. A–F, male pleonal somites 3–6 and telson; G, I, K, right P4; H, J, L, right P5.

Figure 3. Carcinoplax purpurea Rathbun, 1914 in Carcinoplax mistio, a new species of goneplacid crab from the Indian Ocean (Decapoda: Brachyura: Goneplacoidea)

Figure 3. Carcinoplax purpurea Rathbun, 1914, male (31.0 x 24.2 mm) (ZRC 1999.0773), Taiwan. A, overall habitus; B, left third maxilliped; C, frontal view of cephalothorax; D, anterior thoracic sternum, pleonal somites 4–6 and telson; E, dorsal view of right cheliped; F, outer view of right chela; G, outer view of left chela.

Figure 6 in Carcinoplax mistio, a new species of goneplacid crab from the Indian Ocean (Decapoda: Brachyura: Goneplacoidea)

Figure 6. Dorsal view of male carapace. A, Carcinoplax mistio n. sp., holotype male (29.2 x 19.0 mm) (ZSI Reg. No. C7123/2), Bay of Bengal; B, C. mistio n. sp., paratype female (36.4 x 24.2 mm) (ZSI Reg. No. C7124/2), Bay of Bengal; C, C. purpurea Rathbun, 1914 (31.0 x 24.2 mm) (ZRC 1999.0773), Taiwan; D, C. purpurea (31.7 x 24.3 mm) (ZRC 2001.0017), Taiwan; E, C. sinica Chen, 1984 (31.7 x 20.9 mm) (ZRC 2011.0607), Gulf of Tonkin; F, C. sinica (28.5 x 19.5 mm) (ZRC 1984.5693), South China Sea; G, C. sinica (35.2 x 23.4 mm) (ZRC 1984.7842), South China Sea; H, C. sinica (34.6 x 25.0 mm) (ZRC 1984.6314), South China Sea.

Figure 9. A, B, Carcinoplax mistio n in Carcinoplax mistio, a new species of goneplacid crab from the Indian Ocean (Decapoda: Brachyura: Goneplacoidea)

Figure 9. A, B, Carcinoplax mistio n. sp., paratype female (36.4 x 24.2 mm) (ZSI Reg. No. C7124/2), Bay of Bengal; C, D, Carcinoplax purpurea Rathbun, 1914, female (38.8 x 29.5 mm) (ZRC 2001.0017), Taiwan; E, F, C. sinica Chen, 1984, female (35.9 x 25.6 mm) (ZRC 1984.6313) South China Sea. A, anterior thoracic sternum and pleon; C, E, overall habitus; B, D, F, sternopleonal cavity showing vulvae.

FIG. 2. — Frevillea barbata A in Notes on the taxonomy of Frevillea A. Milne-Edwards, 1880 (Crustacea, Brachyura, Goneplacoidea), with the description of a new genus for F. sigsbei A. Milne-Edwards, 1880

FIG. 2. — Frevillea barbata A. Milne-Edwards, 1880: A, B, F, paralectotype ♂ (16.5 × 10.0 mm) (MNHN-IU-2014-7505); C, paralectotype ♀ (27.3 × 17.2 mm) (MCZ-IZ-CRU-9155); D, lectotype ♂ (29.5 × 18.4 mm) (MCZ-IZ-CRU-9155); E, paralectotype ♀ (22.7 × 15.7 mm) (MNHN-IU-2014-7506): A, left side of carapace and left cheliped; B, right chela; C-E, ventral view of cephalothorax and pleon; F, ♂ sternopleonal cavity. Credits: A, B, E, F photographs by P. K. L. Ng; C, D, photographs by Alana Rivera, MCZ.

FIG. 5 in Notes on the taxonomy of Frevillea A. Milne-Edwards, 1880 (Crustacea, Brachyura, Goneplacoidea), with the description of a new genus for F. sigsbei A. Milne-Edwards, 1880

FIG. 5. — Diuplax sigsbei (A. Milne-Edwards, 1880) n. comb.: A-C, lectotype ovigerous ♀ (15.3 × 9.5 mm) (MCZ-IZ-CRU-10991); D, E, paralectotype ♂ (14.1 × 8.4 mm) (MCZ-IZ-CRU-10992); F, ♂ (13.0 × 8.5 mm) (MNHN-IU-2014-11828); G, ♀ (10.8 × 7.3 mm) (MNHN-IU-2014-11828): A, B, D, F, G, overall dorsal view; C, E, ventral view of cephalothorax and pleon. Credits: A, after A. Milne-Edwards & Bouvier (1923: pl. 6, fig. 2); B, C, photographs by Alana Rivera, MCZ; D-G, photographs by P. K. L. Ng.

FIG. 1. — Frevillea barbata A in Notes on the taxonomy of Frevillea A. Milne-Edwards, 1880 (Crustacea, Brachyura, Goneplacoidea), with the description of a new genus for F. sigsbei A. Milne-Edwards, 1880

FIG. 1. — Frevillea barbata A. Milne-Edwards, 1880: A-D, lectotype ♂ (29.5 × 18.4 mm) (MCZ-IZ-CRU-9155); E, paralectotype ♀ (27.3 × 17.2 mm) (MCZ-IZ- CRU-9155); F, paralectotype ♂ (16.5 × 10.0 mm) (MNHN-IU-2014-7505); G, paralectotype ♀ (22.7 × 15.7 mm) (MNHN-IU-2014-7506); H, juvenile paralectotype ♀ (7.9 × 5.0 mm) (MNHN-IU-2014-7506): A, D-H, overall dorsal views; B, right chela; C, pleon. Credits: A-C after A. Milne-Edwards & Bouvier (1923: fig. 2; pl. 7, figs 1, 2); D, E, photographs by Alana Rivera, MCZ;, F-H, photographs by P. K. L. Ng.

FIG. 7 in Notes on the taxonomy of Frevillea A. Milne-Edwards, 1880 (Crustacea, Brachyura, Goneplacoidea), with the description of a new genus for F. sigsbei A. Milne-Edwards, 1880

FIG. 7. — Goneplax rhomboides (Linnaeus, 1758), ♂ (36.5 × 22.6 mm) (ZRC 2010.0069), Scotland. A, dorsal view of carapace; B, frontal view of cephalothorax; C, left third maxilliped; D, anterior thoracic sternum and pleon; E, posterior thoracic sternum and pleon; F, right merus of cheliped (inner view); G, left fourth ambulatory leg. Credits: photographs by P. K. L. Ng.

FIG. 4. — Frevillea tridentata A in Notes on the taxonomy of Frevillea A. Milne-Edwards, 1880 (Crustacea, Brachyura, Goneplacoidea), with the description of a new genus for F. sigsbei A. Milne-Edwards, 1880

FIG. 4. — Frevillea tridentata A. Milne-Edwards, 1880 (now Trapezioplax tridentata): A-D, lectotype ♀ (8.5 × 4.7 mm) (MCZ-IZ-CRU-9170); E, F, paralectotype ♂ (6.9 × 4.3 mm) (MCZ-IZ-CRU-9170); G, H, right cheliped from either male or female specimen from MCZ (MCZ-IZ-CRU-9170); I-K, ambulatory legs from either MCZ specimen: A, C, E, overall dorsal view; B, pleon; D, F, ventral view of cephalothorax; G, right cheliped (dorsal view); H, right cheliped (ventral view); I, right ambulatory leg; J, K, left ambulatory leg. Credits: A, B, after A. Milne-Edwards & Bouvier (1923: fig. 4; pl. 6 fig. 3); C-K, photographs by Alana Rivera, MCZ.

FIG. 6 in Notes on the taxonomy of Frevillea A. Milne-Edwards, 1880 (Crustacea, Brachyura, Goneplacoidea), with the description of a new genus for F. sigsbei A. Milne-Edwards, 1880

FIG. 6. — Diuplax sigsbei (A. Milne-Edwards, 1880) n. comb.: A, lectotype ovigerous ♀ (15.3 × 9.5 mm) (MCZ-IZ-CRU-10991); B-I, ♂ (13.0 × 8.5 mm) (MNHN- IU-2014-11828); A, frontal view of cephalothorax; B, left side of carapace showing orbit and third maxilliped (left side); C, ♂ thoracic sternite 8 and pleonal somites 1 and 2; D, sternopleonal cavity; E, penis and coxa of fourth ambulatory leg (tilted at angle to see penis); F, left G1; G, distal part of left G1; H, left G2; I, distal part of left G2. Credits: A, after A. Milne-Edwards & Bouvier (1923: fig. 3); B, D, F-I, after Guinot (1969b: figs 63, 68, 71, 72); C, E, by P. K. L. Ng. Abbreviations: cx5, coxa of fourth ambulatory leg; pe, penis; so1, 2, pleonal somites 1 and 2, respectively; st5-8, thoracic sternites 5-8.

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Linked collectors and determiners for: Revision of the family Chasmocarcinidae Serène, 1964 (Crustacea, Brachyura, Goneplacoidea).

Natural history specimen data linked to collectors and determiners held within, "Revision of the family Chasmocarcinidae Serène, 1964 (Crustacea, Brachyura, Goneplacoidea)". Claims or attributions were made on Bionomia by volunteer Scribes, <a href="https://bionomia.net/dataset/2de5b7bf-3975-458a-b200-07ec69f4e013">https://bionomia.net/dataset/2de5b7bf-3975-458a-b200-07ec69f4e013</a> using specimen data from the dataset aggregated by the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, <a href="https://gbif.org/dataset/2de5b7bf-3975-458a-b200-07ec69f4e013">https://gbif.org/dataset/2de5b7bf-3975-458a-b200-07ec69f4e013</a>. Formatted as a Frictionless Data package.

FIGURE 13 in Establishment of the Vultocinidae, a new family for an unusual new genus and new species of Indo-West Pacific crab (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Goneplacoidea), with comments on the taxonomy of the Goneplacidae

FIGURE 13. Structure and position of penis, coxa of P5 and episternite 7 (position of penis indicated by arrow). A, B, Vultocinus anfractus, new genus, new species, paratype male (cl 27.3 mm, cw 25.3 mm) (ZRC); C, "Goneplax" marivenae Komatsu & Takeda, 2004, male (cl 11.0 mm, cw 17.6 mm) (ZRC 2004.724); D, Carcinoplax spinosissima Rathbun, 1914, male (cl 24.0 mm, cw 29.1 mm) (ZRC 2001.535); E, Intesius pilosus Guinot & Richer de Forges, 1981, male (cl 32.3 mm, cw 38.3 mm) (ZRC 2004.731); F, Conleyus defodio Ng & Ng, 2003, holotype male (cl, 12.2 mm, cw 16.4 mm) (FLMNH). Abbreviations: p = penis, st7 and 8 = sternites 7 and 8 respectively, es7 = episternite 7, c5 = coxa of P5.

FIGURE 12 in Establishment of the Vultocinidae, a new family for an unusual new genus and new species of Indo-West Pacific crab (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Goneplacoidea), with comments on the taxonomy of the Goneplacidae

FIGURE 12. Sterno-abdominal cavity, showing position of press button of abdominal locking mechanism (indicated by arrows) and sternal sutures. A, Vultocinus anfractus, new genus, new species, paratype male (cl 27.3 mm, cw 25.3 mm) (ZRC); B, "Goneplax" marivenae Komatsu & Takeda, 2004, male (cl 11.0 mm, cw 17.6 mm) (ZRC 2004.724); C, Carcinoplax spinosissima Rathbun, 1914, male (cl 24.0 mm, cw 29.1 mm) (ZRC 2001.535); D, Mathildella rubra Ng & Ho, 2003, male (cl 16.2 mm, cw 19.5 mm) (ZRC 2004.535); E, Intesius pilosus Guinot & Richer de Forges, 1981, male (cl 32.3 mm, cw 38.3 mm) (ZRC 2004.731); F, Platypilumnus gracilipes Alcock, 1894, male (cl 25.3 mm, cw 29.6 mm) (ZRC 2004.717); G, Progeryon mus Ng & Guinot, 1999, holotype male (cl 38.6 mm, cw 46.5 mm) (ZRC 1997.442); H, Conleyus defodio Ng & Ng, 2003, holotype male (cl 12.2 mm, cw 16.4 mm) (FLMNH). Abbreviations: pb = press button of abdominal locking mechanism, st4–7 = sternites 4 to 7 respectively, c5 = coxa of P5.

FIGURE 10 in Establishment of the Vultocinidae, a new family for an unusual new genus and new species of Indo-West Pacific crab (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Goneplacoidea), with comments on the taxonomy of the Goneplacidae

FIGURE 10. Posterior part of thoracic sternum and male abdominal somites 3–5. A, Vultocinus anfractus, new genus, new species, paratype male (cl 27.3 mm, cw 25.3 mm) (ZRC); B, "Goneplax" marivenae Komatsu & Takeda, 2004, male (cl 11.0 mm, cw 17.6 mm) (ZRC 2004.724); C, Carcinoplax spinosissima Rathbun, 1914, male (cl 24.0 mm, cw 29.1 mm) (ZRC 2001.535); D, Mathildella rubra Ng & Ho, 2003: male (cl 16.2 mm, cw 19.5 mm) (ZRC 2004.535); E, Intesius pilosus Guinot & Richer de Forges, 1981, male (cl 32.3 mm, cw 38.3 mm) (ZRC 2004.731); F, Platypilumnus gracilipes Alcock, 1894, male (cl 25.3 mm, cw 29.6 mm) (ZRC 2004.717); G, Progeryon mus Ng & Guinot, 1999, holotype male (cl 38.6 mm, cw 46.5 mm) (ZRC 1997.442); H, Conleyus defodio Ng & Ng, 2003, holotype male (cl 12.2 mm, cw 16.4 mm) (FLMNH). Abbreviations: t = telson, a2–5 = male abdominal somites 2 to 5 respectively, st7 = sternites 7, c5 = coxa of P5.

FIGURE 7 in Establishment of the Vultocinidae, a new family for an unusual new genus and new species of Indo-West Pacific crab (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Goneplacoidea), with comments on the taxonomy of the Goneplacidae

FIGURE 7. Goneplax, new species, male (cl 21.3 mm cw 35.3 mm) (ZRC 2004.700). A, buccal field, showing mouthparts and mandibles; B, anterior part of thoracic sternum and male abdominal somites 5, 6 and telson; C, posterior part of carapace showing posterior carapace margin, male abdominal somites 1and 2, and coxa of last ambulatory legs; D, posterior part of thoracic sternum and male abdominal somites 3–5; E, sterno-abdominal cavity, showing position of press button of abdominal locking mechanism (indicated by arrow) and sternal sutures; F, structure and position of penis, coxa of P5 and episternite 7. Abbreviations: p = penis, pb = press button of abdominal locking mechanism, t = telson, a1-6 = male abdominal somites 1 to 6 respectively, st4-8 = sternites 4 to 8 respectively, es7 = episternite 7, c5 = coxa of P5.

FIGURE 3 in Establishment of the Vultocinidae, a new family for an unusual new genus and new species of Indo-West Pacific crab (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Goneplacoidea), with comments on the taxonomy of the Goneplacidae

FIGURE 3. Vultocinus anfractus, new genus, new species. Holotype male (cl 19.5 mm, cw 20.3 mm) (NMCR 19114), Philippines. A, dorsal view of carapace; B, ventral view of carapace; C, buccal area showing third maxillipeds; D, frontal view of carapace and chelipeds.

FIGURE 9 in Establishment of the Vultocinidae, a new family for an unusual new genus and new species of Indo-West Pacific crab (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Goneplacoidea), with comments on the taxonomy of the Goneplacidae

FIGURE 9. Anterior part of thoracic sternum and male abdominal somites 5, 6 and telson. A, Vultocinus anfractus, new genus, new species, paratype male (cl 27.3 mm, cw 25.3 mm) (ZRC); B, "Goneplax" marivenae Komatsu & Takeda, 2004, male (cl 11.0 mm, cw 17.6 mm) (ZRC 2004.724); C, Carcinoplax spinosissima Rathbun, 1914, male (cl 24.0 mm, cw 29.1 mm) (ZRC 2001.535); D, Mathildella rubra Ng & Ho, 2003, male (cl 16.2 mm, cw 19.5 mm) (ZRC 2004.535); E, Intesius pilosus Guinot & Richer de Forges, 1981: male (cl 32.3 mm, cw 38.3 mm) (ZRC 2004.731); F, Platypilumnus gracilipes Alcock, 1894, male (cl 25.3 mm, cw 29.6 mm) (ZRC 2004.717); G, Progeryon mus Ng & Guinot, 1999, holotype male (cl 38.6 mm, cw 46.5 mm) (ZRC 1997.442); H, Conleyus defodio Ng & Ng, 2003, holotype male (cl 12.2 mm, cw 16.4 mm) (FLMNH). Abbreviations: t = telson, a4–6 = male abdominal somites 4 to 6 respectively, st4–7 = sternites 4 to 7 respectively.