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69 results for “Gossypium”
Herbarium specimen image of Gossypium L., part of the collection of Meise Botanic Garden
Part of a training dataset of scanned herbarium specimens. The data paper and a summary landing page will be published on Zenodo as it gets published.<br><br>Content of this deposition:<br><br>- A JSON-LD datafile listing the label data associated with this herbarium specimen. The Darwin and Dublin Core data standards are used for most values.<br>- A JPEG image file of the scanned herbarium sheet.<br>- A lossless TIFF image from which the JPEG image has been derived.
Figure 4 in Plant age, crop stage and surrounding habitats: their impact on sucking pests and predators complex in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) field plots in arid climate at district Layyah, Punjab, Pakistan
Figure 4. Means (±SE) number of sucking insect pests (jassid, thrips, whitefly) and predators (green lacewing, spider) in cotton field plots at three locations (five replications) with different surrounding habitats (sugarcane + sesame, monoculture, sesame) during cropping season of cotton from June 20 to September 18, 2018 at Layyah, Punjab, Pakistan.
Figure 3 in Plant age, crop stage and surrounding habitats: their impact on sucking pests and predators complex in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) field plots in arid climate at district Layyah, Punjab, Pakistan
Figure 3. Means (±SE) number of sucking insect pests (jassid, thrips, whitefly) and predators (green lacewing, spider) in cotton field plots at three locations (five replications) at different crop developmental stages (crop phenology) of cotton from June 20 to September 18, 2018 at Layyah, Punjab, Pakistan.
Figure 2 in Plant age, crop stage and surrounding habitats: their impact on sucking pests and predators complex in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) field plots in arid climate at district Layyah, Punjab, Pakistan
Figure 2. Means (±SE) number of sucking insect pests (jassid, thrips, whitefly) and predators (green lacewing, spider) in cotton field plots at three locations (five replications) during cropping season of cotton from June 20 to September 18, 2018 at Layyah, Punjab, Pakistan.
Figure 1 in Plant age, crop stage and surrounding habitats: their impact on sucking pests and predators complex in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) field plots in arid climate at district Layyah, Punjab, Pakistan
Figure 1. Percent numbers of sucking insect pests (jassid, thrips, whitefly) and predators (green lacewing, spider) in cotton field plots at three locations (five replications) during 2018 at Layyah, Punjab, Pakistan.
Figure 4 in Temporal variation and spatial distribution of the pest insect Edessa meditabunda in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) as an alternative host plant
Figure 4. Surface maps constructed based on Inverse Distance Weight (IDW) interpolation showing spatial distribution of nymphs + adults in cotton between 55 (A) 70 (B), 77 (C), 84 (D), 91 (E) days after emergence (DAE) and Sum of all Evaluations (F). Low density is represented in green while red indicates high density of E. meditabunda.
Figure 3 in Temporal variation and spatial distribution of the pest insect Edessa meditabunda in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) as an alternative host plant
Figure 3. Surface maps constructed based on Inverse Distance Weight (IDW) interpolation showing spatial distribution of adults in cotton between 55 (A) 70 (B), 77 (C), 84 (D), 91 (E) days after emergence (DAE) and Sum of all Evaluations (F). Low density is represented in green while red indicates high density of E. meditabunda.
Figure 1 in Temporal variation and spatial distribution of the pest insect Edessa meditabunda in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) as an alternative host plant
Figure 1 Temporal variation of Edessa meditabunda population in the alternative host plant Gossypium hirsutum (cotton) in experimental Field of Dourados, Brazil.
Effects of soil salinity on the expression of direct and indirect defences in wild cotton (Gossypium hirsutum)
<p>Previous studies have reported effects of abiotic factors on herbivore-induced plant defences based on effects on single plant traits. However, plants commonly express multiple defences simultaneously and these traits are often correlated. Thus, a fuller understanding of abiotic-context dependency in plant defence requires measuring multiple traits and addressing their patterns of correlated expression.</p> <p>We evaluated the effects of soil salinity on the induction of direct (phenolic compounds, gossypol gland density) and indirect (volatile organic compounds, extrafloral nectar) defensive traits in wild cotton (Gossypium hirsutum). We asked whether soil salinity affects the induction of these traits, and whether it shapes trait correlations potentially underlying salinity effects on trait induction. We conducted a factorial experiment with 16 cotton genotypes where we manipulated soil salinity and defence induction by applying artificial leaf damage (25% mechanical damage and caterpillar oral secretions) and measured defence levels at different time points post-damage.</p> <p>Leaf damage induced most traits except gossypol gland density, whereas salinity did not have a mean effect (across constitutive and induced levels) on any of the measured traits. Nonetheless, salinity prevented the induction of phenolic compounds (condensed and hydrolysable tannins), and also affected trait correlations. Specifically, phenolic compounds were negatively associated with nectar production only under salinized conditions, an apparent trade-off that presumably affects the induced levels of phenolic compounds. In addition, positive correlations between phenolic compounds and gland density and root biomass observed under control conditions were lost under salinized conditions.</p> <p>By investigating the effects of soil salinity on the expression of multiple direct and indirect defensive traits and their underlying correlations, these findings build toward a better understanding of how abiotic context-dependency shapes plant allocation to and expression of multiple defensive traits.</p>
A HKU5-related Coronavirus identified and assembled from Short-Read sequencing data of Gossypium Barbadense
<p>This is the complete annotated genome of the Merbecovirus identified from Gossypium Barbadense sequencing data, <a href="https://trace.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Traces/sra/?run=SRR5885860">SRR5885860</a></p>
Comparative transmission genetics of introgressed chromatin in reciprocal advanced backcross populations in Gossypium (cotton) polyploids
<p>Introgression is a potential source of valuable genetic variation and interspecific introgression lines are important resources for plant breeders to access novel alleles. Experimental advanced-generation backcross populations contain individuals with genomic compositions similar to those resulting from natural interspecific hybridization and provide opportunities to study the nature and transmission pattern of donor chromatin in recipient genomes. Here, we analyze transmission of donor chromatin in reciprocal backcrosses between <em>G. hirsutum</em> and <em>G. barbadense</em>. Across the genome, recurrent backcrossing in both backgrounds yielded donor chromatin at slightly higher frequencies than the Mendelian expectation in BC<sub>5</sub>F<sub>1</sub> plants, while the average frequency of donor alleles in BC<sub>5</sub>F<sub>2</sub> segregating families was less than expected. In the two subgenomes of polyploid cotton, the rate of donor chromatin introgression was similar. Although donor chromatin was tolerated over much of the recipient genomes, 21 regions recalcitrant to donor alleles were identified. Only limited correspondence is observed between the recalcitrant regions in the two backgrounds, suggesting the effect of species background on introgression of donor segments. Genetic breakdown was progressive, with floral abscission and seed inviability ongoing during backcrossing cycles. Regions of either high or low introgression tended to be in terminal chromosomal regions that are generally rich in both genes and crossover events, with long stretches around the centromere having limited crossover activity resulting in relatively constant low introgression frequencies. Constraints on fixation and selection of donor alleles highlights the challenges of utilizing introgression breeding in crop improvement.</p>
Effects of soil salinity on the expression of direct and indirect defences in wild cotton (Gossypium hirsutum)
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Comparative transmission genetics of introgressed chromatin in reciprocal advanced backcross populations in Gossypium (cotton) polyploids
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Networks of physiological adjustments and defenses, and their synergy with sodium (Na+) homeostasis explain the hidden variation for salinity tolerance across the cultivated Gossypium hirsutum germplasm
<p>The abilities to mobilize and/or sequester excess ions within and outside the plant cell are important components of salt-tolerance mechanisms. Mobilization and sequestration of Na<sup>+</sup> involves three transport systems facilitated by the plasma membrane H<sup>+</sup>/Na<sup>+</sup> antiporter (SOS1), vacuolar<i> </i>H<sup>+</sup>/Na<sup>+</sup> antiporter (NHX1), and Na<sup>+</sup>/K<sup>+</sup> transporter<i> </i>in vascular tissues (HKT1). Many of these mechanisms are conserved across the plant kingdom. While <i>Gossypium hirsutum</i> (upland cotton) is significantly more salt-tolerant relative to other crops, the critical factors contributing to the phenotypic variation hidden across the germplasm have not been fully unraveled. In this study, the spatio-temporal patterns of Na<sup>+</sup> accumulation along with other physiological and biochemical interactions were investigated at different severities of salinity across a meaningful genetic diversity panel across cultivated upland <i>Gossypium. </i>The aim was to define the importance of holistic or integrated effects relative to the direct effects of Na<sup>+</sup> homeostasis mechanisms mediated by <i>GhHKT1, GhSOS1,</i> and <i>GhNHX1. </i>Multi-dimensional physio-morphometric attributes were investigated in a systems-level context using univariate and multivariate statistics, <i>randomForest,</i> and path analysis. Results showed that mobilized or sequestered Na<sup>+</sup> contributes significantly to the baseline tolerance mechanisms. However, the observed variance in overall tolerance potential across a meaningful diversity panel were more significantly attributed to antioxidant capacity, maintenance of stomatal conductance, chlorophyll content, and divalent cation (Mg<sup>2+</sup>) contents other than Ca<sup>2+</sup> through a complex interaction with Na<sup>+</sup> homeostasis. The multi-tier macro-physiological, biochemical and molecular data generated in this study, and the networks of interactions uncovered strongly suggest that a complex physiological and biochemical synergy beyond the first-line-of defense (Na<sup>+</sup> sequestration and mobilization) accounts for the total phenotypic variance across the primary germplasm of <i>Gossypium hirsutum</i>. These findings are consistent with the recently proposed Omnigenic Theory for quantitative traits and should contribute to a modern look at phenotypic selection for salt tolerance in cotton breeding.</p>
Fig. 4 in Terpene chemotypes in Gossypium hirsutum (wild cotton) from the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico
Fig. 4. Monoterpene composition of the two proposed cotton chemotypes. (a) Scatterplot of the relative abundance of the pinene group (α-Pinene + β-Pinene) against the relative abundance of the summed values of the γ-Terpinene group. (b) Representative chromatograms of plants belonging to chemotype classes A (upper panel) and B (lower panel). 1: (E)-2-Hexenal; 2: 2,4-Hexadienal (E,E); 3: α-Thujene; 4: α-Pinene; 5: Camphene; 6: Sabinene; 7: β-Pinene; 8: β-Myrcene; 9: α-Phellandrene; 10: α-Terpinene; 11: p-Cymene; 12: Limonene; 13: β-Phellandrene; 14: β-Ocimene; 15: γ-Terpinene; 16: Terpinolene; 17: Bornyl acetate; 18: γ-Elemene; 19: β-Caryophyllene; 20: α-Humulene; 21: Bicyclogermacrene. (c) visualisation of proportion of monoterpene compounds from panel (b), for each chemotype class.
Fig. 1 in Terpene chemotypes in Gossypium hirsutum (wild cotton) from the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico
Fig. 1. Map showing locations of the wild Gossypium hirsutum populations from which seeds were collected along the Yucatan Peninsula.
Fig. 3 in Terpene chemotypes in Gossypium hirsutum (wild cotton) from the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico
Fig. 3. Theorised monoterpenoid biosynthesis pathway. Compounds highlighted in blue comprise the γ-terpinene compound group, those highlighted in grey comprise the α-pinene compound group. (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)
Fig. 5 in Terpene chemotypes in Gossypium hirsutum (wild cotton) from the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico
Fig. 5. Principal coordinate analysis on relative abundance of monoterpenes in plants grown from seed, showing samples separated based on their compositional similarity.
Fig. 6 in Terpene chemotypes in Gossypium hirsutum (wild cotton) from the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico
Fig. 6. Ridgeline plot showing the distribution of the summed values of the γ-terpinene compound group (γ-terpinene, limonene, α-thujene, α-terpinene, terpinolene, and p-cymene; as % relative to total monoterpenes in each plant). In order from top to bottom: the plots coloured red (Celestún) and orange (Sisal) are located at the west of the peninsula. The plot coloured yellow (Chicxulub) is in the centre, and the cream coloured plot (Coloradas) is located at the east of the peninsula. (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)
Fig. 2 in Terpene chemotypes in Gossypium hirsutum (wild cotton) from the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico
Fig. 2. Correlation analysis of all mono- and sesquiterpenes analysed in the wild Gossypium hirsutum plants. Red rectangles indicate highly supported groups of monoterpenes (approximately unbiased (AU) p <0.05). (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)
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