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Fig. 8 in On the Contents of Gracilinanus Gardner and Creighton, 1989, with the Description of a Previously Unrecognized Clade of Small Didelphid Marsupials

Fig. 8. Two views of seasonally flooded termite savannas near El Refugio in the Bolivian department of Santa Cruz (appendix 3, locality 13). Top: General aspect with grassdominated microhabitat (flooded to a depth of ca. 20 cm during the rainy season; Killeen, 1998) in foreground. Bottom: Closeup with ''tree islands'' (woody vegetation growing on emergent termite platforms) where two specimens of Cryptonanus unduaviensis were trapped in August 2001. Both photos courtesy of L.H. Emmons.

Fig. 6 in On the Contents of Gracilinanus Gardner and Creighton, 1989, with the Description of a Previously Unrecognized Clade of Small Didelphid Marsupials

Fig. 6. Strict consensus of 510 equally mostparsimonious trees discovered by a heuristic parsimony analysis of the combined (nonmolecular 1 IRBP) data with Chacodelphys omitted (see text). Only ingroup (didelphine) relationships are illustrated; ''caluromyine'' outgroups (Glironia venusta, Caluromysiops irrupta, Caluromys lanatus, C. philander) are not shown. Bremer support and bootstrap values are provided above and below each branch, respectively. See table 12 for other tree statistics.

Fig. 4 in On the Contents of Gracilinanus Gardner and Creighton, 1989, with the Description of a Previously Unrecognized Clade of Small Didelphid Marsupials

Fig. 4. Strict consensus of 1080 equally mostparsimonious trees discovered by a heuristic parsimony analysis of nonmolecular characters. Only ingroup (didelphine) relationships are illustrated; ''caluromyine'' outgroups (Glironia venusta, Caluromysiops irrupta, Caluromys lanatus, C. philander) are not shown. Bremer support and bootstrap values are provided above and below each branch, respectively. See table 12 for other tree statistics.

Fig. 5 in On the Contents of Gracilinanus Gardner and Creighton, 1989, with the Description of a Previously Unrecognized Clade of Small Didelphid Marsupials

Fig. 5. Strict consensus of 27 equally mostparsimonious trees discovered by a heuristic parsimony analysis of IRBP exon 1 sequence data. Only ingroup (didelphine) relationships are illustrated; ''caluromyine'' outgroups (Glironia venusta, Caluromysiops irrupta, Caluromys lanatus, C. philander) are not shown. Bremer support and bootstrap values are provided above and below each branch, respectively. See table 12 for other tree statistics.

Fig. 7 in On the Contents of Gracilinanus Gardner and Creighton, 1989, with the Description of a Previously Unrecognized Clade of Small Didelphid Marsupials

Fig. 7. Known collection localities of Cryptonanus based on specimens examined (v) and literature records (m). Localities based on specimens examined are keyed to numbered entries in the gazetteer (appendix 3). The following collection localities in Argentina are from Massoia and Fornes (1972): a, Formosa, Pozo del Tigre (248549S, 608199W; Paynter, 1995); b, Misiones, Río Uruguaí (258549S, 548369W; Paynter, 1995); c, Entre Ríos, Brazo Largo (338479S, 588369W; Paynter, 1995); d, Buenos Aires, Zárate (348069S, 598029W; Paynter, 1995); e, Buenos Aires, Campana (348109S, 588579W; Paynter, 1995).

Fig. 2 in On the Contents of Gracilinanus Gardner and Creighton, 1989, with the Description of a Previously Unrecognized Clade of Small Didelphid Marsupials

Fig. 2. Lateral cranial and mandibular views of Cryptonanus unduaviensis (A, AMNH 209152) and Gracilinanus agilis (B, MVZ 197437) illustrating generic differences discussed in the text.

Fig. 3 in On the Contents of Gracilinanus Gardner and Creighton, 1989, with the Description of a Previously Unrecognized Clade of Small Didelphid Marsupials

Fig. 3. Labial views of C1–P3 in Cryptonanus chacoensis (A, UMMZ 126105) and Gracilinanus agilis (B, UMMZ 134005) illustrating generic differences in the occurrence of accessory canine cusps and in the relative heights of P2 versus P3 (see text).

Fig. 1 in On the Contents of Gracilinanus Gardner and Creighton, 1989, with the Description of a Previously Unrecognized Clade of Small Didelphid Marsupials

Fig. 1. Dorsal and ventral cranial views of Cryptonanus unduaviensis (A, B, AMNH 209152) and Gracilinanus agilis (C, D, MVZ 197437) illustrating generic differences discussed in the text.

FIGURE 14 in Geographic variation, phylogeny and systematic status of Gracilinanus microtarsus (Mammalia: Didelphimorphia: Didelphidae)

FIGURE 14. Dorsal (above) and ventral (below) cranial views of "small microtarsus" (left, MZUSP 29164, male, age class 5), "large microtarsus" (middle, UFMG 2536, male, age class 6), and "ehrhardti" (right, MNHCI 4322, male, age class 5). Scale = 5 mm.

FIGURE 13 in Geographic variation, phylogeny and systematic status of Gracilinanus microtarsus (Mammalia: Didelphimorphia: Didelphidae)

FIGURE 13. Dorsal and ventral cranial views (above), and lateral cranial and mandibular lateral views (below) in Gracilinanus microtarsus ("large microtarsus", male, age class 6) (UFMG 2536). Scale = 5 mm.

FIGURE 12 in Geographic variation, phylogeny and systematic status of Gracilinanus microtarsus (Mammalia: Didelphimorphia: Didelphidae)

FIGURE 12. Dorsal and ventral views of skins of Gracilinanus microtarsus. A and C, MZUSP 29159 ("small microtarsus", male, age class 5), B and D, UFMG 2536 ("large microtarsus", male, age class 6. Scale = 10 mm.

FIGURE 11 in Geographic variation, phylogeny and systematic status of Gracilinanus microtarsus (Mammalia: Didelphimorphia: Didelphidae)

FIGURE 11. Map of eastern Brazil showing known records of Gracilinanus microtarsus based on specimens examined. Localities are keyed to numbered entries in the Appendix. The symbols represent: (●) "small microtarsus", (․) "large microtarsus" and (˔) "ehrhardti".

FIGURE 10 in Geographic variation, phylogeny and systematic status of Gracilinanus microtarsus (Mammalia: Didelphimorphia: Didelphidae)

FIGURE 10. Comparison between morphological, molecular and combined results. Maximum likelihood was performed only to molecular data. Observe paraphyly present in "small microtarsus", group present on both "MG" and "RJ/SP" clades in the molecular phylogeny. The paraphyly in the "RJ/SP" clade is depicted in the dashed outline on the map and the symbols represent samples with molecular data. The symbols are: (●) "small microtarsus", (․) "large microtarsus" and (˔) "ehrhardti".

FIGURE 9. A–B in Geographic variation, phylogeny and systematic status of Gracilinanus microtarsus (Mammalia: Didelphimorphia: Didelphidae)

FIGURE 9. A–B Bivariate plot of the first (PC-1) versus second (PC-2) principal component for adult males (A) and females (B) of Gracilinanus microtarsus based on 20 cranial variables. The inset shows the projection of variables on PC-1 and PC-2. C–D Bivariate plots of discriminant scores for the first (DF-1) and second (DF-2) axes in comparisons among adult males (C) and females (D) of Gracilinanus microtarsus based on 20 cranial variables. The symbols represent: (●) "small microtarsus", (․) "large microtarsus" and (˔) "ehrhardti".

FIGURE 8. Maximum likelihood tree showing the relationships among partial cytochrome b in Geographic variation, phylogeny and systematic status of Gracilinanus microtarsus (Mammalia: Didelphimorphia: Didelphidae)

FIGURE 8. Maximum likelihood tree showing the relationships among partial cytochrome b sequences of Gracilinanus spp. Bootstrap support and Bayesian posterior probabilities based on molecular dataset are provided above each branch. Bayesian posterior probabilities based on the combined (morphological + molecular) dataset is provided below each branch. The numbers beside the localities correspond to the same numbers shown on the map (Figure 11). The symbols represent: (●) "small microtarsus", (․) "large microtarsus" and (˔) "ehrhardti".

FIGURE 6 in Geographic variation, phylogeny and systematic status of Gracilinanus microtarsus (Mammalia: Didelphimorphia: Didelphidae)

FIGURE 6. Strict consensus of ten most-parsimonious trees based on analysis of morphological characters showing the monophyly of G. microtarsus and G. agilis, and the relationships among phenotypes. Bootstrap support and Bayesian posterior probabilities are provided above each branch. The symbols represent: (●) "small microtarsus", (․) "large microtarsus" and (˔) "ehrhardti".

FIGURE 2 in Geographic variation, phylogeny and systematic status of Gracilinanus microtarsus (Mammalia: Didelphimorphia: Didelphidae)

FIGURE 2. Dorsal, ventral, and lateral views of the skull and lateral view of the mandible of Gracilinanus microtarsus, showing the measurements cited in the text.

FIGURE 1 in Geographic variation, phylogeny and systematic status of Gracilinanus microtarsus (Mammalia: Didelphimorphia: Didelphidae)

FIGURE 1. Occlusal surface of the right upper molar series showing dental age classes 2 to 7. A. Age class 2: third premolar deciduous (dP3) and M2 erupted; B. Age class 3: dP3 deciduous and M3 erupted; C. Age class 4: dP3 deciduous or P3 starting to erupt and M4 erupted; D. Age class 5: third premolar permanent completely erupted (P3) and all molars functional; E. Age class 6: P3, M1 and M2 show wear; F. Age class 7: P3 and all four molars show wear. The wear on age classes 6 and 7 is indicated by arrows.

FIGURE 4. A–C in Geographic variation, phylogeny and systematic status of Gracilinanus microtarsus (Mammalia: Didelphimorphia: Didelphidae)

FIGURE 4. A–C Dorsal cranial view of Cryptonanus (A, MHNCI 4841), G. microtarsus ("small microtarsus") (B, MZUSP 29164) and G. microtarsus ("large microtarsus") (C, UFMG 2536) showing taxonomic differences on temporal margin and interorbital region in adult males. Scale = 5 mm; D–E Dorsal cranial views in "small microtarsus" (D, MZUSP 29164) and "large microtarsus" (E, UFMG 2535) showing the shape of interorbital region in adult males. Scale = 5 mm; F–G Ventral midcranial view in G. agilis (H, UFMG 2497) and G. microtarsus (I, UFMG 2536), showing taxonomic differences on size of posterolateral palatal foramen (plfp) in relation to palatine fenestrae (p) in adult males. Scale = 1 mm; H–I Ventral anterior cranial view in "small microtarsus" (F, UFMG 1166) and "ehrhardti" (G, MNHCI 6287) showing differences on size of incisive foramen in relation to canines. Scale = 1 mm.

FIGURE 3 in Geographic variation, phylogeny and systematic status of Gracilinanus microtarsus (Mammalia: Didelphimorphia: Didelphidae)

FIGURE 3. Ventral body pelage in G. agilis ("midwest", A, UFMG 2497) and G. microtarsus ("large microtarsus", B, UFMG 2535) exhibiting differences in arm and pectoral fur color. Scale = 10 mm.