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8 results for “Grain-size”
Grain-size data from the loess profiles Ostrau and Gleina in Saxony (Germany)
<p><strong>Grain-size data from the loess profiles Ostrau and Gleina in Saxony (Germany)</strong></p> <p>The samples were taken between 2009 and 2010 in the framework of the DFG project <a href="https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/46526743"><em>"Rekonstruktion der Umweltbedingungen des Spätpleistozäns in Mittelsachsen anhand von Löss-Paläobodensequenze</em>n" (DFG FU 417/7-1 and FA 239/13-1</a>) from the loess records Ostrau and Gleina. Both located in the Saxonian-Loess-Region in Germany. For further details on the project profiles (with further references therein), we refer to Meszner et al. (2011,2013), Kreutzer et al. (2012), Meszner (2015) and Zech et al. (2017). </p> <p>Samples for the data reported here were selected in 2015. 212 samples were taken from the loess profile Ostrau and 269 samples from the loess profile Gleina. Full details on sampling and sample preparation can be found in the Grassl (2016) (unpublished master thesis in Germany, available upon request). The most relevant details are extracted below. </p> <p><strong>Preparation and measurements</strong></p> <p>Sample preparation and measurements were carried out at the GFZ in Potsdam (Germany). Thirty-nine samples from the profile Ostrau were separated into eight equal parts to obtain representative samples. The samples were labeled with "G" for Gleina and "O" for Ostrau. All other samples were sampled without applying this separation method. <br> For samples from the profile Ostrau, the suffix "mT" (with separation) and "oT" (without separation) indicates whether this <br> separation method was used. </p> <p>The samples were treated with HCl (10 %, 12 h to 20 h) and rinsed in the demineralized water. To suspend the samples, NO<sub>3</sub>P0<sub>4</sub> was used on twelve pars of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>. </p> <p>A <em>Retch Laser Scattering Particle Size Distribution Analyzer (HORIBA LA- 950)</em> was used for the grain-size measurements. Details <br> on the settings are reported separately in each file.</p> <p><br> <strong>The data in the repository </strong></p> <p>Grainsize_data.zip This folder contains 4,853 ASCII TXT-files with the raw granulometric data. Filenames are unique timestamps (measurement date and time in the format <em>YYYYMMDDHHMMSS</em> CET). Each file comes with a header with relevant metadata and the measurement data. The metadata also contains the sample name, e.g., <em>O_55_oT</em> reads "O" for Ostrau, "55" sampling depth in cm, and "oT" for "ohne Teiler" (without separator, while "mT", "mit Teiler" would stand for with separator). For files for the profile Gleina, a "G" is used followed by the sampling depth range (two numbers, e.g., <em>G_380_382</em>) in cm. </p> <p>The files <em>Gleina_depth.txt</em>, <em>Ostrau02_depth.txt</em>, and <em>Ostrau03_depth.txt</em> allow a correlation with the profiles graphs published in Meszner (2015). </p> <p><br> <strong>References</strong></p> <p>Grassl, W., 2016. End-Member-Modellierungsanalyse an hochauflösenden Korngrößen der Lössprofile Ostrau und Gleina, Lommatzscher Pflege, Sachsen. unpublished Master thesis, TU Dresden.</p> <p>Kreutzer, S., Fuchs, M., Meszner, S., Faust, D., 2012. OSL chronostratigraphy of a loess-palaeosol sequence in Saxony/Germany using quartz of different grain sizes. Quaternary Geochronology 10, 102–109. doi:10.1016/j.quageo.2012.01.004</p> <p>Meszner, S., Fuchs, M., Faust, D., 2011. Loess-Paleosol-Sequences from the loess area of Saxony (Germany). E & G, Quaternary Science Journal 60, 47–65.</p> <p>Meszner, S., 2015. Loess from Saxony. A reconstruction of the Late Pleistocene landscape evolution and palaeoenvironment based on loess-palaeosol sequences from Saxony (Germany). Dresden. PhD thesis. TU Dresden. </p> <p>Meszner, S., Kreutzer, S., Fuchs, M., Faust, D., 2013. Late Pleistocene landscape dynamics in Saxony, Germany: Paleoenvironmental reconstruction using loess-paleosol sequences. Quaternary International 296, 95–107. doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2012.12.040</p> <p>Zech, M., Kreutzer, S., Zech, R., Goslar, T., Meszner, S., McIntyre, C., Häggi, C., Eglinton, T., Faust, D., Fuchs, M., 2017. Comparative 14C and OSL dating of loess-paleosol sequences to evaluate post-depositional contamination of n-alkane biomarkers. Quaternary Research 87, 180–189. doi:10.1017/qua.2016.7</p>
ChRM and grain-size data of deep-sea sediments in the Central Philippine Sea
<p>The Philippine Sea is a typical region of eolian dust reposition and is located within the Western Pacific Warm Pool. Here, we use the paleo-magnetic stratigraphy and the grain-size distributions of Quaternary abyssal deposits in the Central Philippine Sea to investigate the factors controlling regional sedimentary and paleoenvironmental changes. Our principal results are as follows: (1) A reliable geochronologic framework for Quaternary sediments in the Central Philippine Sea is established. (2) An eastward expansion of the regional depocenter in the Middle Pleistocene is observed. (3) The mean grain size of the abyssal sediments is 7–8 μm, and there are only minor differences between the sites. Comparison of the geochronological framework with various paleoenvironmental events during the Mid-Pleistocene Transition shows that sedimentary processes can be correlated to a major transition in global climate which affected regions from the Asian interior to the tropical Pacific, and that changes in aeolian sedimentation are likely the predominant factor responsible. A derived grain-size proxy of the sedimentary dynamics and its comparison with various paleoenvironmental proxies show that the relative contributions are roughly estimated as 23%, 9%, and 68% for aeolian inputs, oceanic circulation, and the tropical Pacific zonal SST gradient, respectively in the studied region. The relative importance of tropical processes in abyssal sedimentary dynamics highlights the possibility of the long-term influence of (sub)mesoscale eddies in the upper ocean, via regional upwelling and unique submarine topography, on the deepest part (>5000 m) of the Central Philippine Sea, from meteorological to geological timescales.</p>
Frictional Properties of Opalinus Clay: Influence of Humidity, Normal Stress and Grain-size on Frictional Stability
<p>We designed frictional experiments to characterize the effect exerted by humidity, grain size and normal stress on frictional behaviour of the Opalinus clay fault gouge. We explored a wide range of normal stresses, ranging from 5 to 70 MPa performing velocity up-steps from 1 to 300 μm/s and slide-hold-slide from 1 to 3000s. Our experiments confirms that the OPA clay is weak, with friction coefficients at steady-state of ~0.35 and ~0.41, for 100% RH and 25% RH experiments, respectively. The OPA clay is velocity strengthening over the entire range of applied normal stress. We observe a direct relationship between frictional parameter <em>(a-b)</em> and slip velocity up to 35 MPa where, from there on, <em>(a-b)</em> parameter seems to be velocity independent. As evidenced by the microstructural analysis, we suggest that this behaviour is due to the progressive transition with normal stress, from strain localization and grain size reduction to distributed deformation on well-developed phyllosilicate networks. The amount of relative humidity does not affect deformation mechanisms (i.e. localized or distributed), whereas decreases fault strength and increases fault stability. We hypothesize that this is due to a possible interplay of OPA clay swelling and lubrication, caused by the weakening of chemical bonds between phyllosilicate foliae. Notably, the initial grain size (< 63 µm or 63 < g.s. < 125 µm) does not affect either the frictional strength or stability, with similar values of dilation upon velocity up-step. Collectively, our mechanical and microstructural observations have allowed us to build a conceptual model that summarizes the main mechanical features of the OPA clay fault gouge. In the context of deep geological repositories (DGR), our results confirm that slow aseismic slip is the most likely slip behaviour for a fault gouge hosted in the OPA clay, with similar mineralogical composition and clay fabric as our samples. Beyond the context of deep geological repositories, this study has also implications for carbon capture and geological storage in the deep subsurface. Indeed, OPA has the characteristics of a low permeability caprock, but faulted, and the integrity of a sealing caprock overlying a storage reservoir can evolve after fault reactivation, potentially generating undesired seismicity and new hydraulic pathways.</p> <p>The data are uploaded are structured as follow:</p> <p>1) A .txt file of the datafile that is recorded from the machine (raw data)</p> <p>2) A file in .txt format containing the elaborated data (data_rp) </p> <p>The data are analyzed using rawPy that can be found at <a href="https://github.com/marcoscuderi/rawPy">https://github.com/marcoscuderi/rawPy</a></p> <p>For any additional information please do not hesitate to contact the corresponding author Nico Bigaroni at nico.bigaroni@uniroma1.it</p> <p> </p>
Supporting data tables and Python scripts for the paper: "Multi Grain-Size Total Sediment Load Model Based on the Disequilibrium Length"
<p>This repository contains all the data tables and Python scripts necessary to generate the results presented in Le Minor et al. (2022): "Multi Grain-Size Total Sediment Load Model Based on the Disequilibrium Length".</p>
Grain-size control on detrital zircon cycloprovenance in the late Paleozoic Paradox and Eagle basins, USA
<p>Detrital zircon U-Pb and grain size data for JGR: Solid Earth: "Grain size control on detrital zircon cycloprovenance in the late Paleozoic Paradox and Eagle basins, USA" by Ryan J. Leary, M. Elliot Smith, and Paul Umhoefer. </p>
Field Observations (2018; 2021), Grain-Size Measurements, and Componentry of the Cleetwood Eruption of Mount Mazama
<p>This dataset accompanies the paper "Using Eruption Source Parameters and High-Resolution Grain-Size Distributions of the 7.7 ka Cleetwood Eruption of Mount Mazama to Reveal Primary and Secondary Eruptive Processes".</p>
Field Observations (2018; 2021), Grain-Size Measurements, and Componentry of the Cleetwood Eruption of Mount Mazama
<p>This dataset accompanies the paper "Combining Eruption Source Parameters and High-Resolution Grain-Size Distributions of the 7.7 ka Cleetwood Eruption of Mount Mazama to Reveal Primary and Secondary Eruptive Processes".</p> <p>Version 2 includes High-resolution grain-size distributions spreadsheet (Cltwd_GSDs.xlsx)</p> <p>Wiejaczka and Giachetti, 2022</p>
Mixed eolian–longshore sediment transport in the late Paleozoic Arizona shelf and Pedregosa basin, USA: a case study in grain-size analysis of detrital-zircon datasets
<p>Detrital zircon and zircon grain size for "Mixed eolian–longshore sediment transport in the late Paleozoic Arizona shelf and Pedregosa basin, USA: a case study in grain-size analysis of detrital-zircon datasets" published in JSR. </p>
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