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8 results for “Grand Teton National Park”
Young forests and fire: Using lidar-imagery fusion to explore fuels and burn severity in a subalpine forest reburn, Grand Teton National Park, Wyoming.
Anticipating fire behavior as climate change and fire activity accelerate is an increasingly pressing management challenge in fire-prone landscapes. In subalpine forests adapted to infrequent, stand-replacing fire, self-limitation of burn severity in short-interval fire is incompletely understood. Spatially explicit fuels data can support assessments of landscape-scale fire risk and fuels feedbacks on burn severity. For a about 1,450 km2 largely forested landscape in the US Northern Rocky Mountains, we used airborne lidar and imagery to predict and map canopy and surface fuels. In a fire that burned mature ( greater than 125-year-old) and also reburned young (~30-year-old) subalpine forest, we then asked: (1) How do pre-fire fuels and burn severity compare between young and mature forests that burned under similar fire weather conditions? (2) How well do pre-fire fuels and forest structure predict burn severity under extreme versus moderate fire weather? Lidar-imagery fusion predicted fuel characteristics with high accuracy across forest and shrubland vegetation (R2 from 0.65-0.95). Young post-fire forests had abundant, densely packed canopy fuels, and both young and mature forests had similar canopy fuel loads and coarse wood biomass. Under similar weather conditions, young and mature forests burned at similar severity. Overall, fuels were weak predictors of burn severity and, surprisingly, better predicted severity under extreme (R2LMM(m) = 0.27) rather than moderate (R2LMM(m) = 0.15) fire weather. Our findings are relevant for subalpine landscapes increasingly dominated by young lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta var. latifolia) forests vulnerable to short-interval fire and provide a benchmark to assess how fuels influence burn severity in future fires. Fire managers should continually reassess fuels and update expectations about fire behavior as landscapes change. Although recovering post-fire forests can limit fire spread and severity for a period of time, our resu
Conifer seed delivery after the Berry Fire Grand Teton National Park, USA, 2018
These data were collected by NS Gill, TJ Hoecker, and MG Turner in Grand Teton National Park from July-October 2018. The dataset represents seed delivery and surrounding forest structure and demographics following the 2016 Berry Fire, used to examine the relationship between fire regime change and conifer seed delivery in Pinus contorta var. latifolia forests. Stand structure and cone abundance were quantified at 21 sites positioned at the edges of the burned area in 50-m transects. Seed delivery was measured in seed traps placed at distance intervals running out to 100 m into burned patches from the live forest edge over a period of three months. Pinus contorta, Picea engelmannii, and Abies lasiocarpa seeds were collected. Five meteorological stations were deployed throughout the study area. Wind speed and direction data were attributed to transects from the nearest of these deployed meteorological stations.
Can wildland fire management alter 21st-century subalpine fire and forests in Grand Teton National Park, Wyoming, USA
In subalpine forests of the western United States that historically experienced infrequent, high-severity fire, whether fire management can shape 21st-century fire regimes and forest dynamics to meet natural resource objectives is not known. Managed wildfire use (i.e., allowing lightning-ignited fires to burn when risk is low instead of suppressing them) is one approach for maintaining natural fire regimes and fostering mosaics of forest structure, stand age, and tree-species composition, while protecting people and property. However, little guidance exists for where and when this strategy may be effective with climate change. We simulated most of the contiguous forest in Grand Teton National Park, WY to ask: (1) How would subalpine fires and forest structure be different if fires had not been suppressed during the last three decades? (2) What is the relative influence of climate change versus fire management strategy on future fire and forests? We contrasted fire and forests from 1989-2098 under two fire management scenarios (managed wildfire use and fire suppression), two general circulation models (CNRM-CM5 and GFDL-ESM2M), and two representative concentration pathways (8.5 and 4.5). We found little difference between management scenarios in the number, size, or severity of fires during the last three decades. With 21st-century warming, fire activity increased rapidly, particularly after 2050, and followed nearly identical trajectories in both management scenarios. Area burned per year between 2018-2099 was 1,700% greater than in the last three decades (1989-2017). Large areas of forest were abruptly lost; only 65% of the original 40,178 ha of forest remained by 2098. However, forests stayed connected and fuels were abundant enough to support profound increases in burning through this century. Our results indicate that strategies emphasizing managed wildfire use, rather than suppression, will not alter climate-induced changes to fire and forests in subalpine land
Figure 4 in Macroinvertebrate richness is lower in high-elevation lakes vs nearby streams: evidence from Grand Teton National Park, Wyoming
Figure 4. Two-dimensional non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) plots comparing mountain lakes and stream invertebrate assemblages in Grand Teton National Park, Wyoming. (a) NMDS comparison of the six lake sites included in this study and 15 sites along five nearby streams included in Tronstadet al. (2016). (b) NMDS comparison of the same six lakes and only the five highest elevation stream sites from Tronstadet al. (2016). Circles indicate individual taxa. Ordinations were calculated using Bray-Curtis dissimilarities.
Figure 3 in Macroinvertebrate richness is lower in high-elevation lakes vs nearby streams: evidence from Grand Teton National Park, Wyoming
Figure 3. Principal component (PC) analyses comparing (a) six lakes in Grand Teton National Park for 11 environmental variables (excluding date; Table 1) and (b) for the same six lakes and the five highest elevation stream sites included in Tronstadet al. (2016). Stream sites are in bold and italics (Death Creek, DCU; Granite Creek, GCU; Cascade Creek, CCU; Owl Creek, OCU; and Moose Creek, MCU). Environmental variables used for the stream vs lake comparison are included in Supplementary Table 2. Abbreviations: ORP, oxidation-reduction potential; SPC, specific conductivity.
Figure 1 in Macroinvertebrate richness is lower in high-elevation lakes vs nearby streams: evidence from Grand Teton National Park, Wyoming
Figure 1. Lakes (white circles) in Grand Teton National Park, Wyoming, USA, sampled for this study. Black squares indicate nearby stream sites described in Tronstad et al. (2016).
Data for: Ancient sedimentary DNA shows more than 5000 years of continuous beaver occupancy in Grand Teton National Park
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Figure 2. A in Macroinvertebrate richness is lower in high-elevation lakes vs nearby streams: evidence from Grand Teton National Park, Wyoming
Figure 2. A two-dimensional non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) plot of taxon occurrence and abundance in six mountain lakes of Grand Teton National Park, Wyoming. Circles indicate individual taxa. Ordinations were calculated using Bray-Curtis dissimilarities. Unnamed Owl Lake was dry at the time of sampling.
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