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Figure 4 from: Knoblauch A, Gander A (2019) Distribution of a residual population of the Dytiscid Graphoderus bilineatus (de Geer, 1774) in the Grande Cariçaie nature reserves, Switzerland. Alpine Entomology 3: 83-91. https://doi.org/10.3897/alpento.3.30417

Figure 4 Stations in which Graphoderusbilineatus (yellow), G.cinereus (red) and G.zonatus (blue) were captured: A) in the Motte reserve and B) in the Ostende reserve in 2018. The dotted lines represent the reserve boundaries and the grey points the sampled stations in which no Graphoderus were captured. Background picture obtained from the Swiss Federal Office of Topography swisstopo.

Figure 3 from: Knoblauch A, Gander A (2019) Distribution of a residual population of the Dytiscid Graphoderus bilineatus (de Geer, 1774) in the Grande Cariçaie nature reserves, Switzerland. Alpine Entomology 3: 83-91. https://doi.org/10.3897/alpento.3.30417

Figure 3 Stations in which Graphoderusbilineatus was captured in the Motte reserve in 2014 (green) and in 2018 (yellow). The dotted lines represent the reserve boundaries and the grey points the sampled stations (2018) in which no Graphoderusbilineatus were captured. Background picture obtained from the Swiss Federal Office of Topography swisstopo.

Figure 1 from: Knoblauch A, Gander A (2019) Distribution of a residual population of the Dytiscid Graphoderus bilineatus (de Geer, 1774) in the Grande Cariçaie nature reserves, Switzerland. Alpine Entomology 3: 83-91. https://doi.org/10.3897/alpento.3.30417

Figure 1 Graphoderusbilineatus. Copyright: Yerpo [CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0)], from Wikimedia Commons.

Figure 5 from: Knoblauch A, Gander A (2019) Distribution of a residual population of the Dytiscid Graphoderus bilineatus (de Geer, 1774) in the Grande Cariçaie nature reserves, Switzerland. Alpine Entomology 3: 83-91. https://doi.org/10.3897/alpento.3.30417

Figure 5 Principal component (PC) for habitat depth, helophyte cover and hydrophyte cover for G.bilineatus (green) and G.cinereus (blue). The first principal component (PC1) explains 59% of the variance. The first two components (PC1 and PC2) explain 81% of the total variance. While factor loads of habitat depth, helophyte cover and hydrophyte cover for PC1 are similar, helophyte cover and depth strongly negatively influence PC2. Circles represent 95% probability ellipses.

Figure 2 from: Knoblauch A, Gander A (2019) Distribution of a residual population of the Dytiscid Graphoderus bilineatus (de Geer, 1774) in the Grande Cariçaie nature reserves, Switzerland. Alpine Entomology 3: 83-91. https://doi.org/10.3897/alpento.3.30417

Figure 2 Location of the sampling stations in the Grande Cariçaie nature reserves, on the south eastern shore of Lake Neuchâtel. We sampled seven reserves in 2018 (delimited in brown polygons): 1) Grèves de Cheseaux, 2) Baie d'Yvonand, 3) Cheyres, 4) Grèves de la Corbière et de Chevroux, 5) Grèves d'Ostende et de Chevroux, 6) Grèves de la Motte and 7) Cudrefin. The orange points represent the sampled stations (N = 101 stations). Background picture obtained from the Swiss Federal Office of Topography swisstopo.

Figure 9 from: Holmgren S, Angus R, Jia F, Chen Z-n, Bergsten J (2016) Resolving the taxonomic conundrum in Graphoderus of the east Palearctic with a key to all species (Coleoptera, Dytiscidae). ZooKeys 574: 113-142. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.574.7002

Figure 9 - Habitus photographs of all Graphoderus species in dorsal view. a Graphoderus adamsii b Graphoderus austriacus c Graphoderus bieneri d Graphoderus bilineatus e Graphoderus cinereus f Graphoderus elatus g Graphoderus fascicollis h Graphoderus liberus i Graphoderus manitobensis j Graphoderus occidentalis k Graphoderus perplexus l Graphoderus zonatus.

Figure 8 from: Holmgren S, Angus R, Jia F, Chen Z-n, Bergsten J (2016) Resolving the taxonomic conundrum in Graphoderus of the east Palearctic with a key to all species (Coleoptera, Dytiscidae). ZooKeys 574: 113-142. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.574.7002

Figure 8 - Distribution map of Graphoderus elatus based on examined specimens. The lectotype is imprecisely marked in former Amur Region.

Figure 7 from: Holmgren S, Angus R, Jia F, Chen Z-n, Bergsten J (2016) Resolving the taxonomic conundrum in Graphoderus of the east Palearctic with a key to all species (Coleoptera, Dytiscidae). ZooKeys 574: 113-142. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.574.7002

Figure 7 - The designated lectotype for Graphoderus elatus Sharp, 1882 (BMNH). a head and pronotum (2.1 mm long, maximum width 6.5 mm) in dorsal view b ventral view (body length 14.0 mm) c penis in dorsal view (2.8 mm, long 0.55 mm width) d penis in lateral view e central penis lobe with concave dorsal margin f entire genitalia with parameres surrounding the penis g lappets of aedeagal ring.

Figure 6 from: Holmgren S, Angus R, Jia F, Chen Z-n, Bergsten J (2016) Resolving the taxonomic conundrum in Graphoderus of the east Palearctic with a key to all species (Coleoptera, Dytiscidae). ZooKeys 574: 113-142. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.574.7002

Figure 6 - Adhesive discs on pro- (a, c) and mesotarsus (b, d). a–b Graphoderus perplexus c–d Graphoderus elatus.

Figure 5 from: Holmgren S, Angus R, Jia F, Chen Z-n, Bergsten J (2016) Resolving the taxonomic conundrum in Graphoderus of the east Palearctic with a key to all species (Coleoptera, Dytiscidae). ZooKeys 574: 113-142. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.574.7002

Figure 5 - Boxplots with the variation in number of adhesive pro- (a) and mesotarsal (b) discs. Number of adhesive discs for Graphoderus elatus and Graphoderus perplexus, the box represents median ± 25% and whiskers show minimum and maximum numbers.

Figure 4 from: Holmgren S, Angus R, Jia F, Chen Z-n, Bergsten J (2016) Resolving the taxonomic conundrum in Graphoderus of the east Palearctic with a key to all species (Coleoptera, Dytiscidae). ZooKeys 574: 113-142. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.574.7002

Figure 4 - Boxplots with the variation in PL/TL (a) and PW/PL (b). Ratios for Graphoderus elatus and Graphoderus perplexus in penis length over total body length (PL/TL) and penis width over penis length (PW/PL), the box represents median ± 25% and whiskers show minimum and maximum values.

Figure 10 from: Holmgren S, Angus R, Jia F, Chen Z-n, Bergsten J (2016) Resolving the taxonomic conundrum in Graphoderus of the east Palearctic with a key to all species (Coleoptera, Dytiscidae). ZooKeys 574: 113-142. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.574.7002

Figure 10 - Ventral view showing the epipleural width. a–b Graphoderus zonatus c–e Graphoderus perplexus and f–h Graphoderus elatus. Specimens from Sweden (a), France (b), USA (c Lectotype of Graphoderus perplexus), Canada, Quebec (d), Red River Am. Bor. (e paralectotype of Graphoderus elatus), Amurland Russia (f Lectotype Graphoderus elatus), Gangca China (g), "Manchuria" Weymarn coll. (h). The species differ in the epipleural width especially at level of abdominal ventrites I-III.

Figure 3 from: Holmgren S, Angus R, Jia F, Chen Z-n, Bergsten J (2016) Resolving the taxonomic conundrum in Graphoderus of the east Palearctic with a key to all species (Coleoptera, Dytiscidae). ZooKeys 574: 113-142. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.574.7002

Figure 3 - Female dimorphism in Graphoderus zonatus (a–b) and Graphoderus elatus (c–d). a, c granulated female elytra b, d smooth female elytra.

Figure 2 from: Holmgren S, Angus R, Jia F, Chen Z-n, Bergsten J (2016) Resolving the taxonomic conundrum in Graphoderus of the east Palearctic with a key to all species (Coleoptera, Dytiscidae). ZooKeys 574: 113-142. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.574.7002

Figure 2 - Genitalia in dorsal view (photo), with detailed lateral view of penis apex (line drawing) of all Graphoderus species. a–b Graphoderus adamsii c–d Graphoderus austriacus e–f Graphoderus bieneri g–h Graphoderus bilineatus i–j Graphoderus cinereus k–l Graphoderus elatus [dorsal view, processed by E. Binkiewicz] m–n Graphoderus fascicollis o–p Graphoderus liberus q–r Graphoderus manitobensis s–t Graphoderus occidentalis u–v Graphoderus perplexus [dorsal view, processed by E. Binkiewicz] w–x Graphoderus zonatus.

Figure 1 from: Holmgren S, Angus R, Jia F, Chen Z-n, Bergsten J (2016) Resolving the taxonomic conundrum in Graphoderus of the east Palearctic with a key to all species (Coleoptera, Dytiscidae). ZooKeys 574: 113-142. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.574.7002

Figure 1 - Explanations of measurements for penis (a) and body (b). PW = penis width, PL = penis length, PCLL = penis central lobe length, PLLL = penis lateral lobe length, PCLWb = penis central lobe width at base and PCLWt = penis central lobe width at level of lateral lobe apex, TL = total body length, EL = elytral length, MEW = maximum elytral width, PrL = pronotal length and PrWb = pronotal width at base.

Figure 11 from: Holmgren S, Angus R, Jia F, Chen Z-n, Bergsten J (2016) Resolving the taxonomic conundrum in Graphoderus of the east Palearctic with a key to all species (Coleoptera, Dytiscidae). ZooKeys 574: 113-142. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.574.7002

Figure 11 - Ventral view showing meso- and metathorax of Graphoderus bieneri (a) and Graphoderus cinereus (b). To indicate the relative distances between the mesocoxae (1) and the meso- and metacoxae (2).