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156 results for “Great Basin”
University of Oregon Great Basin Vegetation Cover Study, Southeastern Oregon, 2023.
This data package contains qualitative and quantitative environmental and vegetation survey data used to investigate connections between cattle grazing intensity and vegetation cover in the Great Basin region of Eastern Oregon. The experimental design utilized a piosphere approach to select plots of different grazing intensity in pastures stratified by recent burn history. Surveys were completed in 340 plots around 43 water sources in the summer of 2023. Surveys consisted of recording site characteristics (e.g. slope, aspect, human impacts) as well as measuring plant species cover, cattle and other ungulate dung counts, biocrust development, and soil stability and texture. Plants were generally identified to species where possible, allowing for comparisons between species as well as identification of trends among functional groups (shrubs, annual grasses, perennial grasses, annual forbs, perennial forbs, trees).
Dataset used for the analysis described in "Spatial patterns and controls on wind erosion in the Great Basin"
<p>This data set contains AERO model outputs and associated Bureau of Land Management Assessment, Inventory, and Monitoring calculated values for functional plant group cover estimates for monitoring plots across the Great Basin. Versrion 2 (V2) includes MLRA number and sampling year column ("sample_yr") that were omitted in previous version.</p>
Supplementary data - Modelling the role of dynamic topography and eustasy in the evolution of the Great Artesian Basin
<p>This data repository contains the supplementary data for the paper:</p> <p><strong>Modelling the role of dynamic topography and eustasy in the evolution of the Great Artesian Basin.</strong></p> <p>Carmen Braz<sup>1</sup>, Sabin Zahirovic<sup>1</sup>, Tristan Salles<sup>1</sup>, Nicolas Flament<sup>2</sup>, Lauren Harrington<sup>1</sup>, R. Dietmar Müller<sup>1</sup></p> <p><sup>1</sup> EarthByte Group, School of Geosciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia</p> <p><sup>2</sup> GeoQuEST Research Centre, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia</p> <p><em>Basin Research, https://doi.org/10.1111/bre.12606</em></p> <p>Included in this supplement are:</p> <ul> <li> All input files required for running Badlands models M1-M4</li> <li> Badlands digital output for preferred model M4</li> <li> Animations of topography and erosion-deposition through time for all four models presented in the paper </li> <li> Sediment layers for all time steps for preferred model M4 provided as netcdf grids.</li> </ul>
Great Basin ALMANAC
<p>The Great Basin ALMANAC data. </p>
Data from: Dusky grouse seasonal resource selection in the Great Basin isolated mountain ranges of Nevada, USA
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: A synthesis of the effects of cheatgrass invasion on U.S. Great Basin carbon storage
<p>Non-native, invasive Bromus tectorum (cheatgrass) is pervasive in sagebrush ecosystems in the Great Basin ecoregion of the western U.S., competing with native plants and promoting more frequent fires. As a result, cheatgrass invasion likely alters carbon (C) storage in the region. Many studies have measured C pools in one or more common vegetation types: native sagebrush, invaded sagebrush, and cheatgrass-dominated (often burned) sites, but these results have yet to be synthesized.</p> <p>We performed a literature review to identify studies assessing the consequences of invasion on C storage in aboveground biomass (AGB), belowground biomass (BGB), litter, organic soil, and total soil. We identified 41 articles containing 386 unique studies and estimated C storage across pools and vegetation types and used linear mixed models to identify the main predictors.</p> <p>We found consistent declines in biomass C with invasion: AGB C was 55% lower in cheatgrass (40 ± 4 g C m-2) than in native sagebrush (89 ± 27 g C m-2) and BGB C was 62% lower in cheatgrass (90 ± 17 g C m-2) than native sagebrush (238 ± 60 g C m-2). In contrast, litter C was > 4x higher in cheatgrass (154 ± 12 g C m-2) compared to native sagebrush (32 ± 12 g C m-2). Soil organic C (SOC) in the top 10 cm was significantly higher in cheatgrass than in native or invaded sagebrush. SOC below 20 cm was significantly related to the time since most recent fire and losses were observed in deep SOC in cheatgrass systems > 5 years after a fire. There were no significant changes in total soil C across vegetation types.</p> <p>Synthesis and Applications: Cheatgrass invasion decreases biodiversity and rangeland productivity and alters fire regimes. Our findings indicate cheatgrass invasion also results in persistent biomass C losses that occur with this state change. We estimate that conversion from native sagebrush to cheatgrass leads to a net reduction of C storage in biomass and litter of 76 g C m-2, or 16 Tg C across the Great Basin without management practices like native sagebrush restoration or cheatgrass removal.10-Sep-2020</p>
Data from: Enemy release from the effects of generalist granivores can facilitate Bromus tectorum invasion in the Great Basin Desert
The enemy release hypothesis (ERH) of plant invasion asserts that natural enemies limit populations of invasive plants more strongly in native ranges than in non-native ranges. Despite considerable empirical attention, few studies have directly tested this idea, especially with respect to generalist herbivores. This knowledge gap is important because escaping the effects of generalists is a critical aspect of the ERH that may help explain successful plant invasions. Here, we used consumer exclosures and seed addition experiments to contrast the effects of granivorous rodents (an important guild of generalists) on the establishment of cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum) in western Asia, where cheatgrass is native, vs. the Great Basin Desert, USA, where cheatgrass is exotic and highly invasive. Consistent with the ERH, rodent foraging reduced cheatgrass establishment by nearly 60% in western Asia but had no effect in the Great Basin. This main result corresponded with a region-specific foraging pattern: rodents in the Great Basin but not western Asia generally avoided seeds from cheatgrass relative to seeds from native competitors. Our results suggest that enemy release from the effects of an important guild of generalists may contribute to the explosive success of cheatgrass in the Great Basin. These findings corroborate classic theory on enemy release and expand our understanding of how generalists can influence the trajectory of exotic plant invasions.
Cross-scale analysis reveals interacting predictors of annual and perennial cover in Northern Great Basin rangelands
<p>Exotic annual grass invasion is a widespread threat to the integrity of sagebrush ecosystems in Western North America. Although many predictors of annual grass prevalence and native perennial vegetation have been identified, there remains substantial uncertainty about how regional-scale and local-scale predictors interact to determine vegetation heterogeneity, and how associations between vegetation and cattle grazing vary with environmental context. Here, we conducted a regionally extensive, one-season field survey across burned and unburned, grazed, public lands in Oregon and Idaho, with plots stratified by aspect and distance to water within pastures to capture variation in environmental context and grazing intensity. We analyzed regional and local-scale patterns of annual grass, perennial grass, and shrub cover, and examined to what extent plot-level variation was contingent on pasture-level predictions of site favorability. Annual grasses were widespread at burned and unburned sites alike, contrary to assumptions of annual grasses depending on fire, and more common at lower elevations and higher temperatures regionally, as well as on warmer slopes locally. Pasture-level grazing pressure interacted with temperature such that annual grass cover was associated positively with grazing pressure at higher temperatures but associated negatively with grazing pressure at lower temperatures. This suggests that pasture-level temperature and grazing relationships with annual grass abundance are complex and context-dependent, though the causality of this relationship deserves further examination. At the plot-level within pastures, annual grass cover did not vary with grazing metrics, but perennial cover did; perennial grasses, for example, had lower cover closer to water sources, but higher cover at higher dung counts within a pasture, suggesting contrasting interpretations of these two grazing proxies. Importantly for predictions of ecosystem response to temperature change, we found that pasture-level and plot-level favorability interacted: perennial grasses had higher plot-level cover on cooler slopes, and this difference across topography was starkest in pastures that were less favorable for perennial grasses regionally. Understanding the mechanisms behind cross-scale interactions and contingent responses of vegetation to grazing in these increasingly invaded ecosystems will be critical to land management in a changing world.</p>
Vindication of Physcomitrium pygmaeum (Funariaceae), an elusive and endangered moss from North America's Great Basin
<p><em>Physcomitrium</em> <em>pygmaeum</em> is an ephemeral moss described in 1871 from a single collection from Utah, currently considered conspecific with <em>Physcomitrium</em> <em>pyriforme</em>. The interpretation of the taxon has been problematic due to its rarity in the field, the elusiveness of the type material, and an extremely scattered and inconsistent collection record. Here we present a comprehensive description and assessment of the taxon following the identification of the original material and lectotype designation, the examination of all herbarium specimens existing to the best of our knowledge, the collection of fresh material in Nevada, and the molecular barcoding of the latter using four plastid and two nuclear loci. Available information, albeit scant, suggests that this member of the North American bryoflora should be considered critically endangered following IUCN criteria.</p>
Great Basin National Park, NV air temperature and relative humidity
<p><span class="TextRun SCXW69589011 BCX0"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW69589011 BCX0">Hourly air temperature and relative humidity data has been collected </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW69589011 BCX0">from a network of</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW69589011 BCX0"> 29 </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW69589011 BCX0">data-logging sensors </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW69589011 BCX0">installed within</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW69589011 BCX0"> radiation shields </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW69589011 BCX0">~</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW69589011 BCX0">1.5 m above ground level</span> <span class="NormalTextRun SCXW69589011 BCX0">at</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW69589011 BCX0"> discrete </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW69589011 BCX0">sites </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW69589011 BCX0">within the Great Basin National Park</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW69589011 BCX0"> (GBNP)</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW69589011 BCX0">, NV, USA</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW69589011 BCX0"> from August 2006 to August 20</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW69589011 BCX0">2</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW69589011 BCX0">3.</span> <span class="NormalTextRun SCXW69589011 BCX0">The</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW69589011 BCX0"> sensors are</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW69589011 BCX0"> "embedded</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW69589011 BCX0">" –</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW69589011 BCX0"> suspended in trees or atop wooden stakes – </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW69589011 BCX0">within </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW69589011 BCX0">diverse</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW69589011 BCX0"> ecosystem</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW69589011 BCX0"> types</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW69589011 BCX0"> spanning over </span><span class="NormalTextRun AdvancedProofingIssueV2Themed SCXW69589011 BCX0">2,000</span> <span class="NormalTextRun AdvancedProofingIssueV2Themed SCXW69589011 BCX0">m</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW69589011 BCX0"> of </span><span class="NormalTextRun ContextualSpellingAndGrammarErrorV2Themed SCXW69589011 BCX0">elevation</span><span class="NormalTextRun ContextualSpellingAndGrammarErrorV2Themed SCXW69589011 BCX0">,</span><span class="NormalTextRun ContextualSpellingAndGrammarErrorV2Themed SCXW69589011 BCX0"> and</span> <span class="NormalTextRun SCXW69589011 BCX0">are </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW69589011 BCX0">m</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW69589011 BCX0">aintained</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW69589011 BCX0">/</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW69589011 BCX0">downloaded during</span> <span class="NormalTextRun SCXW69589011 BCX0">annual visitations by </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW69589011 BCX0">collaborating </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW69589011 BCX0">teams of </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW69589011 BCX0">students and staff from </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW69589011 BCX0">the Ohio State University</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW69589011 BCX0">,</span> <span class="NormalTextRun SCXW69589011 BCX0">University of Georgia, and Sinclair </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW69589011 BCX0">Community College, </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW69589011 BCX0">a</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW69589011 BCX0">ssisted</span> <span class="NormalTextRun SCXW69589011 BCX0">by GBNP</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW69589011 BCX0"> staff</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW69589011 BCX0">.</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW69589011 BCX0"> </span> <span class="NormalTextRun SCXW69589011 BCX0">T</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW69589011 BCX0">his dataset can be </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW69589011 BCX0">u</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW69589011 BCX0">tilized</span> <span class="NormalTextRun SCXW69589011 BCX0">to </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW69589011 BCX0">assess the</span> <span class="NormalTextRun SCXW69589011 BCX0">microclimates</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW69589011 BCX0"> and weather patterns</span> <span class="NormalTextRun SCXW69589011 BCX0">within the </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW69589011 BCX0">GBNP</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW69589011 BCX0">.</span> <span class="NormalTextRun SCXW69589011 BCX0">Th</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW69589011 BCX0">e</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW69589011 BCX0"> dataset </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW69589011 BCX0">comprises</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW69589011 BCX0"> daily mean, maximum, and minimum </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW69589011 BCX0">temperature</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW69589011 BCX0"> and relative humidity </span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW69589011 BCX0">collect</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW69589011 BCX0">ed</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW69589011 BCX0"> between Aug 2006 – Aug 2023</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW69589011 BCX0">.</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW69589011 BCX0"> Hourly, raw data </span><span class="NormalTextRun CommentStart ContextualSpellingAndGrammarErrorV2Themed SCXW69589011 BCX0">are</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW69589011 BCX0"> available upon request.</span></span><span class="EOP SCXW69589011 BCX0"> </span></p>
Data from: A synthesis of the effects of cheatgrass invasion on U.S. Great Basin carbon storage
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Cross-scale analysis reveals interacting predictors of annual and perennial cover in Northern Great Basin rangelands
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Great Basin National Park, NV air temperature and relative humidity
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Vindication of Physcomitrium pygmaeum (Funariaceae), an elusive and endangered moss from North America’s Great Basin
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Tulaneia amabilia, a new erniettomorph from the Wood Canyon Formation, Nevada and the age of the Ediacaran-Cambrian transition in the Great Basin
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Indigenous Peoples and environmental research and monitoring within the Laurentian Great Lakes Basin: A systematic map
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Data from: Enemy release from the effects of generalist granivores can facilitate Bromus tectorum invasion in the Great Basin Desert
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Identification of source-sink dynamics in mountain lions of the Great Basin
Natural and anthropogenic boundaries have been shown to affect population dynamics and population structure for many species with movement patterns at the landscape level. Understanding population boundaries and movement rates in the field for species that are cryptic and occur at low densities is often extremely difficult and logistically prohibitive; however genetic techniques may offer insights that have previously been unattainable. We analyzed thirteen microsatellite loci for 739 mountain lions (Puma concolor) using muscle tissue samples from individuals in the Great Basin throughout Nevada and the eastern Sierra Nevada mountain range to test the hypothesis that heterogeneous hunting pressure results in source-sink dynamics at the landscape scale. We used a combination of non-spatial and spatial model-based Bayesian clustering methods to identify genetic populations. We then used a recently developed Bayesian multilocus genotyping method to estimate asymmetrical rates of contemporary movement between those sub-populations and to identify source and sink populations. We identified 2 populations at the highest level of genetic structuring with a total of 5 subpopulations in the Great Basin of Nevada and the eastern Sierra Nevada range. Our results suggest that source-sink dynamics occur at landscape scales for wide-ranging species, such as mountain lions, and that source populations may be those that are under relatively less hunting pressure and that occupy refugia.
Data from: Populations at risk: conservation genetics of kangaroo mice (Microdipodops) of the Great Basin Desert
The Great Basin Desert of western North America has experienced frequent habitat alterations due to a complex biogeographic history and recent anthropogenic impacts, with the more recent alterations likely resulting in the decline of native fauna and flora. Dark (Microdipodops megacephalus) and pallid (M. pallidus) kangaroo mice are ecological specialists found within the Great Basin Desert and are potentially ideal organisms for assessing ecosystem health and inferring the biogeographic history of this vulnerable region. Herein, newly acquired nuclear-encoded microsatellite loci were utilized to assess patterns of variation within and among spatially discrete groups of kangaroo mice and to evaluate gene flow, demographic trends, and genetic integrity. Results confirm that there are at least three genetically distinct units within M. megacephalus and two such units within M. pallidus. The three units of M. megacephalus appear to have different demographic histories, with effectively no gene flow among them since their divergence. Similarly, the two units of M. pallidus also appear to have experienced different demographic histories, with effectively no gene exchange. Contemporary effective population sizes of all groups within Microdipodops appear to be low (<500), suggesting that each genetic lineage may have difficulty coping with changing environmental pressures and hence may be at risk of extirpation. Results of this study indicate that each Microdipodops group should be recognized, and therefore managed, as a separate unit in an effort to conserve these highly specialized taxa that contribute to the diversity of the Great Basin Desert ecosystem.
Data from: Phylogeography and species biogeography of montane Great Basin stoneflies
Sky islands are ideal systems for determining the effects of climatic oscillations on species distributions and genetic structure. Our study focused on montane stonefly populations in the Great Basin of western North America. We used niche-based distribution modelling, phylogeography and traditional species-based biogeography to test several hypotheses as follows: (i) genetic differentiation among Doroneuria baumanni populations will be independent of hydrologic connectivity (headwater model); (ii) Sky islands were colonized when habitat was more continuous and populations likely experienced multiple expansions and contractions; (iii) Colonization events were coincident with the late Pleistocene and Holocene; and (iv) Shared topography and climate history will result in concordant patterns of genetic differentiation in D. baumanni and occurrences of 32 stonefly species across the region. Overall, ΦST's and coalescent-based estimates of migration were consistent with the headwater model. Maximum likelihood and Bayesian gene trees identified three major nonoverlapping east-west clades. Distribution modelling indicated more suitable habitat in the Great Basin during the Last Glacial Maximum than at present, but none during the last interglacial period. Demographic analyses showed evidence of population expansion in one of the three major east–west clades. Intra-clade divergence times (60 000–183 000 ybp) were well within the late Pleistocene while among-clade divergence times (499 000–719 000 ybp) were deeper. Genetic differentiation in D. baumanni and distributions of stonefly species were significantly concordant. These results imply that climatic oscillations have played major roles in shaping the genetic structure and distributions of Great Basin stoneflies, but that divergence among clades occurred much earlier than our late Pleistocence/early Holocene predictions.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.