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9 results for “Great Salt Lake”
Datasets of Radwin 2023 Great Salt Lake Remote Sensing Historical Assessment
<p>Included are the culminated datasets for an article in review to be published with the Utah Geological Association. This data helps an investigator reproduce or utilize the data. There are datasets for both Landsat and Sentinel, for both the North and South arms of the Great Salt Lake. Additionally, there are datasets documenting the NDWI threshold used for each Landsat image, the outlier images not used in analyses, NDWI error assessment, and calculation of stats/facts.</p> <p>Paper abstract:</p> <p>The Great Salt Lake has been rapidly shrinking since the highstand of the mid-1980s, creating cause for concern in recent decades as the lake has reached historic lows. Many investigators have assessed the evolution of lake elevation, geochemistry, anthropogenic impacts, and links to climate and atmospheric processes; however, the use of remote sensing to study the evolution of the lake has been significantly limited. Harnessing recent advancements in cloud-processing, specifically Google Earth Engine cloud computing, this study utilizes over 600 Landsat TM/OLI and Sentinel MSI satellite images from 1984-2023 to present time-series analyses of remotely sensed Great Salt Lake water area, exposed lakebed area, surface cover types, and chlorophyll-a analyses paired with modelled estimates for water and exposed lakebed area. Results show that since the highstand of 1986-1987, the water area has declined by 45% (~3,000 km<sup>2</sup>) and the exposed lakebed area has increased to ~3,500 km<sup>2</sup> from ~500 km<sup>2</sup>. The area of unconsolidated sediments not protected by vegetation or halite crusts has risen to ~2,400 km<sup>2</sup>. Significant halite crusts are observed in the North Arm, having a max extent of ~150 km<sup>2</sup> between 2002 and 2003, while only small extents of halite crusts are observed for the South Arm. Vegetation is more prevalent in the Bear River Bay and South Arm, with surface area increases over 400% since 1990. Gypsum is widely observed independent of halite crusts. The results highlight multiple instances of land-use/water-management that led to observable changes in water/exposed lakebed area and halite crust extent. This study demonstrates the important benefits of maintaining a lake elevation above ~4,194 ft to maximize lake and halite crust area, which would help mitigate possible dust events and maintain broad lake extent.</p> <p> </p> <p>Files should be self-explanatory based on filename, where BRB means Bear River Bay. Note there are two video files animating the evolution of the North and South Arms of the Great Salt Lake using satellite imagery from 1984 to 2023. </p> <p> </p> <p>Visit https://github.com/radwinskis for details on code used for this study.</p> <p>Please contact me at markradwin@gmail.com with any questions.</p> <p> </p>
Newly identified nematodes from the Great Salt Lake are associated with microbialites and specially adapted to hypersaline conditions
<p>Extreme environments enable the study of simplified food-webs and serve as models for evolutionary bottlenecks and early Earth ecology. We investigated the biodiversity of invertebrate meiofauna in the benthic zone of the Great Salt Lake (GSL), UT, one of the most hypersaline lake systems in the world. The hypersaline bays within the GSL are currently thought to support only two multicellular animals: brine fly larvae and brine shrimp. Here, we report the presence, habitat, and microbial interactions of novel free-living nematodes. Nematode diversity drops dramatically along a salinity gradient from a freshwater river into the south arm of the lake. In Gilbert Bay, nematodes primarily inhabit reef-like organosedimentary structures built by bacteria called microbialites. These structures likely provide a protective barrier to UV and aridity, and bacterial associations within them may support life in hypersaline environments. Notably, sampling from Owens Lake, another terminal lake in the Great Basin that lacks microbialites, did not recover nematodes from similar salinities. Phylogenetic divergence suggests that GSL nematodes represent previously undescribed members of the family Monhysteridae – one of the dominant fauna of the abyssal zone and deep-sea hydrothermal vents. These findings update our understanding of halophile ecosystems and the habitable limit of animals.</p>
Newly identified nematodes from the Great Salt Lake are associated with microbialites and specially adapted to hypersaline conditions
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Subspecies and Distribution. D. m. microps Merriam, 1904 — SW USA (Owens River drainage of W Mojave Desert, S California). D. m. alfredi Goldman, 1937 — W USA (Gunnison I, Great Salt Lake, Utah). D. m. aquilonius Willett, 1935 — W USA (lower elevations of the Great Basin Desert of NE California and NW Nevada). D. m. bonneuvillei Goldman, 1937 — W USA (Great Basin Desert of NE Nevada and NW Utah, corresponding closely with the former outline of Pleistocene Lake Bonneville). D. m. celsus Goldman, 1924 — SW USA (possibly disjunct distribution in Virgin River Valley of SW Utah and adjacent NW Arizona). D. m. centralis Hall & Dale, 1939 — W USA (Great Basin Desert of C & E Nevada). D. m. idahoensis Hall & Dale, 1939 — W USA (restricted to the Snake River Valley, SW Idaho). D. m. leucotis Goldman, 1931 — SW USA (restricted distribution between the Vermilion Cliffs and the brink of Marble Canyon of the Colorado River in N Arizona). D. m. levipes Merriam, 1904 — SW USA (restricted to Panamint Valley, S California). D. m. occidentalis Hall & Dale, 1939 — SW USA (Great Basin Desert in W & S Nevada and disjunct, restricted populations in the W Mojave Desert, SE California). D. m. preblei Goldman, 1921 — W USA (Great Basin Desert of SE Oregon and NW Nevada). D. m. russeolus Goldman, 1939 — W USA (Dolphin I, Great Salt Lake, Utah). D. m. subtenuis Goldman, 1939 -W USA (Badger, Carrington, and Stansbury Is, Great Salt Lake, and S on the mainland to Cedar Valley, NC Utah). in Heteromyidae
Subspecies and Distribution. D. m. microps Merriam, 1904 — SW USA (Owens River drainage of W Mojave Desert, S California). D. m. alfredi Goldman, 1937 — W USA (Gunnison I, Great Salt Lake, Utah). D. m. aquilonius Willett, 1935 — W USA (lower elevations of the Great Basin Desert of NE California and NW Nevada). D. m. bonneuvillei Goldman, 1937 — W USA (Great Basin Desert of NE Nevada and NW Utah, corresponding closely with the former outline of Pleistocene Lake Bonneville). D. m. celsus Goldman, 1924 — SW USA (possibly disjunct distribution in Virgin River Valley of SW Utah and adjacent NW Arizona). D. m. centralis Hall & Dale, 1939 — W USA (Great Basin Desert of C & E Nevada). D. m. idahoensis Hall & Dale, 1939 — W USA (restricted to the Snake River Valley, SW Idaho). D. m. leucotis Goldman, 1931 — SW USA (restricted distribution between the Vermilion Cliffs and the brink of Marble Canyon of the Colorado River in N Arizona). D. m. levipes Merriam, 1904 — SW USA (restricted to Panamint Valley, S California). D. m. occidentalis Hall & Dale, 1939 — SW USA (Great Basin Desert in W & S Nevada and disjunct, restricted populations in the W Mojave Desert, SE California). D. m. preblei Goldman, 1921 — W USA (Great Basin Desert of SE Oregon and NW Nevada). D. m. russeolus Goldman, 1939 — W USA (Dolphin I, Great Salt Lake, Utah). D. m. subtenuis Goldman, 1939 -W USA (Badger, Carrington, and Stansbury Is, Great Salt Lake, and S on the mainland to Cedar Valley, NC Utah).
Subspecies and Distribution. P.m.maniculatusWagner,1845—SManitoba,Ontario,Quebec,andLabrador,Canada. P.m.abietorumBangs,1896—NewBrunswickandNovaScotia,Canada,andMaine, USA. P.m.alpinusCowan,1937—restrictedtoasmallregioninSEBritishColumbia,Canada . P.m.anacapaevonBloeker,1942—knownonlyfromWestAnacapaIandsurroundingIs,California,USA. P.m.angustusHall,1932—knownonlyfromSWpartofVancouverI,BritishColumbia, Canada. P.m.anticostiensisMoulthrop,1937—knownonlyfromthetypelocalityonEAnticostiI,Quebec,Canada. P.m.argentatusCopeland&Church,1906—knownonlyfromthetypelocalityonGrandMananI,NewBrunswick,Canada. P.m.artemisiaeRhoads,1894—fromSCBritishColumbia,Canada,SWtoWWyoming, USA. P.m.assimilisNelson&Goldman,1931—knownonlyfromthetypelocalityonCoronadoIs,BajaCalifornia,Mexico. P.m.austerusBaird,1855—WCWashington,USA. P.m.bairdiiHoy&Kennicott,1857—mostoftheECportionoftheUSA. P.m.balaclavaeMcCabe&Cowan,1945—knownonlyfromthetypelocalityonBalaklavaI,BritishColumbia,Canada. P.m.blandusOsgood,1904—SCUSAStoSanLuisPotosi,Guanajauto,andJalisco, Mexico. P.m.borealisMearns,1911—NWCanada. P.m.catalinaeElliot,1903—knownonlyfromSantaCatalinaI,California,USA. P.m.cmenitius|.A.Allen,1898—knownonlyfromthetypelocalityonSanRoqueI, BajaCalifornia,Mexico. P.m.clementisMearns,1896—knownonlyfromSanClementeI,California,USA. P.m.coolidge:Thomas,1898—SBajaCaliforniaandBajaCaliforniaSur,Mexico. P.m.dorsalisNelson&Goldman,1931—knownonlyfromthetypelocalityonNatividadI,BajaCalifornia,Mexico. P.m.dubiusJ.A.Allen,1898—knownonlyfromthetypelocalityonTodosSantosI, BajaCalifornia,Mexico. P.m.elususNelson&Goldman,1931—knownonlyfromSantaBarabaraandSutilIs, California,USA. P.m.eremusOsgood,1909—knownonlyfromGrindstoneI,Quebec,Canada. P.m.exiguusJ.A.Allen,1898—knownonlyfromSanMartinI,BajaCalifornia,Mexico. P.m.exterusNelson&Goldman,1931—knownonlyfromthetypelocalityonSanNicolasI,California,USA. P.m.fulvusOsgood,1904—fromCPueblaandVeracruzStoCOaxaca,Mexico. P.m.gambeliiBaird,1858—N&WCalifornia,USA,SintoNBajaCalifornia,Mexico. P.m.georgiensisHall,1938—knownonlyfromthetypelocalityonTexadaIandsurroundingIs,BritishColumbia,Canada. P.m.geronimensisJ.A.Allen,1898—knownonlyfromthetypelocalityonSanGeronimoI,BajaCalifornia,Mexico. P.m.gracilisLeConte,1855—OntarioandSQuebec,Canada,S&EtoWisconsin, Michigan,andNEUSA.FP.m.hollister:Osgood,1909—knownonlyfromSanJuanIandsurroundingIs,Washington,USA. P.m.huey:Nelson&Goldman,1932—knownonlyfromthetypelocalityonasmallunnamedIinGonzagaBay,BajaCalifornia,Mexico. P. m. inclarus Goldman, 1939 — known only from Fremont I in Great Salt Lake, Utah, USA. P.m. labecula Elliot, 1903 — from Durango S to Michoacan and Morelos, Mexico. P. m. luteus Osgood, 1905 — from South Dakota S to W Texas, USA. P. m. magdalenae Osgood, 1909 — Magdalena I and surrounding mainland areas, Baja California, Mexico. P.m. margaritae Osgood, 1909 — known only from Margarita I, Baja California, Mexico. Pm. nebrascensis Coues, 1877 — from S Alberta and Saskatchewan, Canada, S to NW Texas, USA. Pm. nubiterrae Rhoads, 1896 — from W New York S to North Carolina, USA. Pm. ozarkiarum Black, 1935 — from NE Oklahoma and SW Missouri S to W Arkansas and NC edge of Texas, USA. P. m. pallescensJ. A. Allen, 1896 — NC to SC Texas, USA. Pm. plumbeus C. F. Jackson, 1939 — E Quebec, Canada. Pm. rubidus Osgood, 1901 — from SW Washington S along the Pacific Coast to C California, USA. P. m. rufinus Merriam, 1890 — from N California S to SC Arizona and New Mexico, USA. P. m. sanctaerosae von Bloeker, 1940 — known only from Santa Rosa I, California, USA. P.m. santacruzae Nelson & Goldman, 1931 — known only from Santa Cruz I, California, USA. Pm. saturatus Bangs, 1897 — known only from Saturna I, British Columbia, Canada. Pm. saxamans McCabe & Cowan, 1945 — known only from Duncan I and surrounding Is, British Columbia, Canada. Pm. serratus Davis, 1939 — restricted to a small region in C Idaho, USA. Pm. sonoriensis Le Conte, 1853 — from SE Oregon and S Idaho, USA, S to N edge of Sonora, Mexico. Pm. streatori Nelson & Goldman, 1931 — known only from San Miguel I and surrounding Is, California, USA. in Cricetidae
Subspecies and Distribution. P.m.maniculatusWagner,1845—SManitoba,Ontario,Quebec,andLabrador,Canada. P.m.abietorumBangs,1896—NewBrunswickandNovaScotia,Canada,andMaine, USA. P.m.alpinusCowan,1937—restrictedtoasmallregioninSEBritishColumbia,Canada . P.m.anacapaevonBloeker,1942—knownonlyfromWestAnacapaIandsurroundingIs,California,USA. P.m.angustusHall,1932—knownonlyfromSWpartofVancouverI,BritishColumbia, Canada. P.m.anticostiensisMoulthrop,1937—knownonlyfromthetypelocalityonEAnticostiI,Quebec,Canada. P.m.argentatusCopeland&Church,1906—knownonlyfromthetypelocalityonGrandMananI,NewBrunswick,Canada. P.m.artemisiaeRhoads,1894—fromSCBritishColumbia,Canada,SWtoWWyoming, USA. P.m.assimilisNelson&Goldman,1931—knownonlyfromthetypelocalityonCoronadoIs,BajaCalifornia,Mexico. P.m.austerusBaird,1855—WCWashington,USA. P.m.bairdiiHoy&Kennicott,1857—mostoftheECportionoftheUSA. P.m.balaclavaeMcCabe&Cowan,1945—knownonlyfromthetypelocalityonBalaklavaI,BritishColumbia,Canada. P.m.blandusOsgood,1904—SCUSAStoSanLuisPotosi,Guanajauto,andJalisco, Mexico. P.m.borealisMearns,1911—NWCanada. P.m.catalinaeElliot,1903—knownonlyfromSantaCatalinaI,California,USA. P.m.cmenitius|.A.Allen,1898—knownonlyfromthetypelocalityonSanRoqueI, BajaCalifornia,Mexico. P.m.clementisMearns,1896—knownonlyfromSanClementeI,California,USA. P.m.coolidge:Thomas,1898—SBajaCaliforniaandBajaCaliforniaSur,Mexico. P.m.dorsalisNelson&Goldman,1931—knownonlyfromthetypelocalityonNatividadI,BajaCalifornia,Mexico. P.m.dubiusJ.A.Allen,1898—knownonlyfromthetypelocalityonTodosSantosI, BajaCalifornia,Mexico. P.m.elususNelson&Goldman,1931—knownonlyfromSantaBarabaraandSutilIs, California,USA. P.m.eremusOsgood,1909—knownonlyfromGrindstoneI,Quebec,Canada. P.m.exiguusJ.A.Allen,1898—knownonlyfromSanMartinI,BajaCalifornia,Mexico. P.m.exterusNelson&Goldman,1931—knownonlyfromthetypelocalityonSanNicolasI,California,USA. P.m.fulvusOsgood,1904—fromCPueblaandVeracruzStoCOaxaca,Mexico. P.m.gambeliiBaird,1858—N&WCalifornia,USA,SintoNBajaCalifornia,Mexico. P.m.georgiensisHall,1938—knownonlyfromthetypelocalityonTexadaIandsurroundingIs,BritishColumbia,Canada. P.m.geronimensisJ.A.Allen,1898—knownonlyfromthetypelocalityonSanGeronimoI,BajaCalifornia,Mexico. P.m.gracilisLeConte,1855—OntarioandSQuebec,Canada,S&EtoWisconsin, Michigan,andNEUSA.FP.m.hollister:Osgood,1909—knownonlyfromSanJuanIandsurroundingIs,Washington,USA. P.m.huey:Nelson&Goldman,1932—knownonlyfromthetypelocalityonasmallunnamedIinGonzagaBay,BajaCalifornia,Mexico. P. m. inclarus Goldman, 1939 — known only from Fremont I in Great Salt Lake, Utah, USA. P.m. labecula Elliot, 1903 — from Durango S to Michoacan and Morelos, Mexico. P. m. luteus Osgood, 1905 — from South Dakota S to W Texas, USA. P. m. magdalenae Osgood, 1909 — Magdalena I and surrounding mainland areas, Baja California, Mexico. P.m. margaritae Osgood, 1909 — known only from Margarita I, Baja California, Mexico. Pm. nebrascensis Coues, 1877 — from S Alberta and Saskatchewan, Canada, S to NW Texas, USA. Pm. nubiterrae Rhoads, 1896 — from W New York S to North Carolina, USA. Pm. ozarkiarum Black, 1935 — from NE Oklahoma and SW Missouri S to W Arkansas and NC edge of Texas, USA. P. m. pallescensJ. A. Allen, 1896 — NC to SC Texas, USA. Pm. plumbeus C. F. Jackson, 1939 — E Quebec, Canada. Pm. rubidus Osgood, 1901 — from SW Washington S along the Pacific Coast to C California, USA. P. m. rufinus Merriam, 1890 — from N California S to SC Arizona and New Mexico, USA. P. m. sanctaerosae von Bloeker, 1940 — known only from Santa Rosa I, California, USA. P.m. santacruzae Nelson & Goldman, 1931 — known only from Santa Cruz I, California, USA. Pm. saturatus Bangs, 1897 — known only from Saturna I, British Columbia, Canada. Pm. saxamans McCabe & Cowan, 1945 — known only from Duncan I and surrounding Is, British Columbia, Canada. Pm. serratus Davis, 1939 — restricted to a small region in C Idaho, USA. Pm. sonoriensis Le Conte, 1853 — from SE Oregon and S Idaho, USA, S to N edge of Sonora, Mexico. Pm. streatori Nelson & Goldman, 1931 — known only from San Miguel I and surrounding Is, California, USA.
The shrinking Great Salt Lake contributes to record high dust-on-snow deposition in the Wasatch Mountains during the 2022 snowmelt season
<p>This site contains inputs/outputs used for atmospheric backward trajectory analyses (.zip files) and snowmelt mass and energy balance modeling (all other files) in this study. The abstract of the study is below: </p> <p>Seasonal snowmelt from the Wasatch Mountains of northern Utah, USA is a primary control on water availability for the metropolitan Wasatch Front, surrounding agricultural valleys, and the Great Salt Lake (GSL). Prolonged drought, increased evaporation due to warming temperatures, and sustained agricultural and domestic water consumption have caused GSL water levels to reach record low stands in 2021 and 2022, resulting in increased exposure of dry lakebed sediment. When dust emitted from the GSL dry lakebed is deposited on the adjacent Wasatch snowpack, the snow is darkened, and snowmelt is accelerated. Regular observations of dust-on-snow (DOS) began in the Wasatch Mountains in 2009, and the 2022 season was notable for both having the most dust deposition events and the highest snowpack dust concentrations. To understand if record high DOS concentrations were linked to record low GSL levels, dust source regions for each dust event were identified through a backward trajectory model analysis combined with aerosol measurements and field observations. Backward trajectories indicated that the exposed lakebed of the GSL likely contributed 23% of total dust deposition and had the highest dust emissions per surface area. The other potential primary contributors were the Great Salt Lake Desert (45%) and the Sevier + Tule dry lakebeds (17%), both with lower per-area emissions. The impact on snowmelt, quantified by mass and energy balance modeling in the presence and absence of snow darkening by dust, was over two weeks (17 days) earlier. The impact of dust on snowmelt could have been more dramatic if the spring had been drier, but frequent snowfall buried dust layers, delaying dust-accelerated snowmelt later into the melt season.</p>
Duck nests in Great Salt Lake, Utah wetlands 2019, 2020, and 2021
<p>Nesting data for ducks in the wetlands of Great Salt Lake, Utah. Nests were located at U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's Bear River Migratory Bird Refuge and waterfowl management areas operated by the Utah Division of Natural Resources in 2019, 2020, and 2021.</p>
Duck nests in Great Salt Lake, Utah wetlands 2019, 2020, and 2021
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Supplementary dataset to: Two Decades of Dust Radiative Forcing on Snow Cover Across the Great Salt Lake Basin (Lang et al. JGR-ES)
<p><strong><span>ForwardTrajASP.zip</span></strong></p> <p><span>This compressed file contains the output of forward trajectory model runs using the HYSPLIT-STILT modeling framework as described in the main manuscript. Each .csv file in the manuscript represents <span>an ensemble of forward trajectory simulations released at a specific time, latitude, and longitude as labeled in the file name. The columns with the output .csv files represent the following variables:<em> long</em> is the longitude, <em>lati</em> is the latitude, <em>zagl</em> is the trajectory above ground level, and <em>mlht</em> is the boundary height for that trajectory's respective horizontal location.</span></span></p> <p><strong><span>041823DepByElement.zip</span></strong></p> <p><span>The contents of this compressed file contain .tif images of CMAQ outputs for the model run on the April 18<sup>th</sup>, 2023, dust event. Deposition per area is given for hydrologic units over the state of Utah. The element and deposition type are given in the file names as well as within the files themselves.</span></p> <p><strong><span>AprMay2023TotalDep.zip </span></strong></p> <p><span>The contents of the compressed file contain three .tif images of CMAQ deposition outputs for combined wet and dry deposition of three major elements (Al, Si, Na) for all dust events in April and May of 2023 within the state of Utah. The outlines of the Bear, Weber, and Jordan basins are shown in black. </span></p>
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