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118 results for “Great Smoky Mountains National Park”
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal response to fire and urbanization in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park
Wildfires are increasing in frequency and intensity as drier and warmer climates increase plant detrital fuel loads. At the same time, increases in urbanization position 9% of fire-prone land within the US at the wildland-urban interface. While rarely studied, the compounded effects of urbanization and wildfires may have unknown synergistically negative effects on ecosystems. Previous studies at the wildland-urban interface often focus on aboveground plant communities, but belowground ecosystems may also be affected by this double disturbance. In particular, it is unclear how much fire and urbanization independently or interactively affect nutritional symbioses such as those between arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi and the majority of terrestrial plants. In November 2016, extreme drought conditions and long-term fire suppression combined to create a wildfire within the Great Smoky Mountains National Park (GSMNP) and the neighboring exurban city of Gatlinburg, TN. To understand how the double disturbance of urbanization and fire affected AM fungal communities, we collected fine roots from the five dominant understory species in September 2018 at each of 18 sites spanning three burn severities in both exurban and natural sites. Despite large variation in burn severity, plant species identity had the largest influence on AM fungi. AM fungal colonization, richness, and composition all varied most among plant species. Fire and urbanization did influence some AM fungal metrics; colonization was lower in burned sites and composition was more variable among exurban locations. There were no interactions among burn severity and urbanization on AM fungi. Our results point to the large influence of plant species identity structuring this obligate nutritional symbiosis regardless of disturbance regime. Therefore, the majority of AM fungal taxa may be buffered from fire-induced ecosystem changes if plant community composition largely remains intact, plant species life history tr
Microclimate data from stations within the Great Smoky Mountains National Park, NC
This dataset contains measurements of air temperature, relative humidity, soil temperature, soil bulk electrical conductivity, and soil volumetric water content from a sites located in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park, NC. Soil temperature, soil bulk electrical conductivity, and soil volumetric water are measured at 0-30cm and 30-60cm below ground surface at locations 25 meters above gradient and 25 meters below gradient of a central transect location where air temperature and relative humidity are measured at 1.5 meters above ground surface. Measurements are taken every 60 seconds with average, minimum, and maximum values saved hourly to the output table.
2018. Great Smoky Mountains National Park High Peaks (Dataset)
<p>This dataset describes the locations and heights of 200 high peaks and knobs in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park, located in the southeastern United States.</p> <p>The data was collected by the National Park Service, which is a bureau in the U.S. Department of the Interior. The data was published on data.gov, is open for public use, and can be found <a href="https://catalog.data.gov/dataset/great-smoky-mountains-national-park-high-peaks">here</a>.This dataset is also archived in my personal GitHub repository and can be found <a href="https://github.com/tfinn22/GSMNP_High_Peaks">here</a>.</p> <p>This release has been deposited in Zenodo as a Data Preservation Project for the University of Tennessee's INSC590 Introduction to Data Management, instructed by Dr. Plato Smith.</p>
Highlights from 10+ years of lichenological research in Great Smoky Mountains National Park: celebrating the United States National Park Service Centennial
<p>Great Smoky Mountains National Park is renowned as one of the most biologically diverse tracts of land in North America and is the most visited national park in the United States. The park comprises ∼830 square miles, epitomizes eastern temperate hardwood forests of North America, and serves as a refuge for nearly 20,000 documented species from microbes to plants and mammals. Lichens comprise one particularly diverse group of organisms in the park. In this study, we review data from our 11 years of lichenological research in Great Smoky Mountains National Park. Based on approximately 6,000 new field collections generated, the park checklist now includes 920 species, a 129% increase over estimates made two decades ago. Nearly a quarter of the lichens reported in the park are known from only a single occurence whereas only 7% of the lichens are known from 20 or more occurences. An assessment of commonness/rarity for all 920 species indicates that nearly half of the park's lichens should be considered to be infrequent, rare, or exceptionally rare. We assessed the distributions of all 920 species and found that 54 are endemic to the southeastern United States, 30 are endemic to the southern Appalachians, and eight occur nowhere else than within the confines of the national park. We discuss biogeographical affinities of the park's lichen biota as a whole, delimiting six regional "floristic" connections. Our 11 years of research have resulted in the discovery of several species presumed to be extinct or near-extinct. We make one new combination (<em><strong>Fuscopannaria frullaniae</strong></em>) and describe five species as new to science, each commemorating National Park Service staff instrumental to the completion of the study: <em><strong>Heterodermia langdoniana</strong></em>, <em><strong>Lecanora darlingiae</strong></em>, <em><strong>Lecanora sachsiana</strong></em>, <em><strong>Leprocaulon nicholsiae,</strong></em> and <em><strong>Pertusaria superiana</strong></em>.</p>
Figures 75–79. Habitus images. 75 in Comparison of Coleoptera emergent from various decay classes of downed coarse woody debris in Great Smoky Mountains National Park, USA
Figures 75–79. Habitus images. 75) Sepedophilus cinctulus (Erichson) (Staphylinidae: Tachyporinae). 76) Sepedophilus occultus (Casey) (Staphylinidae: Tachyporinae). 77) Hymenorus sp. (female) (Tenebrionidae). 78) Strongylium crenatum Mäklin (Tenebrionidae). 79) Aulonothroscus distans Blanchard (Throscidae).
Figures 51–56. Habitus images. 51 in Comparison of Coleoptera emergent from various decay classes of downed coarse woody debris in Great Smoky Mountains National Park, USA
Figures 51–56. Habitus images. 51) Priobium sericeum (Say) (Ptinidae: Anobiinae). 52) Dendroides canadensis Latreille (Pyrochroidae). 53) Dendroides concolor (Newman) (Pyrochroidae). 54) Clinidium baldufi Bell (Rhysodidae). 55) Rhinosimus viridiaeneus (Randall) (Salpingidae). 56) Aleocharinae gen. sp. (Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae).
Figures 69–74. Habitus images. 69 in Comparison of Coleoptera emergent from various decay classes of downed coarse woody debris in Great Smoky Mountains National Park, USA
Figures 69–74. Habitus images. 69) Trimioplectus obsoletus Brendel (Staphylinidae: Pselaphinae). 70) Euconnus (Napochus) sp. (Staphylinidae: Scydmaeninae). 71) Euconnus (Scopophus) n. sp. (Staphylinidae: Scydmaeninae). 72) Euconnus (Scopophus) sp. (Staphylinidae: Scydmaeninae). 73) Hesperus apicialis (Say) (Staphylinidae: Staphylininae). 74) Sepedophilus brachypterus Campbell (Staphylinidae: Tachyporinae).
Figures 45–50. Habitus images. 45 in Comparison of Coleoptera emergent from various decay classes of downed coarse woody debris in Great Smoky Mountains National Park, USA
Figures 45–50. Habitus images. 45) Dircaea liturata (LeConte) (Melandryidae). 46) Hypulus simulator Newman (Melandryidae). 47) Ptiliidae gen. sp. (Ptiliidae). 48) Acrotrichis sp. (Ptiliidae: Acrotrichinae). 49) Pteryx sp. (Ptiliidae: Ptiliinae). 50) Oligomerus obtusus LeConte (Ptinidae: Anobiinae).
Figures 27–32. Habitus images. 27 in Comparison of Coleoptera emergent from various decay classes of downed coarse woody debris in Great Smoky Mountains National Park, USA
Figures 27–32. Habitus images. 27) Apteromechus ferratus (Say) (Curculionidae: Cryptorhynchinae). 28) Cophes fallax (LeConte) (Curculionidae: Cryptorhynchinae). 29) Dryophthorus americanus (Bedel) (Curculionidae: Dryophthorinae). 30) Xyleborus atratus Eichhoff (Curculionidae: Scolytinae). 31) Xylosandrus crassiusculus (Motschulsky) (Curculionidae: Scolytinae). 32) Xylosandrus germanus (Blandford) (Curculionidae: Scolytinae).
Figures 9–14. Habitus images. 9 in Comparison of Coleoptera emergent from various decay classes of downed coarse woody debris in Great Smoky Mountains National Park, USA
Figures 9–14. Habitus images. 9) Dicerca divaricata (Say) (Buprestidae: Chrysochroinae). 10) Gastrellarius honestus (Say) (Carabidae: Harpalinae). 11) Mioptachys flavicauda (Say) (Carabidae: Trechinae). 12) Eupogonius pauper LeConte (Cerambycidae: Lamiinae). 13) Leptostylus transversus (Gyllenhal) (Cerambycidae: Lamiinae). 14) Microgoes oculatus (LeConte) (Cerambycidae: Lamiinae).
Figures 2–7. 2 in Comparison of Coleoptera emergent from various decay classes of downed coarse woody debris in Great Smoky Mountains National Park, USA
Figures 2–7. 2) Species accumulation curves for a: total; b: CWD; c: FWD.3) Species accumulation curves for a: total; b: primary forest; c: secondary forest. 4) Species accumulation curves for a: total; b: 2007; c: 2006. 5) Species accumulation curves for a: total; b: CWD2; c: CWD3-4; d: CWD1; e: FWD1; f: FWD2. 6) Species accumulation curves for a: total; b: primary FWD2; c: primary FWD1; d: secondary FWD1; e: secondary FWD2. 7) Species accumulation curves for a: total; b: primary CWD2; c: primary CWD3–4; d: primary CWD1; e: secondary CWD1; f: secondary CWD2; g: secondary CWD3–4.
Figures 21–26. Habitus images. 21 in Comparison of Coleoptera emergent from various decay classes of downed coarse woody debris in Great Smoky Mountains National Park, USA
Figures 21–26. Habitus images. 21) Ceracis singularis (Dury) (Ciidae). 22) Octotemnus laevis Casey (Ciidae). 23) Atomaria sp. (Cryptophagidae). 24) Cryptophagus sp. (Cryptophagidae). 25) Caulophilus dubius (Horn) (Curculionidae: Cossoninae). 26) Stenoscelis brevis (Boheman) (Curculionidae: Cossoninae).
Figures 39–44. Habitus images. 39 in Comparison of Coleoptera emergent from various decay classes of downed coarse woody debris in Great Smoky Mountains National Park, USA
Figures 39–44. Habitus images. 39) Isarthrus rufipes (Melsheimer) (Eucnemidae). 40) Isorhipis obliqua (Say) (Eucnemidae). 41) Melasis pectinicornis Melsheimer (Eucnemidae). 42) Microrhagus subsinuatus LeConte (Eucnemidae). 43) Bacanius tantillus LeConte (Histeridae). 44) Agathidium sp. (female) (Leiodidae: Leiodinae).
Figures 63–68. Habitus images. 63 in Comparison of Coleoptera emergent from various decay classes of downed coarse woody debris in Great Smoky Mountains National Park, USA
Figures 63–68. Habitus images. 63) Thoracophorus costalis (Erichson) (Staphylinidae: Osoriinae). 64) Adranes lecontei Brendel (Staphylinidae: Pselaphinae). 65) Batrisodes sp. (female) (Staphylinidae: Pselaphinae). 66) Leptoplectus pertenuis (Casey) (Staphylinidae: Pselaphinae). 67) Pycnoplectus sp. (female) (Staphylinidae: Pselaphinae). 68) Sonoma sp. (female) (Staphylinidae: Pselaphinae).
Figures 57–62. Habitus images. 57 in Comparison of Coleoptera emergent from various decay classes of downed coarse woody debris in Great Smoky Mountains National Park, USA
Figures 57–62. Habitus images. 57) Athetini sp. (Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae). 58) Atheta sp. (Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae). 59) Leptusa carolinensis Pace (Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae). 60) Leptusa cribratula (Casey) (Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae). 61) Leptusa pusio (Casey) (Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae). 62) Leptusa sp. (Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae).
Figures 33–38. Habitus images. 33 in Comparison of Coleoptera emergent from various decay classes of downed coarse woody debris in Great Smoky Mountains National Park, USA
Figures 33–38. Habitus images. 33) Xyloterinus politus (Say) (Curculionidae: Scolytinae). 34) Ampedus areolatus (Say) (Elateridae). 35) Ampedus luteolus (LeConte) (Elateridae). 36) Ampedus semicinctus (Randall) (Elateridae). 37) Bystus ulkei (Crotch) (Endomychidae). 38) Tohlezkus inexpectus Vit (Eucinetidae).
Figure 1 in Comparison of Coleoptera emergent from various decay classes of downed coarse woody debris in Great Smoky Mountains National Park, USA
Figure 1. Map of collection locations in Great Smoky Mountains National Park. Primary forest sites: 1) Laurel Falls; 2) Porters Creek; 3) Albright Grove. Secondary forest sites: 4) Tremont; 5) Sugarlands Quiet Walkway; 6) Greenbrier.
Figures 15–20. Habitus images. 15 in Comparison of Coleoptera emergent from various decay classes of downed coarse woody debris in Great Smoky Mountains National Park, USA
Figures 15–20. Habitus images. 15) Urographis fasciatus (Degeer) (Cerambycidae: Lamiinae). 16) Analeptura lineola Say (Cerambycidae: Lepturinae). 17) Trachysida mutabilis (Newman) (Cerambycidae: Lepturinae). 18) Cerylon castaneum Say (Cerylonidae). 19) Mychocerus striatus (Sen Gupta and Crowson) (Cerylonidae). 20) Philothermus glabriculus (LeConte) (Cerylonidae).
Figures 55–60. Habitus images. 55 in Comparison of the Coleoptera communities in leaf litter and rotten wood in Great Smoky Mountains National Park, USA
Figures 55–60. Habitus images. 55) Sonoma sp. (female) (Staphylinidae: Pselaphinae). 56) Trimiomelba dubia (LeConte) (Staphylinidae: Pselaphinae). 57) Baeocera pallida Casey (Staphylinidae: Scaphidiinae). 58) Euconnus sp. (Staphylinidae: Scydmaeninae). 59) Euconnus (Napochus) sp. (Staphylinidae: Scydmaeninae). 60) Euconnus (Scopophus) sp. (Staphylinidae: Scydmaeninae).
Figures 43–48. Habitus images. 43 in Comparison of the Coleoptera communities in leaf litter and rotten wood in Great Smoky Mountains National Park, USA
Figures 43–48. Habitus images. 43) Batrisodes beyeri Schaeffer (Staphylinidae: Pselaphinae). 44) Batrisodes sp. (Staphylinidae: Pselaphinae). 45) Conoplectus canaliculatus (LeConte) (Staphylinidae: Pselaphinae). 46) Ctenisodes sp. (Staphylinidae: Pselaphinae). 47) Euboarhexius perscitus (Fletcher) (Staphylinidae: Pselaphinae). 48) Eutyphlus dybasi Park (Staphylinidae: Pselaphinae).
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Allen Brain Atlas
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OpenNeuro
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