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5 results for “Gryllus veletis”
Metabolic cost of freeze-thaw and source of CO2 production in the freeze-tolerant cricket Gryllus veletis
<p>Freeze-tolerant insects can survive the conversion of a substantial portion of their body water to ice. While the process of freezing induces active responses from some organisms, these responses appear absent from freeze-tolerant insects. Recovery from freezing likely requires energy expenditure to repair tissues and re-establish homeostasis, which should be evident as elevations in metabolic rate after thaw. We measured carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) production in the spring field cricket (<i>Gryllus veletis</i>) as a proxy for metabolic rate during cooling, freezing and thawing and compared the metabolic costs associated with recovery from freezing and chilling. We hypothesized that freezing does not induce active responses, but that recovery from freeze-thaw is metabolically costly. We observed a burst of CO<sub>2</sub>release at the onset of freezing in all crickets that froze, including those killed by either cyanide or an insecticide (thiacloprid), implying that the source of this CO<sub>2</sub>was neither aerobic metabolism or a coordinated nervous system response. These results suggest that freezing does not induce active responses from <i>G. veletis</i>, but may liberate buffered CO<sub>2 </sub>from hemolymph. There was a transient 'overshoot' in CO<sub>2</sub>release during the first hour of recovery, and elevated metabolic rates at 24, 48 and 72 hours, in crickets that had been frozen compared to crickets that had been chilled (but not frozen). Thus, recovery from freeze-thaw and the repair of freeze-induced damage appears metabolically costly in <i>G. veletis</i>, and this cost persists for several days after thawing. </p>
Anthropogenic light and noise affect the life histories of female Gryllus veletis field crickets
<p>Adaptive plasticity often offsets the negative effects of rapid environmental change. However, anthropogenic stressors like noise and artificial light at night (ALAN) are often unlike those environments experienced ancestrally, making the resulting responses of individuals potentially maladaptive or less predictable. Further uncertainty stems from few studies exploring how the two anthropogenic stressors may interact to influence individual responses. Here we reared female Gryllus veletis field crickets in traffic noise, ALAN, both, or neither to assess how each environment impacted their development, mating behaviors, and reproductive output. We found modest to no effect of anthropogenic stressors on development time or adult size, but pronounced effects on adult behaviors. Females reared in noise in any capacity were more responsive to advertising males and mated with them faster, and females reared in any anthropogenic stressor retained spermatophores longer. More significantly, any anthropogenic stressor reduced the lifetime fitness of females through reduced oviposition, hatching success, both, or reduced offspring size at hatching. However, we did not find decreased fitness of females reared with both anthropogenic stressors relative to those reared with just one. Our results highlight how novel anthropogenic stressors may impact populations, but whether individuals can adapt may depend on an interplay between development, mating behaviors, and reproductive output. </p>
FIGURE 142. Atypical G. veletis song with 4-10 p in Crickets of the genus Gryllus in the United States (Orthoptera: Gryllidae: Gryllinae)
FIGURE 142. Atypical G. veletis song with 4-10 p/c (R09-73) from near Roswell, NM (S09-58), recorded at 26°C.
Metabolic cost of freeze-thaw and source of CO2 production in the freeze-tolerant cricket Gryllus veletis
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Anthropogenic light and noise affect the life histories of female Gryllus veletis field crickets
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
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