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117 results for “HIV transmission”
Phylogenetic and epidemiologic data relating to age-specific HIV incidence and transmission in Rakai, Uganda, 2003-2018.
<p>This repository contains the data for the analyses presented in the paper Growing gender inequity in HIV infection in Africa: sources and policy implications by M. Monod, A. Brizzi, R. Galiwango, R. Ssekubugu, Y. Chen, X. Xi et al. available in the pre-print <a href="https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.03.16.23287351">https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.03.16.23287351</a> </p> <p>We thank all contributors, program staff and participants to the Rakai Community Cohort Study; all members of the PANGEA-HIV consortium, the <a href="https://www.rhsp.org/index.php">Rakai Health Sciences Program</a>, and CDC Uganda for comments on an earlier version of the manuscript.</p> <p>We also extend our gratitude to the <a href="https://doi.org/10.14469/hpc/2232">Imperial College Research Computing Service</a> and the <a href="https://www.bdi.ox.ac.uk/about/biomedical-research-computing">Biomedical Research Computing Cluster</a> at the University of Oxford for providing the computational resources to perform this study. Additionally, we thank the Office of Cyberinfrastructure and Computational Biology at the <a href="https://www.niaid.nih.gov/">National Institute for Allergy and Infectious Diseases</a> for data management support; and Zulip for sponsoring team communications through the Zulip Cloud Standard chat app. </p> <p>All analysis code is available from <a href="https://github.com/MLGlobalHealth/phyloSI-RakaiAgeGender">https://github.com/MLGlobalHealth/phyloSI-RakaiAgeGender</a>.</p>
Ending Transmission of HIV, HCV, and STDs and Overdose in Rural Communities of People Who Inject Drugs (ETHIC)
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04427202. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 1. Publications: 2.
Data from: Implementation of Option B and a fixed-dose combination antiretroviral regimen for prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV in South Africa: a model of uptake and adherence to care
<p><b>Introduction</b></p> <p>Initiating and retaining pregnant women on antiretroviral therapy (ART) to prevent mother-to-child HIV transmission (PMTCT) remains a major challenge facing African HIV programs, particularly during the critical final months prior to delivery. In 2013, South Africa implemented its "Option B" PMTCT regimen (three-drug ART throughout pregnancy and breastfeeding, regardless of maternal CD4 count) and introduced once-daily fixed-dose combinations and lifelong ART. Currently, the uptake of Option B and its possible impact on adherence to PMTCT during the critical final months of pregnancy is unclear.</p> <p><b>Materials and Methods </b></p> <p>We prospectively collected visit data from a cohort of adult, HIV-infected, pregnant women between July 2013-August 2014 to estimate three models of adherence to PMTCT during the final 16 weeks immediately preceding delivery. Adherence was defined according to possession of antiretroviral drugs, which was inferred from clinic visit records under varying assumptions in each model. We describe uptake of the PMTCT regimen, gestational age at initiation, and model possible scenarios of adherence through delivery after the implementation of Option B.</p> <p><b>Results</b></p> <p>Among 138 women enrolled (median (IQR) age 28 years (24-32), median CD4 count 378 cells/mm3), median (IQR) gestational age at initiation was 22 weeks (16-26). Estimates of adherence during the final 16 weeks of pregnancy prior to delivery ranged from 75% (52-89%) under the best case scenario assumptions to 52% (30-75%) under the worst case scenario assumptions. Estimates of the proportion of women who would achieve 80% adherence to PMTCT were <50% across all models.</p> <p><b>Conclusions</b></p> <p>Despite the switch to Option B and once-daily dosing, South African women continue to initiate PMTCT late in pregnancy, and estimations of regimen adherence, as modelled using PMTCT visit attendance data, is poor, with <50% of women reaching 80% adherence during final months of pregnancy across all models. Further guideline changes and interventions are needed to achieve vertical transmission goals.</p> <p><b>Trial Registration</b></p> <p>This study was nested within the original RapIT randomized controlled trial which was registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (Registration number) NCT01710397 on September 7, 2012 and the South African National Clinical Trials Register DOH-27-0213-4177. The first participant in the RapIT study was enrolled on May 8th, 2013.</p>
Deep-sequence phylogenetics to quantify patterns of HIV transmission in the context of a universal testing and treatment trial – BCPP/ Ya Tsie trial
<p><strong>Background:</strong> Mathematical models predict that community-wide access to HIV testing-and-treatment can rapidly and substantially reduce new HIV infections. Yet several large universal test-and-treat HIV prevention trials in high-prevalence epidemics demonstrated variable reduction in population-level incidence.</p> <p><strong>Methods:</strong> To elucidate patterns of HIV spread in universal test-and-treat trials we quantified the contribution of geographic-location, gender, age and randomized-HIV-intervention to HIV transmissions in the 30-community Ya Tsie trial in Botswana (estimated trial population: 175,664).</p> <p><strong>Results:</strong> Deep-sequence phylogenetic analysis revealed that most inferred HIV transmissions within the trial occurred within the same or between neighboring communities, and between similarly-aged partners. Transmissions into intervention communities from control communities were more common than the reverse post-baseline (30% [12.2 – 56.7] versus 3% [0.1 – 27.3]) than at baseline (7% [1.5 – 25.3] versus 5% [0.9 – 22.9]) compatible with a benefit from treatment-as-prevention.</p> <p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> Our findings suggest that population mobility patterns are fundamental to HIV transmission dynamics and to the impact of HIV control strategies.</p> <p><strong>Funding:</strong> This study was supported by the National Institute of General Medical Sciences (U54GM088558); the Fogarty International Center (FIC) of the U.S. National Institutes of Health (D43 TW009610); and the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief through the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (Cooperative agreements U01 GH000447 and U2G GH001911).</p>
Implementing a Comprehensive Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV Program for South African Couples
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02085356. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 1. Publications: 7.
Antiviral Responses to NNRTI-Based vs. PI-Based ARV Therapy in HIV Infected Infants Who Have or Have Not Received Single Dose NVP for Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00307151. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 7. Publications: 11.
Using Nevirapine to Prevent Mother-to-Child HIV Transmission During Breastfeeding
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00074412. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 4. Publications: 10.
Preventing Sexual Transmission of HIV With Anti-HIV Drugs
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00074581. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 9. Publications: 8.
Couples Health Project: Couples-based Intervention to Reduce Drug Use and HIV Transmission Risk
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03386110. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 3.
Evaluation of a Differentiated Point-of-care Active Case Finding & Management Model to Eliminate Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV in Malawi
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT06493357. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Tambua Mapema Plus - to Discover HIV Infection Early and Prevent Onward Transmission
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03508908. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 4.
Trizivir Vs. Kaletra and Combivir for the Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00270296. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 13.
HIV Test and Treat to Prevent HIV Transmission Among MSM and Transgender Women
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01815580. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 3.
Evaluating Strategies to Reduce Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV Infection in Resource-Limited Countries
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01061151. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 7. Publications: 12.
Trial of Three Neonatal Antiretroviral Regimens for Prevention of Intrapartum HIV Transmission
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00099359. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 5. Publications: 9.
HIV Treatment Reinitiation in Women Who Received Anti-HIV Drugs to Prevent Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00442962. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 3. Publications: 3.
NNRTI vs PI Regimens for HIV Infected Women After They Have Taken Nevirapine to Prevent Mother-To-Child HIV Transmission
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00089505. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 7. Publications: 14.
Tenofovir Rectal Douche to Prevent HIV Transmission Among Adolescents (ATN DREAM)
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04686279. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 2.
Data from: Implementation of Option B and a fixed-dose combination antiretroviral regimen for prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV in South Africa: a model of uptake and adherence to care
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Deep-sequence phylogenetics to quantify patterns of HIV transmission in the context of a universal testing and treatment trial – BCPP/ Ya Tsie trial
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