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14 results for “HRIR”
Non-personalized HRIR databases with and without floor reflections
<p>Non-personalized HRIR databases in SOFA format [1] with and without floor reflections. Floor reflections were simulated with a plywood board between a Head-And-Torso Simulator (HATS) and a dodecahedral loudspeaker. These recordings were captured at the anechoic chamber of the University of Aizu.</p> <p><strong>Apparatus</strong></p> <ul> <li><strong>Head and Torso Simulator (HATS):</strong> 5128-C (Brüel & Kjær—B&K, Denmark).</li> <li><strong>Preamplifier:</strong> NEXUS preamplifier (B&K).</li> <li><strong>Audio interface:</strong> Babyface (RME, Germany).</li> <li><strong>Software used:</strong> ScanIR [2].</li> <li><strong>Loudspeaker:</strong> Self-built regular dodecahedral loudspeaker (7.2 kg). This could be circumscribed by a sphere of 25 cm in diameter. Drivers (P800K—FOSTEX, Japan) were attached to 3 mm acrylic plates.</li> <li><strong>Audio source: </strong>A one-second sine-sweep tone sampled at 96 kHz generated with ScanIR.</li> <li><strong>Floor simulation: </strong>Plywood board 181x91x1.2 cm weighing 13 kg (density ρ = 658 kg/m3 i.e., a relatively firm board).</li> <li><strong>Locations:</strong> 72 azimuths from 0º to 355º in steps of 5º (counterclockwise measured) with a combination of elevation φ = [±60º, ±30º, 0º] at a distance of 153 cm from the center of the HATS’ head to the center of the loudspeaker.</li> </ul> <p>Other details on the procedure and how this was used in our research are found in [3]. HRIRs were capture with and without the plywood board. they are called here “echoic” and “anechoic,” respectively. In addition to the original sampling rate, we include here resampled versions at 44.1 and 48 kHz.</p> <p><strong>Filenames</strong></p> <p>For both anechoic and echoic databases, download:<br> AizuEle@[<em>sample rate</em>].zip</p> <p>Other SOFA files:<br> AizuEle[<em>XXX</em>]@[<em>sample rate</em>].sofa, replace ‘<em>XXX</em>’ with ‘WIF’ for echoic recordings and with ‘WOF’ for anechoic ones.</p>
Spherical Headgear HRIR Compilation of the Neumann KU100 and the Head acoustics HMS II.3
<p>[1] C. Pörschmann, J. M. Arend, and R. Gillioz, “How wearing headgear affects measured head-related transfer functions,” in <em>Proceedings of the EAA Spatial Audio Signal Processing Symposium</em>, 2019, pp. 49–54.<br> DOI link: <a href="https://doi.org/10.25836/sasp.2019.27">https://doi.org/10.25836/sasp.2019.27</a></p> <p>Files also available at in SOFA file format at <a href="http://sofacoustics.org/data/database/thk/">sofacoustics.org/data/database/thk/</a></p> <p>_______________________________________________________________________________________________________</p> <p>The spatial representation of sound sources is an essential element of virtual acoustic environments (VAEs). When determining the sound incidence direction, the human auditory system evaluates monaural and binaural cues, which are caused by the shape of the pinna and the head. While spectral information is the most important cue for elevation of a sound source, we use differences between the signals reaching the left and the right ear for lateral localization. These binaural differences manifest in interaural time differences (ITDs) and interaural level differences (ILDs). In many headphone-based VAEs, head-related transfer functions (HRTFs) are used to describe the sound incidence from a source to the left and right ear, thus integrating both monaural and the binaural cues. Specific aspects, like for example the individual shape of the head and the outer ears (e.g. Bomhardt, 2017), of the torso (Brinkmann et al., 2015), and probably even of headgear (Wersenyi, 2005; Wersenyi, 2017) influence the HRTFs and thus probably as well localization and other perceptual attributes. Generally speaking, spatial cues are modified by headgear, for example by wearing a baseball cap, a bicycle helmet, or a head-mounted display, which nowadays is often used in VR applications. In many real life situations, however, a good localization performance is important when wearing such items, e.g. in order to determine approaching vehicles when cycling. Furthermore, when performing psychoacoustic experiments in mixed-reality applications using head-mounted displays, the influence of the head-mounted display on the HRTFs must be considered. Effects of an HTC Vive head-mounted display on localization performance have already been shown in Ahrens et al. (2018). To analyze the influence of headgear for varying directions of incidence, measurements of HRTFs on a dense spherical sampling grid are required. However, HRTF measurements of a dummy head with various headgear are still rare, and to our knowledge only one dataset measured for an HTC Vice on a sparse grid with 64 positions is freely accessible (Ahrens, 2018). This work presents high-density measurement data of HRTFs from a Neumann KU100 and a HEAD acoustics HMS II.3 dummy head, either equipped with a bicycle helmet, a baseball cap, an Oculus Rift head-mounted display, or a set of extra-aural AKG K1000 headphones. For the measurements, we used the VariSphear measurement system (Bernschütz, 2010), allowing precise positioning of the dummy head at the spatial sampling positions. The various HRTF sets were captured on a full spherical Lebedev grid with 2702 points. In our study, we analyze the measured datasets in terms of their spectrum, their binaural cues, and regarding their localization performance based on localization models, and compare the results to reference measurements of the dummy heads without headgear. The results show that differences to the reference without headgear vary significantly depending on the type of the headgear. Regarding the ITDs and ILDs, the analysis reveals the highest influences for the AKG K1000. While for the Oculus Rift head-mounted display, the ITDs and ILDs are mainly affected for frontal directions, only a very weak influence of the bicycle helmet and the baseball cap on ITDs and ILDs was observed. For the spectral differences to the reference the results show maximal deviations for the AKG K1000, the lowest for the Oculus Rift and the baseball cap. Furthermore, we analyzed for which incidence directions the spectrum is influenced most by the headgears. For the Oculus Rift and the baseball cap, the strongest deviations were found for contralateral sound incidence. For the bicycle helmet, the directions mostly affected are as well contralateral, but shifted upwards in elevation. Finally, the AKG K1000 headphones generally has the highest influence on the measured HRTFs, which becomes maximal for sound incidence from behind. The results of this study are relevant for applications where headgears are worn and localization or other aspects of spatial hearing are considered. This could be the case, for example in mixed-reality applications where natural sound sources are presented while the listener is wearing a head-mounted display, or when investigating localization performance in certain situations, e.g. in sports activities where headgears are used. However, it is an important intention of this study to provide a freely available database of HRTF sets which is well suited for auralization purposes and which allows to further investigate the influence of headgear on auditory perception. The HRTF sets will be publicly available in the SOFA format under a Creative Commons CC BY-SA 4.0 license.</p> <p>________________________________________________________________________________________________________</p> <p><strong>Contact:</strong><br> Christoph Pörschmann<br> TH Köln - University of Applied Sciences<br> Institute of Communications Engineering<br> Department of Acoustics and Audio Signal Processing<br> Betzdorfer Str. 2, D-50679 Cologne, Germany<br> <a href="https://www.th-koeln.de/akustik">https://www.th-koeln.de/akustik</a></p> <p>_________________________________________________________________</p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
HRIR/Nimbus-1 Level 1 Meteorological Radiation Data V001 (HRIRN1L1) at GES DISC
HRIRN1L1 is the High Resolution Infrared Radiometer (HRIR) Nimbus-1 Level 1 Meteorological Radiance Data (NMRT) product and contains infrared radiances converted to equivalent black-body temperature or "brightness" temperature values. he data, originally written on IBM 360 machines, were recovered from magnetic tapes, also referred to as Nimbus Meteorological Radiation Tapes (NMRT). The data are archived in their original IBM 36-bit word proprietary format, also referred to as a binary TAP file.The HRIR instrument was designed to perform two major functions: first to map the Earth's cloud cover at night to complement the television coverage during the daytime portion of the orbit, and second to measure the temperature of cloud tops and terrain features. The HRIR instrument was launched on the Nimbus-1 satellite and was operational from August 28, 1964 through September 22, 1964 when the spacecraft malfunctioned. Dr. L. L. Foshee of the US Army Electronics Command was the Principal Investigator.Measurements taken during daytime do not reveal true surface temperaturessince the radiometer operates in the 3.5 to 4.1 micron region, and reflectedsolar radiation is added to emitted surface radiation. However, reflected sunlight in this spectral region does not saturate the radiometer output and usable pictures can be made.This product was previously available from the NSSDC with the identifier ESAD-00209 (old ID 64-052A-03A).
HRIR/Nimbus-3 Level 1 Meteorological Radiation Data V001 (HRIRN3L1) at GES DISC
HRIRN3L1 is the High Resolution Infrared Radiometer (HRIR) Nimbus-3 Level 1 Meteorological Radiance Data (NMRT) product and contains infrared radiances converted to equivalent black-body temperature or "brightness" temperature values. The data, originally written on IBM 360 machines, were recovered from magnetic tapes, also referred to as Nimbus Meteorological Radiation Tapes (NMRT). The data are archived in their original IBM 36-bit word proprietary format, also referred to as a binary TAP file.The HRIR instrument was designed to perform two major functions: first to map the Earth's cloud cover at night to complement the television coverage during the daytime portion of the orbit, and second to measure the temperature of cloud tops and terrain features. The HRIR flown on Nimbus-3 was modified to allow nighttime and daytime cloud cover mapping by use of dual band-pass filter which transmits 0.7 to 1.3 micron, and 3.4 to 4.2 micron radiation. The HRIR instrument was launched on the Nimbus-3 satellite and was operational from April 14, 1966 through July 22, 1969. Nighttime operation was made in the 3.4 to 4.2 micron near infrared region. Daytime operation was based on the predominance of reflected solar energy in the 0.7 to 1.3 micron region. Change-over from nighttime to daytime operation was accomplished automatically (or by ground station command), by actuating a relay in the early stages of the radiometer electronics. The system gain was reduced in the daytime mode to compensate for the higher energy levels. Mr. G. Thomas Cherrix from Goddard Space Flight Center was the Principal Investigator.This product was previously available from the NSSDC with the identifier ESAD-00222 (old ID 69-037A-02C).
HRIR/Nimbus-2 Level 1 Meteorological Radiation Data V001 (HRIRN2L1) at GES DISC
HRIRN2L1 is the High Resolution Infrared Radiometer (HRIR) Nimbus-2 Level 1 Meteorological Radiance Data (NMRT) product and contains infrared radiances converted to equivalent black-body temperature or "brightness" temperature values. The data, originally written on IBM 360 machines, were recovered from magnetic tapes, also referred to as Nimbus Meteorological Radiation Tapes (NMRT). The data are archived in their original IBM 36-bit word proprietary format, also referred to as a binary TAP file.The HRIR instrument was designed to perform two major functions: first to map the Earth's cloud cover at night to complement the television coverage during the daytime portion of the orbit, and second to measure the temperature of cloud tops and terrain features. The HRIR instrument was launched on the Nimbus-2 satellite and was operational from May 16, 1966 through November 15, 1966. Dr. L. L. Foshee of the US Army Electronics Command was the Principal Investigator.Measurements taken during daytime do not reveal true surface temperatures since the radiometer operates in the 3.5 to 4.1 micron region, and reflected solar radiation is added to emitted surface radiation. However, reflected sunlight in this spectral region does not saturate the radiometer output and usable pictures can be made.This product was previously available from the NSSDC with the identifier ESAD-00108 (old ID 66-040A-03A).
HRIR/Nimbus-3 Images of Daytime and Nighttime Brightness Temperature on 70 mm Film V001 (HRIRN3IM) at GES DISC
HRIRN3IM is the Nimbus-3 High-Resolution Infrared Radiometer (HRIR) data product containing scanned negatives of photofacsimile 70mm film strips. The images contain orbital daytime (0.7 to 1.3 microns) and nighttime (3.4 to 4.2 microns) brightness temperature values showing cloud cover and the Earth's surface temperature. Each orbital swath picture is gridded with geographic coordinates and covers a distance approximately from the south pole to the north pole (day) and the north pole to the south pole (night). The images are saved as JPEG 2000 digital files. About 7 days of images are archived into a TAR file. The processing techniques used to produce the data set and a full description of the data are contained in section 3.4.1 of the "Nimbus III Users' Guide."The HRIR instrument was designed to perform two major functions: first to map the Earth's cloud cover at night to complement the television coverage during the daytime portion of the orbit, and second to measure the temperature of cloud tops and terrain features. The HRIR instrument was launched on the Nimbus-3 satellite and was operational from April 22, 1969 through January 31, 1970. Mr. G. Thomas Cherrix from Goddard Space Flight Center was the Principal Investigator.This product was previously available from the NSSDC with the identifier ESAD-00223 (old ID 69-037A-02B).
HRIR/Nimbus-1 Images of Nighttime Brightness Temperature on 70 mm Film V001 (HRIRN1IM) at GES DISC
HRIRN1IM is the Nimbus-1 High-Resolution Infrared Radiometer (HRIR) data product containing scanned negatives of photofacsimile 70mm film strips. The images contain orbital nighttime (3.5 to 4.1 microns) brightness temperature values showing cloud cover and the Earth's surface temperature. Each orbital swath picture is gridded with geographic coordinates and covers a distance approximately from the north pole to the south pole. The images are saved as JPEG 2000 digital files. About 7 days of images are archived into a TAR file. The processing techniques used to produce the data set and a full description of the data are contained in section 3.4.1 of the "Nimbus I Users' Guide."The HRIR instrument was designed to perform two major functions: first to map the Earth's cloud cover at night to complement the television coverage during the daytime portion of the orbit, and second to measure the temperature of cloud tops and terrain features. The HRIR instrument was launched on the Nimbus-1 satellite and was operational from August 28, 1964 through September 22, 1964. Dr. L. L. Foshee of the US Army Electronics Command was the Principal Investigator.This product was previously available from the NSSDC with the identifier ESAD-00135 (old ID 64-052A-03B).
HRIR/Nimbus-2 Images of Nighttime Brightness Temperature on 70 mm Film V001 (HRIRN2IM) at GES DISC
HRIRN2IM is the Nimbus-2 High-Resolution Infrared Radiometer (HRIR) data product containing scanned negatives of photofacsimile 70mm film strips. The images contain orbital nighttime (3.5 to 4.1 microns) brightness temperature values showing cloud cover and the Earth's surface temperature. Each orbital swath picture is gridded with geographic coordinates and covers a distance approximately from the north pole to the south pole. The images are saved as JPEG 2000 digital files. About 7 days of images are archived into a TAR file. The processing techniques used to produce the data set and a full description of the data are contained in section 3.4.1 of the "Nimbus II Users' Guide."The HRIR instrument was designed to perform two major functions: first to map the Earth's cloud cover at night to complement the television coverage during the daytime portion of the orbit, and second to measure the temperature of cloud tops and terrain features. This HRIR instrument was launched on the Nimbus-2 satellite and was operational from May 15, 1966 through November 15, 1966. Dr. L. L. Foshee of the US Army Electronics Command was the Principal Investigator.This product was previously available from the NSSDC with the identifier ESAD-00226 (old ID 66-040A-03B).
HRIR/Nimbus-2 Level 1 Meteorological Radiation Data V001 (HRIRN2L1) at GES DISC
HRIRN2L1 is the High Resolution Infrared Radiometer (HRIR) Nimbus-2 Level 1 Meteorological Radiance Data (NMRT) product and contains infrared radiances converted to equivalent black-body temperature or "brightness" temperature values. The data, originally written on IBM 360 machines, were recovered from magnetic tapes, also referred to as Nimbus Meteorological Radiation Tapes (NMRT). The data are archived in their original IBM 36-bit word proprietary format, also referred to as a binary TAP file. The HRIR instrument was designed to perform two major functions: first to map the Earth's cloud cover at night to complement the television coverage during the daytime portion of the orbit, and second to measure the temperature of cloud tops and terrain features. The HRIR instrument was launched on the Nimbus-2 satellite and was operational from May 16, 1966 through November 15, 1966. Measurements taken during daytime do not reveal true surface temperatures since the radiometer operates in the 3.5 to 4.1 micron region, and reflected solar radiation is added to emitted surface radiation. However, reflected sunlight in this spectral region does not saturate the radiometer output and usable pictures can be made. This product was previously available from the NSSDC with the identifier ESAD-00108 (old ID 66-040A-03A).
HRIR/Nimbus-1 Level 1 Meteorological Radiation Data V001 (HRIRN1L1) at GES DISC
HRIRN1L1 is the High Resolution Infrared Radiometer (HRIR) Nimbus-1 Level 1 Meteorological Radiance Data (NMRT) product and contains infrared radiances converted to equivalent black-body temperature or "brightness" temperature values. he data, originally written on IBM 360 machines, were recovered from magnetic tapes, also referred to as Nimbus Meteorological Radiation Tapes (NMRT). The data are archived in their original IBM 36-bit word proprietary format, also referred to as a binary TAP file. The HRIR instrument was designed to perform two major functions: first to map the Earth's cloud cover at night to complement the television coverage during the daytime portion of the orbit, and second to measure the temperature of cloud tops and terrain features. The HRIR instrument was launched on the Nimbus-1 satellite and was operational from August 28, 1964 through September 22, 1964 when the spacecraft malfunctioned. Measurements taken during daytime do not reveal true surface temperaturessince the radiometer operates in the 3.5 to 4.1 micron region, and reflectedsolar radiation is added to emitted surface radiation. However, reflected sunlight in this spectral region does not saturate the radiometer output and usable pictures can be made. This product was previously available from the NSSDC with the identifier ESAD-00209 (old ID 64-052A-03A).
HRIR/Nimbus-3 Level 1 Meteorological Radiation Data V001 (HRIRN3L1) at GES DISC
HRIRN3L1 is the High Resolution Infrared Radiometer (HRIR) Nimbus-3 Level 1 Meteorological Radiance Data (NMRT) product and contains infrared radiances converted to equivalent black-body temperature or "brightness" temperature values. The data, originally written on IBM 360 machines, were recovered from magnetic tapes, also referred to as Nimbus Meteorological Radiation Tapes (NMRT). The data are archived in their original IBM 36-bit word proprietary format, also referred to as a binary TAP file. The HRIR instrument was designed to perform two major functions: first to map the Earth's cloud cover at night to complement the television coverage during the daytime portion of the orbit, and second to measure the temperature of cloud tops and terrain features. The HRIR flown on Nimbus-3 was modified to allow nighttime and daytime cloud cover mapping by use of dual band-pass filter which transmits 0.7 to 1.3 micron, and 3.4 to 4.2 micron radiation. The HRIR instrument was launched on the Nimbus-3 satellite and was operational from April 14, 1966 through July 22, 1969. Nighttime operation was made in the 3.4 to 4.2 micron near infrared region. Daytime operation was based on the predominance of reflected solar energy in the 0.7 to 1.3 micron region. Change-over from nighttime to daytime operation was accomplished automatically (or by ground station command), by actuating a relay in the early stages of the radiometer electronics. The system gain was reduced in the daytime mode to compensate for the higher energy levels. This product was previously available from the NSSDC with the identifier ESAD-00222 (old ID 69-037A-02C).
HRIR/Nimbus-3 Images of Daytime and Nighttime Brightness Temperature on 70 mm Film V001 (HRIRN3IM) at GES DISC
HRIRN3IM is the Nimbus-3 High-Resolution Infrared Radiometer (HRIR) data product containing scanned negatives of photofacsimile 70mm film strips. The images contain orbital daytime (0.7 to 1.3 microns) and nighttime (3.4 to 4.2 microns) brightness temperature values showing cloud cover and the Earth's surface temperature. Each orbital swath picture is gridded with geographic coordinates and covers a distance approximately from the south pole to the north pole (day) and the north pole to the south pole (night). The images are saved as JPEG 2000 digital files. About 7 days of images are archived into a TAR file. The processing techniques used to produce the data set and a full description of the data are contained in section 3.4.1 of the "Nimbus III Users' Guide." The HRIR instrument was designed to perform two major functions: first to map the Earth's cloud cover at night to complement the television coverage during the daytime portion of the orbit, and second to measure the temperature of cloud tops and terrain features. The HRIR instrument was launched on the Nimbus-3 satellite and was operational from April 22, 1969 through January 31, 1970. This product was previously available from the NSSDC with the identifier ESAD-00223 (old ID 69-037A-02B).
HRIR/Nimbus-1 Images of Nighttime Brightness Temperature on 70 mm Film V001 (HRIRN1IM) at GES DISC
HRIRN1IM is the Nimbus-1 High-Resolution Infrared Radiometer (HRIR) data product containing scanned negatives of photofacsimile 70mm film strips. The images contain orbital nighttime (3.5 to 4.1 microns) brightness temperature values showing cloud cover and the Earth's surface temperature. Each orbital swath picture is gridded with geographic coordinates and covers a distance approximately from the north pole to the south pole. The images are saved as JPEG 2000 digital files. About 7 days of images are archived into a TAR file. The processing techniques used to produce the data set and a full description of the data are contained in section 3.4.1 of the "Nimbus I Users' Guide." The HRIR instrument was designed to perform two major functions: first to map the Earth's cloud cover at night to complement the television coverage during the daytime portion of the orbit, and second to measure the temperature of cloud tops and terrain features. The HRIR instrument was launched on the Nimbus-1 satellite and was operational from August 28, 1964 through September 22, 1964. This product was previously available from the NSSDC with the identifier ESAD-00135 (old ID 64-052A-03B).
HRIR/Nimbus-2 Images of Nighttime Brightness Temperature on 70 mm Film V001 (HRIRN2IM) at GES DISC
HRIRN2IM is the Nimbus-2 High-Resolution Infrared Radiometer (HRIR) data product containing scanned negatives of photofacsimile 70mm film strips. The images contain orbital nighttime (3.5 to 4.1 microns) brightness temperature values showing cloud cover and the Earth's surface temperature. Each orbital swath picture is gridded with geographic coordinates and covers a distance approximately from the north pole to the south pole. The images are saved as JPEG 2000 digital files. About 7 days of images are archived into a TAR file. The processing techniques used to produce the data set and a full description of the data are contained in section 3.4.1 of the "Nimbus II Users' Guide. "The HRIR instrument was designed to perform two major functions: first to map the Earth's cloud cover at night to complement the television coverage during the daytime portion of the orbit, and second to measure the temperature of cloud tops and terrain features. This HRIR instrument was launched on the Nimbus-2 satellite and was operational from May 15, 1966 through November 15, 1966. This product was previously available from the NSSDC with the identifier ESAD-00226 (old ID 66-040A-03B).
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