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15 results for “Haplochromine cichlids”
Data from: Variation of anal fin egg-spots along an environmental gradient in a haplochromine cichlid fish
Male secondary sexual traits are targets of inter- and/or intrasexual selection, but can vary due to a correlation with life-history traits or as by-product of adaptation to distinct environments. Trade-offs contributing to this variation may comprise conspicuousness toward conspecifics versus inconspicuousness toward predators, or between allocating resources into coloration versus the immune system. Here, we examine variation in expression of a carotenoid-based visual signal, anal-fin egg-spots, along a replicate environmental gradient in the haplochromine cichlid fish Astatotilapia burtoni. We quantified egg-spot number, area, and coloration; applied visual models to estimate the trait's conspicuousness when perceived against the surrounding tissue under natural conditions; and used the lymphocyte ratio as a measure for immune activity. We find that (1) males possess larger and more conspicuous egg-spots than females, which is likely explained by their function in sexual selection; (2) riverine fish generally feature fewer but larger and/or more intensely colored egg-spots, which is probably to maintain signal efficiency in intraspecific interactions in long wavelength shifted riverine light conditions; and (3) egg-spot number and relative area correlate with immune defense, suggesting a trade-off in the allocation of carotenoids. Taken together, haplochromine egg-spots feature the potential to adapt to the respective underwater light environment, and are traded off with investment into the immune system.
Data from: Variation of anal fin egg-spots along an environmental gradient in a haplochromine cichlid fish
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Data from: The onset of ecological diversification 50 years after colonization of a crater lake by haplochromine cichlid fishes
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Figure 4 from: de Zeeuw M, Westbroek I, van Oijen M, Witte F (2013) Two new species of zooplanktivorous haplochromine cichlids from Lake Victoria, Tanzania. ZooKeys 256: 1-34. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.256.3871
Figure 4 - Live colours of Haplochromis argens sp. n. A sexually active ♂, 59.3 mm SL (paratype, RMNH.PISC.83622), Emin Pasha Gulf B sexually active ♂, 72.1 mm SL (paratype, RMNH.PISC.84067), Mwanza Gulf.
Figure 7 from: de Zeeuw M, Westbroek I, van Oijen M, Witte F (2013) Two new species of zooplanktivorous haplochromine cichlids from Lake Victoria, Tanzania. ZooKeys 256: 1-34. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.256.3871
Figure 7 - Skeletal elements of Haplochromis goldschmidti sp. n. A Right premaxilla, lateral view (RMNH.PISC.83695) B Right lower jaw, lateral view (RMNH.PISC.83695) C Lower pharyngeal element, dorsal view (RMNH.PISC.83701) D Lower pharyngeal element, lateral view (RMNH.PISC.83701). Scale bars equal 1 mm. Drawn by I. Westbroek.
Figure 1 from: de Zeeuw M, Westbroek I, van Oijen M, Witte F (2013) Two new species of zooplanktivorous haplochromine cichlids from Lake Victoria, Tanzania. ZooKeys 256: 1-34. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.256.3871
Figure 1 - Tanzanian part of Lake Victoria. A, distribution of Haplochromis argens sp. n.(hatched area) B Mwanza Gulf with catch localities of type specimens of Haplochromis argens sp. n.(hatched area); E to J represent stations along the research transect where data on abundance of Haplochromis argens sp. n. were collected C Emin Pasha Gulf with catch localities of type specimens of Haplochromis argens sp. n. (filled circles) and type specimens of Haplochromis goldschmidti sp. n. (filledtriangles); open triangles indicate other catch localities of Haplochromis goldschmidti sp. n.
Figure 10 from: de Zeeuw M, Westbroek I, van Oijen M, Witte F (2013) Two new species of zooplanktivorous haplochromine cichlids from Lake Victoria, Tanzania. ZooKeys 256: 1-34. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.256.3871
Figure 10 - Plots of taxonomic measurements as a function of standard length. Body depth (BD), preorbital width (POW), lower jaw width (LJW) and lachrymal width (LaW). Open circles - Haplochromis argens from the Mwanza Gulf (Mw); closed circles - Haplochromis argens from the Emin Pasha Gulf (EP); triangles - Haplochromis goldschmidti. Power curves determined from GLM parameter estimates, solid line - Haplochromis argens from the Mwanza Gulf; dotted line - Haplochromis argens from the Emin Pasha Gulf; dashed line - Haplochromis goldschmidti, long dashed line (POW) - Haplochromis argens from both locations (MW + EP).
Figure 3 from: de Zeeuw M, Westbroek I, van Oijen M, Witte F (2013) Two new species of zooplanktivorous haplochromine cichlids from Lake Victoria, Tanzania. ZooKeys 256: 1-34. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.256.3871
Figure 3 - Skeletal elements of Haplochromis argens sp. n. A Right premaxilla, lateral view (RMNH.PISC.83705) B Right premaxilla, lateral (top) and occlusal (bottom) views (RMNH.PISC.83621), illustrating, for this species, a rare case of a posteriorly edentulous premaxilla C Right lower jaw, lateral view (RMNH.PISC.83697) D Lower pharyngeal element, dorsal view (RMNH.PISC. 83706) E Lower pharyngeal element, lateral view (RMNH.PISC.83706). Scale bars equal 1 mm. A, C, D drawn by I. Westbroek, B by M. van Oijen.
Figure 6 from: de Zeeuw M, Westbroek I, van Oijen M, Witte F (2013) Two new species of zooplanktivorous haplochromine cichlids from Lake Victoria, Tanzania. ZooKeys 256: 1-34. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.256.3871
Figure 6 - Habitus of Haplochromis goldschmidti sp. n. ♂ (holotype, RMNH.PISC.83573). Scale bar equals 10 mm. Drawing by I. Westbroek, missing (= dotted) scales added by M. van Oijen.
Figure 2 from: de Zeeuw M, Westbroek I, van Oijen M, Witte F (2013) Two new species of zooplanktivorous haplochromine cichlids from Lake Victoria, Tanzania. ZooKeys 256: 1-34. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.256.3871
Figure 2 - Habitus of Haplochromis argens sp. n. ♂ (holotype, RMNH.PISC.83588). Scale bar equals 10 mm. Drawing by I. Westbroek, missing (= dotted) scales added by M. van Oijen.
Figure 5 from: de Zeeuw M, Westbroek I, van Oijen M, Witte F (2013) Two new species of zooplanktivorous haplochromine cichlids from Lake Victoria, Tanzania. ZooKeys 256: 1-34. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.256.3871
Figure 5 - Preserved colours of Haplochromis argens sp. n. ♂ 67.3 mm SL (holotype, RMNH.PISC.83588). Scale bar equals 10 mm.
Figure 9 from: de Zeeuw M, Westbroek I, van Oijen M, Witte F (2013) Two new species of zooplanktivorous haplochromine cichlids from Lake Victoria, Tanzania. ZooKeys 256: 1-34. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.256.3871
Figure 9 - Preserved colours of Haplochromis goldschmidti sp. n. ♂ 60.3 mm SL (holotype, RMNH.PISC.83573). Scale bar equals 10 mm.
Figure 8 from: de Zeeuw M, Westbroek I, van Oijen M, Witte F (2013) Two new species of zooplanktivorous haplochromine cichlids from Lake Victoria, Tanzania. ZooKeys 256: 1-34. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.256.3871
Figure 8 - Live colours of Haplochromis goldschmidti sp. n. A sexually active ♂, 53.6 mm SL (paratype, RMNH.PISC.80480) B sexually active ♂, 57.5 mm SL (paratype, RMNH.PISC.83575).
Data from: Repeated trans-watershed hybridisation among haplochromine cichlids (Cichlidae) was triggered by Neogene landscape evolution
The megadiverse haplochromine cichlid radiations of the East African lakes, famous examples of explosive speciation and adaptive radiation, are according to recent studies, introgressed by different riverine lineages. This study is informed by the first comprehensive mitochondrial and nuclear DNA dataset from extensive sampling of riverine haplochromine cichlids. It includes species from the lower Congo and Angolan (River Kwanza) drainages. Reconstruction of phylogenetic hypotheses revealed the paradox of clearly discordant phylogenetic signals. Closely related mtDNA haplotypes are distributed thousands of kilometers apart and across major African watersheds, whereas some neighbouring species carry drastically divergent mtDNA haplotypes. At shallow and deep phylogenetic layers, strong signals of hybridisation are attributed to the complex late Miocene/early Pliocene palaeo-history of African rivers. Hybridisation of multiple lineages across changing watersheds shaped each of the major haplochromine radiations in lakes Tanganyika, Victoria, Malawi and the Kalahari Palaeolakes, as well as a miniature species flock in the Congo basin (River Fwa). Based on our results, introgression occurred not only on a spatially restricted scale, but massively over almost the whole range of the haplochromine distribution. This provides an alternative view on the origin and exceptional high diversity of this enigmatic vertebrate group.
Data from: Repeated trans-watershed hybridisation among haplochromine cichlids (Cichlidae) was triggered by Neogene landscape evolution
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